THUTHLUNG THAR LO PIAN DAN (Canonization of the New Testament)

Thuthlung Tharah hian Chanchin Ṭha bu 4, Kohhran chanchin bu 1, Lehkhathawn 21 leh Thupuan bu 1 a awm a. Kohhran din tirh lai khân ringtu hmasate chu sunagog-ah an inkhâwm ve mai ṭhin a; Juda-te Bible chu an Bible a ni. Juda-te tihduhdahna an tuar avànga sunagog-a an inkhâwm theih loh hnûah pawh sunagog-a inkhâwm dàn chu chhunzawmin Thuthlung Hlui an hmang zui zêl a. Hetih lai hian Thuthlung Thar a la piang si lo. Chuvàngin mi thiamte chuan ‘Thuthlung Thar hi Kohhran siamtu ni loin Kohhran hi Thuthlung Thar siamtu a ni’ tiin an sawi ṭhin.

Thuthlung Thar lehkhabu zîngah Paula lehkhathawnte hi ziah hmasak, AD 49–62 inkâra ziah a ni. Paula lehkhathawnte hi lehkha­thawn pângngai tak a ni a. F.C. Grant-a chuan, “Tele­phone hi lo awm tawh se, Paula’n a hmang ngei ang a, a lehkhathawn ṭhenkhat hi chu kan nei miah lo ang” a lo ti a. Paula lehkhathawnte hi a tîrah Pathian thu anga pawm ni lo mah se Kohhranhoin an roh hle a ni. Engtin nge Pathian thua pawm a lo nih? Kum AD 90-ah khán Luka’n Tirhkohte Thiltih bu hi a rawn tichhuak a. Tirhkohte Thiltihah hian Paula’n lehkhathawn a ziah thu chu a lang lo. Mahse Tirhkohte Thiltihah hian Paula rawngbàwlna a lansarh êm avàngin hmun hrang hranga Kohhranhote chuan Paula lehkhathawn an lo vawn ṭhatte chu thûl mawng aṭangin an phawrh chhuak a. A theih ang angin an la khâwm a; chutianga an lâk khâwmna hmun chu Ephesi niin an ring. AD 90 vêlah chuan Paula lehkhathawnte hi Pathian thûah an la pawm chiah lo náin Kohhranho thil neih hlu ber zîngah ngaih a ni.

Chanchin Ṭha bute an ziah hun chu – Marka’n AD 65–70 vêlah a ziak a, Matthaia leh Luka’n AD 80–90 vêlah an ziak a, Johana’n AD 100 vêlah a ziak. Isua chanchin hi an va ziak tlai ve! Eng nge a chhan? Isua chanchin an ziah mai loh chhante chu – (1) Juda-ten ziaka thil dah aiin ṭawngkaa inhlan chhàwn an chìn vàng a ni. (2) Isua zirtîrte leh Kristian hmasate kha lehkha thiam lo an nih avàngin an tân lehkha ziak a harsa. (3) Khatih lai khán lehkha man a to a; ziak thiam rawih man a to hle bawk a; ringtu hmasate khán an tlin lo. (4) Apostol-te an dam chhûng chuan anni kha lehkhabu nung (living books) an ni a; Isua chanchin ziah ngai an ti rih lo. (5) Isua lo kal leh thuai an rin avàngin a chanchin ziaka dah ṭûl an ti lo.

Tlai khawhnûah Isua chanchin chu an ziak leh ta si a. An ziah leh ták chhante chu – (1) Isua a lo kal leh ta mai si lo a, a chanchin ziaka dah chu a ṭûl ta a ni. (2) Isua zirtîrte pawh an lo thi ṭhen ta nual a; a chanchin leh a thu zirtîrte ziaka an dah loh chuan ṭhangtharhoin an hre lo thei mai dâwn. (3) Isua chungchângah zirtîrna dik lo leh sawi dàn hrang hrang a lo awm ta a; miin thudik an hriat theih nân ziaka dah a lo ngai ta a ni. (4) Chanchin Ṭha chu a darh zêl si a, mit ngeia Isua hmutu an thi nual tawh bawk si; Chanchin Ṭha hril darh nân Isua chanchin leh zirtîrnate ziah a lo ngai ta a ni.

