HLAWHTLINNA ATAN NGHAH THEIHNA (DELAYED GRATIFICATION)

Stanford University-a professor, Walter Mischel-a chuan kum 1960 chho khan, mihring rilru leh nungchang lam zirna (psychological study), ‘the Marshmallow Experiment’ an tih chu, naupang kum 4 leh kum 8 inkar za tel zingah a kalpui a. He zirnaah hian, naupangte chu a mal tê têin pindanah a hruai a, a ṭhuttir a, an hmaa dawhkanah marshmallow (chini aṭanga siam naupang lawm, thawp deuh) pakhat a dah a. Pindan chu a chhuahsan dawn tih hrilhin, a kal hlana marshmallow chu an lo ei chuan a dang an dawn belh lo ang a, an ei loh erawh chuan an dawn belh dawn tih a hrilh a; minute sawmpanga chhung a chhuahsan a. An thlan tur chu thil ho tê chauh a ni a, tuna marshmallow pakhat ei emaw nakina pahnih ei a ni deuh ber a ni.

Kum a liam a, naupangte pawh chu an lo ṭhang lian chho va. Zirna buatsaihtute chuan kawng hrang hranga hma an sawn dan hre turin an um zui zel a, thil mak leh ngaihtuahna tithui tak an hmu chhuak ta a. Naupang zingah chuan, marshmallow ei chak reng chunga a dang dawn belh tur nghak hram hramte chu, naupang dangte ai chuan, kawng tam takah an hlawhtling zawk tih an hmu a. An nu leh pate an kawmna aṭangin, Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT)-ah mark an hmu sang tlangpui a, ruih hlo hmang sual an tlem a, hriselna atana ṭha lo khawpa thau an tlem a, rim tawngna hma chhawn an thiam tlangpui a, midangte nena nunhonaah harsatna an nei tlem zawk a ni.

Kum 40 chuang zet an um zui hnuin, anniho hi tehna kawng hrang hrangah naupang dangte ai chuan an hlawhtling zawk tih a chiang chho hle a ni. A tawi zawngin, heti hian sawi ta ila, nakina lawmman hlu zawk leh daih rei zawk dawng tura, tuna nawmna leh thlemna do tura mahni inthunun a, nghah theihna (delayed gratification) hi hlawhtlinna atana thil pawimawh tawp a ni tih he zir bingna hian a tichiang em em a ni.

Hetiang hi thil awm dan a nih avangin, “Nghak thei tura mahni inthunun theihna hi pianpui zia a ni em?” tih te, “Pianpui zia a nih chuan, hetiang ze nei naupangte hi an hlawhtling bik dawn tihna em ni?” tih te leh, “Pianpui zia a nih loh chuan he ze pawimawh tak hi zawi zawia inzira neih theih a ni em?” tih zawhnate ngaihtuahnaah a lo lut a.

University of Rochester-a zir mite chuan ‘Marshmallow Experiment’ tho hi a chi dang deuhin an kalpui a. Naupangte hnena marshmallow an pek hmain pawl hnihah an ṭhen phawt a, boruak inang lo tak an tawntir a. A hmasa zawk pawla naupangte chu an thusawi ring hlei thei lovin an siam a. Rawng (crayons) bawm tê tak tê an pe a, a aia lian zawk pe tur angin an insawi a, an pe leh lo va. Milem bel chi (sticker) mawi zawk pek an intiam a, an pe leh lo bawk a. A hnuhnung zawk pawla naupangte hnenah erawh chuan, an thusawi an rin ngei theihna turin, an sawi ang tak zelin an ti a. Rawng bawm lian chu an intiam angin an pe a, milem ṭha zawk an pe bawk a ni.

Tichuan, naupang zawng zawng hnenah chuan, a hmaa an tih ang khan, marshmallow chu an pe leh ta a. A hmasa zawka naupangte chuan, an hnena an intiam angin an ti ngei ang tih rinna chhan tur engmah an neih loh avangin marshmallow an hmuh hmasak apiang an ei ta nghal a. A hnuhnung zawk pawla mite erawh chuan an thusawi rinhlelhna chhan tur engmah an nei ve lova. An rilruin an thu sawi chu rin tlakah an ngai a, nghah hrihin awmzia a nei dawn tih an hria a, an ei nghal mai lo thung. Heng naupangte hian, mahni inthunun hrih chu thil ṭha tak niin an ngai tlat tawh a ni.

Zirna buatsaihtute khan an thutiam an hlen apiangin naupangte rilruah an mahni rin ngamna a zual a. Nakina lawmman lo awm tur chu nghah man a awm dawn a ni tih an hriat bakah an nghak thei a ni tih an inhria a ni. Hetiang hi a nih avangin, a hnuhnung zawka naupangte hian, a tlangpuiin, a hmasa zawka mite nghah hun let lia rei an nghak thei a ni. Heta lang chiang em em mai chu, lawmman ṭha zawk hmu tura mahni inthunun theihna hi pianpui zia a ni lova, kan thil tawn leh kan chawr chhuahna hmun a zira lo awm a ni. Enchhinnaah khian an thil tawnin naupangteah nghawng a neih nasatzia chu chawplehchilhin a hmuh theih nghal a. Hun rei lote chhunga an thil tawn avangin an chet chhuah dan a hrang nghal daih mai a ni.

