Mizorama autonomous district council (ADC) pathumte hi India Danpui Sixth Schedule hmanga din an ni a. Mahni inrelbawlna tura thuneihna sang tak neiin, democracy lungphum pathum an tih ṭhin – legislative, executive leh judicial power-te an nei. Heng bakah hian an area chhunga chhiah khawn theihna (financial power) neiin ro an inrel a ni.

ADC din chhan ber chu Northeast-a tlangmite (tribal) hnam zia humhim, an ram leilung humhim leh ei leh bar a hmasawntirte a ni. Tun hnaiah ADC lamah sawrkarna inthlak kan hre chho zut mai. Hetianga sawrkar inthlak reng hi mipuite’n an tuar a, hmasawnna hna thawk hleithei loin rilru nghet lo takin sawrkarna chelhte pawn hun an hmang niin a lang a; a ṭha lo hle. Tin, mipuiteah ADC rin zawh lohna leh hmuhsitna a siam a; sawrkarna inthlak reng hian ADC zahawmna a tibawrhbang a ni.

Mizorama ADC pathum kan neih mekte hi kum 1972-a din an ni a; kum 53 chhungin CEM hi CADC-ah vawi 25, LADC-ah vawi 25 leh MADC-ah vawi 19 an lo inthlak tawh a. Tin, mi hrang hrang CADC-ah 15, LADC-ah 15 leh MADC-ah 13-te’n CEM dinhmun an lo luah tawh a ni. Term hmang zo thei CEM hi LADC-ah vawi 3 chiah an la awm a; tin, CADC leh MADC-ah pawh vawi 4 ve ve chiah an la awm bawk. Kum khat tling lo CEM dinhmun luah hi LADC-ah an tam ber a, vawi 10 awm tawhin, CADC-in dawtin vawi 9, MADC-in vawi 5 an nei ve thung. Sawrkarna inthlak zawng zawngah hian inphatsanna (defection) vang ni lo, party chhunga insiamremnate pawh awm ve mah se, a tam ber chu dinhmun ṭha chan duh vanga inphatsanna vang a ni.

Heti em ema sawrkarna inthlak zing hian chhan tam tak a neiin a rinawm a, chungte chu kan sawi chho dawn a ni.

1. Anti Defection Law-in a huam ve lo

Kum 1985 khan Anti-Defection Law kan tih hi 52nd Constitutional Amendment hmangin India Danpui Tenth Schedule-ah dah luh a ni a. He dan hi MP leh MLA-te an mahni sponsor-tu party uiresan emaw, independent MP/MLA party zawmte bàn (disqualify) theihna dan a ni. Hei hian MDC-te a huam ve loh avangin, hemi zûlzui hian kum 2002 khan Mizorama ADC-te’n anmahni constitution, Conduct of Business Rules-ah ṭheuh hetiang dan hi Amendment hmangin an ziak lut a. He dan hmang hian CADC leh LADC-ah MDC pakhat ve ve disqualify an lo ni tawh. Hei hian a thlang tlingtu party chhuahsan mai hlauhna eng emaw ti chhung chu a siam niin a lang a, kum 2005 – 2020 inkarah kha chuan a sponsor-tu chhuahsana party dang zawm an tam lem lo a; sawrkarna inthlak a awm pawhin party chhungah a ni tlangpui.

Amaherawhchu, WP(C) No. 65/2020 (Onis Moy Chakma & Ors vs State of Mizoram & Ors) case-ah Gauhati High Court Aizawl Bench-in, “Sixth Schedule hnuaia ADC-te’n Anti Defection Law an insiam thei lo ang,” tia judgement a lo siam hnuah party chhuahsanna hi a lo hluar thar leh ta a. Mizoram Chief Minister hlui Pu Lal Thanhawla khan, ‘Chungu nung chung bûk ang’ tiin a lo sawi hlawm tawh ṭhin a. Chutiang chu tun hnaiah thleng lehin, CADC leh LADC-ah ngat phei chuan khuahkhirh theih lohin party hrang hrangah an per kual leh ta sup sup mai a ni.

2. Party thinlung put tawk lohna (Lack of Party spirit)

A sang ber aṭanga a hniam ber thlengin party-a rinawmna an tlachham niin a lang. Politics-a active taka inhmangte hi an vai deuhthaw hian an awmna party vawi khat tal thlak tawh an ni deuh furin a rinawm. MDC-te paw’n an vote bank chu party ni loin, chhungte leh ṭhian ṭhate an ni tih an hre chiang niin a lang. Hei vang hian party-ah an inpe lo a, thuneihna sang zawk an neih theih dawn phawt chuan a thlang tlingtu party awlsam têin an chhuahsan mai ṭhin a ni.