Marka hian kum AD 65 vêlah Rome khawpuia a ziah a ni a. Marka hi Petera ṭawng lettu a ni a; Petera thuhril lâk khâwm aṭangin a ziak a ni. Rome-a Jentail kohhran tâna ziah a nih avàngin Isua ṭawngkama Aramaik lo awmte pawh Grik ṭawngin a let zêl. Entîr nân – “Eloi, Eloi, lama sabakthani” tih chu, “Ka Pathian, ka Pathian, engah nge mi kalsan?” tiin. Matthaia hian Juda rilru pu deuh takin a ziak a. Isua chu Davida thlaha mi a nihzia chiang takin a sawi a, Isua thlahtute pawh Abrahama-ah a chhui tâwp hmak a ni. Davida fapa tih chuan Grik-hote tân awmzia a nei vak lo. Matthaia ziak hi Thuthlung Hlui leh Thuthlung Thar suih zawmtu tak pawh a ni. Matthaia’n Marka ziak châng 661 aṭangin châng 606 (91.6%) a la chhâwng a ni. Luka chu Jentail a ni bawk a, a thu ziak hi ‘Jentail-te tâna Chanchin Ṭha’ tiin an sawi ṭhin a. Luka hian Jentail-te leh mi hnuaihnungten Isua an tawh dàn a ziah hnem avàngin mi retheite tân Chanchin Ṭha tih deuh bîk a ni. Luka’n Marka ziak châng 661-ah châng 320 (48%) a la chhâwng a ni. Thuthlung Thar ziaktu zîngah Luka’n Chanchin Ṭha leh Tirhkohte Thiltih ziakin a thawh hlâwk ber a, 27% a ziak a; Paula’n lehkhathawn 13 ziakin thawh hlâwk ber dawttu a ni a, 24% a ziak thung.

Chanchin Ṭha bu hmasa 3-te hi ziah dàn kalhmang thuhmun a nih avàngin ‘Synoptic Gospels’ an ti. Galili biala Isua rawngbàwl chanchin an ziak ber a. Jerusalem-ah Kalhlên kût hmang tùrin vawi khat a lo kal a; Puithiam Lalte leh Juda hruaituten lo manin kraws-ah an khêng bet ta mai a ni. Marka ziak châng 661-ah hian Matthaia emaw Luka emawin an lâk chhàwn miah loh chu châng 31 chauh a ni. Marka ziaka lang lo, Matthaia leh Luka te pahnihin an ziah si, chanchin inang a awm a; chûngte chu zir mite chuan Quelle (Q) an ti. Matthaia’n Marka leh Luka ziaka lang miah lo ziah a nei bawk a; chûngte chu ‘Matthean Special’ an ti. Luka’n Matthaia leh Marka ziaka lang miah lo ziah a neih chu ‘Lucan Special’ an ti bawk.

Johana ziah dàn hi a danglam deuh bîk bawk. Jerusalem-a Isua rawngbàwl chanchin a ziak ber a, Galili bial a va tlawh leh zeuh chauh ṭhin a ni. Johana ziahah hian Kalhlên kût vawi 3 bákah kût dang pakhat, a hming sawi lan si loh a lan avàngin Isua rawngbawl chhûng pawh kum 3 vêl ni-a ngaih a nih phah a (cf. Joh 5.1). Isua thiltihmakte chu ‘chhinchhiahna’ (Gr. semeia) tih vek a ni a; chhinchhiahna pasarih chauh a ziak nghe nghe. Isuan ‘chhinchhiahna’ pakhat a tih zawhin a thusawi (sermon) sei takin a zui zêl bawk. Johana hian Ephesi khuaah AD 100 vêla a ziah a ni ang.