He zirna hian naupang seilenna boruak pawimawhzia a tilang chiang hle mai. Nu leh pate leh naupang enkawltuten naupang kan ngaihsak a, him leh rilru lung muang taka kan awmtir a ṭulzia a hmuh theih a ni. Kan enkawlnaah, “‘A ni’ chu ni, ‘a ni lo’ chu ni lo ni mai rawh se,” (Matthaia 5:37) tih a nih angin, ‘aw’ chu aw ni se la, ‘aih’ chu aih ni rawh se. He thil, ho tê anga lang hian naupang nungchang siam kawngah thuk takin nghawng a nei a ni.

He zirna aṭanga thil chiang em em dang leh chu, eng kawng emaw tala hlawhtlin kan duh ve a nih chuan, rilru mumal nei lova kawng awlsam ringawt zawng lovin, mahni inthunun theihna nen ṭan kan lak a ngai dawn, tih hi a ni. “Ṭha hi a ṭha ber hmelma a ni,” an tih ṭhin angin, ‘ṭha ve tho’ a intilungawiin, ‘a ṭha ber’ kan thleng pha lo fo. Hlawhtling tur chuan kan nghah theih a, kawng awlsam zawn kan bansan a, a harsa zawk kan hma chhawn ngam a ngai a ni.

Tun dinhmunah hian mahni inthunun theihna leh lawmman hlu zawk nghah theihna (ability to delay gratification) hi nei hrih lo mah ila, inzira hmasawn theih a ni tih kan hriat a, hma kan lak a pawimawh hle mai. Naupangte kha rilru lung muang taka awm theihna hmun (reliable environment) -a an dah chuan, midang rin theihna an nei a, lawmman hmu turin an nghak thei a ni. Mi tam takin hetiang hian kan ti ve theih ṭhin lohna chhan chu, keimahniah rinhlelhna a nasa a, midang leh thil thlengah rinna kan nghah theih loh vang a ni fo ṭhin.

Nakinah lawmman hlu zawk leh daih rei zawk a awm dawn tih hi thil hriat chian ngaihna awm lo a nih avangin kawng awlsam leh hlawkna hmasate lo lak mai hi thil tih awm lo pawh a ni lo va. Tunah lawmman lak tur awm reng, nakina lo la awm tur avanga chân hrih hi tam tak tan chuan a atthlak thei viau awm e. Dam chhung khawsak kawnga indaih lo reng renga hun hmangte tan phei chuan thil engkim mai hi a ral chak em em a; chuvangin, a fim hmasa thal zawh zel duhna hi a lian hle ṭhin. Amaherawhchu, hausakna leh hlawhtlinna tak tak hmu tur chuan, awlsam taka hlawkna kan hmuh theiha kan intih lungawi mai loh va, mahni inthunun a, hma lak belh zel hi tihṭhanah kan neih a ngai a ni.

He ze pawimawh tak hi kan neih theihna turin mitinin tih theih kan nei. Gym-ah kan kal a, kan tihrawlte a lo chak zawkna turin kan sawizawi ṭhin ang hian kan rilru pawh kan sawizawi thei a ni. Zir miten naupangte thil an tiam a, an tihhlawhtlinsak zel ang khan keini pawh thil tê tham tê tê intiamin, kan tihhlawhtling ṭhin tur a ni. Nakina hlawkna lo awm turte chu nghah man a awm dawn a, nghah theihna kan nei bawk a ni tih hi kan rilruah kan nem kai hma chuan kan tinawn fo tur a ni.

Nakina lawmman ṭha zawk hmu tura nghah peihna hian kan rilru inlet but ṭhin thuhnuaia awm lo turin tisa châkna thunun theina min pe a. Thlemna nasa tak do theihna a nih bakah hun leh tha hlawk zawka peipunna a ni bawk a ni. Kan suangtuahna leh duhthusam te a tifiah a, dawhtheihna min zirtir a. Hringnuna pawimawh ber chu kan thlen chin ni lovin a zin kawng hi a ni tih hre thei turin finna min pe bawk a ni.

Lawmman nghah theihna hi mi puitling leh rintlakte zia a ni. A nihna takah chuan, Kristian nun ngei pawh hi, he hringnun ral hnua nakina ropuina nasa zawk beiseina a ni. Josefa khan Potiphara nupui duhawmna a hnar a, a hnuah chhungkaw duhawm tak a din a, Aigupta ram hotu a lo ni thei a. Mosia khan nakina a lawmman tur a thlir a, Pharaoa fanua fapa ang a awm a, reilote sual nawmna hlimpui aiin a mite nena tihduhdah tuar a thlang zawk a (Hebrai 11:24-26). Isua leh a zirtirte zawng zawng nunah pawh he zia hi kan hmu a, a pawimawhzia a lang chiang hle a ni.

- Dr Sairengliana Sailo