3. Ruling politics

Party-in awmzia a nei thui lutuk lo ti mah ila, state-a sawrkar lai party-te chuan inthlanah advantage tam tak an nei bik a. State-a sawrkar lai party hian ADC-ah sawrkarna an siam mai ṭhin avangin a fawng vuantuah ṭan tumin state ruling party candidate nih an tum tlangpui ṭhin. Party pakhata hruaitu hlun tak pakhat chuan heti hian a sawi a, “Candidate kha sawrkar lamah a awm dawn a ni tih mipuiin an rin chuan vote an pe mai ṭhin,” a ti. Heti hian a sawi chhunzawm a, “An awmna party hi thlak reng ṭhin mah se, a thlang tlingtute hian rinawm loah an ngai lem lo, ruling lama a awm kha an duhpui ber a ni,” tiin a sawi.

Hemi tichiangtu atan LADC-a politician hlun tak pahnih hi lo tarlang ta ila. Pu C Thanghluna hi party hrang hrang 4 aṭangin MDC-ah vawi 7 thlan tlin a lo ni tawh a; Pu F Manghnuna pawh party hrang hrang 4 aṭangin MDC-ah vawi 5 thlan tlin a lo ni tawh bawk. Heta ṭanga lang chiang chu–mipuite hi party-ah rinawm loin, an leader zuiah an rinawm a ni.

4. Inthlan laia intiamna nasa lutuk

Inthlan laia mimal/chhungkua hnena intiamna neih hi campaign dan tlanglawn berte zinga mi a ni a, heng zingah hian hna pek intiamna hi a tam berte zinga mi a ni. ADC hna lakah hian transperancy a awm lo a, ADC hnuaia hna zawng tam tak pawh hian competitive examination atan inbuatsaih loin, political fitness-ah an innghat mai ṭhin. MDC-te pawh hi hna petua ngaih an ni a, sawrkar hnaa an bial mite thun tam thei MDC chu MDC chaka ngaih an ni.

Tin, scheme hrang hranga beneficiary thlan kawngah dan mumal a awm lo a, CEM duhsak hlawh MDC/EM-te’n an chang tam bik mai ṭhin. Hei hian sawrkar lai MDC/EM-te inkarah boruak ṭha lo a siam a, sawrkar lama awm ringawt kha a tâwk loh châng a awm. CEM duh sak hlawh lo nia an inhriat a, an duh anga che thei dawn lo nia an inhriat chuan, anmahni duhsak thei tur CEM siam tumin hma an la mai ṭhin.

5. Mipui thiam lohna

Mipui pawh hian MDC-teah phurrit an siam nasa lutuk ni hian a lang. A chunga kan sawi ang khian MDC-te hi sawrkar hna petuah te, beneficiary scheme semtuahte an ngai a; anmahniah sum leh pai leh mimal hamṭhatna beisei an tam lutuk ni hian a lang. CADC-a politician hlun tak pakhat chuan, “MDC tin hian engtik lai pawhin mikhual 20 vel thleng reng ang kan ni a. Sum leh paiah harsatna tam tak min siam a, MDC nih zel kan duh chuan sawrkar lama bet tura theihtawp kan chhuah ve a ngai a ni,” a ti. Mipuiin harsatna an siamna lamah MDC-te hi mawi leh mawi lo pawh thlu zo lo leh rinawm hleithei loah an siam nite pawhin a lang.

6. Dinhmun ṭha zawk beiseina

ADC-te hi sum leh paiah harsatna tâwk reng an ni a. Anmahni area chhungah chhiah khawn theihna nei mah se la, local revenue an siam zat hi an budget pumpui aṭanga teha 1% vel bak an hmu chhuak zo meuh lo. India Danpui Article 275(1) hnuaiah Central sawrkar aṭangin state sawrkar kaltlangin sum an hmu a; amaherawhchu, state sawrkar aṭanga sum an dawn dan turah dan mumal a awm lo. The Mizoram Autonomous District Council Grants-in-Aid (GIA) Rules 2018 leh The Mizoram Autonomous District Council Fund Rules, 2018-te hi awm mah se, heng danahte hian fund an dawn zat tur (ADC fund share), ADC-te’n an insem dan tur leh state sawrkarin fund a pek chhuah hun tur inziak a awm lo a ni. State sawrkarin a tawk tur nia a rin kha ADC-te hnenah a pe chhuak mai ṭhin a. Hei vang hian state aṭanga duhsak hlawh beiseiin state-a sawrkar lai party an zawm mai ṭhin.

7. Tlipna

A chunga kan sawi takte aṭang khian ADC-a politician-te hian harsatna hrang hrang an tawk a, hei hian politics-ah rinawm loah a siam ni pawhin a lang. Tin, heng karah hian politics-a rinawm tak tak, harsatna hrang hrang karah pawh an awmna party thlak ve mai mai ngai lo an awm nual tho a, chung zinga entirna langsar tak pakhat chu Pu C Ngunlianchunga, MLA hi a ni âwm e. INC ticketin village council-ah vawi khat, MDC-ah vawi nga leh MLA-ah vawi thum thlan tlin a ni tawh a ni.

- Lalrempuia, Ph.D Scholar,
Dept of Political Science, Mizoram University
Ph. No 7085268136
puiachhakchhuak5@gmail.com