Paula lehkhathawn ni lo lehkha­thawn dangte hi ‘huapzo lehkhathawn’ (catholic epsitles) an ti a. Mi hrang hrang hrangin hun hrang hranga an ziah a ni. Thuthlung Thar lehkhabute lák khâwm dàn hi hriat theih a ni lo. Lehkhathawnte hi a dawngtute khán an roh hle a ni ang; AD 90 vêla Paula lehkhathawn an lák khâwm lai vêl khán lehkhathawn dangte pawh hi an la khâwm ṭan a ni ang.

Gnostic zirtîrtu pakhat Marcion-a chu AD 140-ah khán Rome-ah a lo kal a. Ani chuan Thuthlung Hlui a pawm lo a; Thuthlung Tharah pawh Chanchin Ṭha Luka ziak leh Paula lehkhathawn chauh a pawm. Hêngah pawh hian Thuthlung Hlui thu lák chhuahte chu a paih vek bawk. Hetianga zirtîrna danglam a lo awm tákah Kohhranhoin Pathian thûa pawm tùr lehkhabute chin felna kawngah awmzia a neih phah ta a ni. Clement (of Rome, died AD 99) leh Justin Martyr-a (AD 100–165) chuan AD 150 vêlah khán Chanchin Ṭha bute hi Pathian thu angin an lo sawi tawh a. Kum 165–180 inkârah khân Paula lehkhathawnte pawh hi Pathian thu angin an lo sawi nual tawh a. Kum 1740-a L.A. Muratori-a’n (1672–1750) Milan Library-a hmânlai thu ziak hlui a hmuh chhuah, ‘Muratorian Canon’ an tih ták maiah chuan Thuthlung Thar lehkhabu 22 hming a chuang a; chuang ve lote chu – 1 & 2 Petera, Jakoba, 3 Johana leh Hebrai a ni a. Thuthlung Thara tel ta lo – Wisdom of Solomon leh Apoca­lypse of Peter a chuang ve tlat bawk.

Thuthlung Thar lehkhabu 27 hming kim biaia ziak chhuaktu hmasa ber chu Aigupta rama Alexandria khaw Bishop Athanasius-a (AD 296–373) a ni. Ani chuan kum tin Easter Sunday-a chhiar tùrin a bial chhûng kohhranhote hnênah lehkha a thawn ziah a. Kum 367-a Easter Sunday lehkhathawnah chuan Thuthlung Hlui lehkhabu 39 hming a ziah hnûah Thuthlung Thar lehkhabu 27 hming a ziak leh a; a ziah dàn tlângpui chu, “Thuthlung Thar bu sawi hi thil ninawm a ni lo e. Chûngte chu – Chanchin Ṭha bu 4 – Matthaia, Marka, Luka leh Johana. Chumi dawtah Tirhkohte Thiltih leh Huapzo lehkhathawn – Jakoba, 1&2 Petera, 1,2&3 Johana, Juda. Hêng bákah hian Paula lehkhathawn 14 – Rom, 1&2 Korinth, Galatia, Ephesi, Philippi, Kolossa, 1&2 Thessalonika, Hebrai, 1&2 Timothea, Tita, Philemona. Hêng bákah Thupuan. Hêngte hi chhandamna hnâr a ni a, tuihâl apiangte chu thu nung an pai hmang hian an tuihàlna tihreh theih a ni. Hêngah chauh hian Pathian thu zawm dàn thu puan chhuah a ni. Tu mahin belhchhah lo sela, tu mahin paih ṭhen hek suh se,” tiin. Athanasius-a hunah chuan Hebrai hi Paula ziakah an la ngai a; mahse tûnah chuan Paula ziakah ngaih a ni tawh lo. Kutziak bu hlui ber berah ‘pros Hebraios’ (Hebraite hnênah) tih ringawt a chuang a; Paula hming khawiah mah a lang lo. Hetianga Athanasius-a’n a lo sawi hnûah Carthage Synod III chuan AD 397 August 28-ah khán Thuthlung Hlui leh Thar bute hi a lo pawm fel ta a ni. Carthage Synod-ah hi chuan Hebrai hi Paula lehkhathawn zîngah an telh tawh lo. Chutiang chuan Thuthlung Thar bute hi Pathian lehkhabuah Kohhranin a lo pawm fel ta a ni.