DEUTERONOMISTIC HISTORY vs CHRONICLER’S HISTORY

THUHMAHRUAI: History kan tih rêng rêng hi thil thleng tawh hrilhfiahna a ni a; chanchin dah khâwm satliah ringawt hi history a tling lo a, awmze neia rem erawh chuan history a chang ṭhin. British-hoin kum 1857-a helna kha ‘sipai helna’ (sepoy mutiny) an ti a, India historian-te erawh chuan ‘first war of independence’ an ti tawh; an thlîrna tlâng a hran vàng a ni.

HEBRAI BIBLE: Juda-te Bible (Thuthlung Hlui) chu hmun 3-ah an ṭhen a. (1) Dàn Bu 5: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers leh Deuteronomy. (2) Zàwlneite Bu 8: Zàwlnei hmasa 4-Josua, Rorêltute, Samuela (bu 1), Lalte (bu 1); Zàwlnei hnuhnung 4-Isaia, Jeremia, Ezekiela leh Sâwmpahnihte (Zàwlnei tê). (3) Thuziakte Bu 11: Sam, Joba, Thufingte, Ruthi, Hlate Hla, Thuhriltu, Ṭah Hla, Estheri, Daniela, Ezra - Nehemia (bu 1) leh Chronicles (bu 1). A vaiin bu 24 a ni.

ṬHEN DÀN DANG: Thuthlung Hlui ṭhen dàn dang-Dân Bu, Chanchin Bu, Hlate leh Zàwlneite tih hi Grik ṭawnga Thuthlung Hlui an lehlin (Septuagint, ca. 250 BC) ṭhen dàn zui a ni deuh ber. Thuthlung Hluia chanchin ziahna Josua - 2 Chronicles hi tûnah chuan hmun 2-ah an ṭhen a: (1) Deuteronomistic History (Josua - 2 Lalte) leh (2) Chronicler’s History (Ezra - Nehemia leh 1 &2 Chronicles) tiin. Hemi ṭhen dàn zuia zir chuan eng vàngin nge Samuela leh Lalte bu-a Israel-te chanchin leh Chronicles bu-a mi hi a danglam tih hi hriat thiam a awl deuh ang.

DEUTERONOMISTIC HISTORY: Deute­ronomy thuchah laipui ber chu “Pathian thu âwih hi hamṭhatna, âwih loh erawh chu tuarna/ chhiatna” tih hi a ni. Chumi thuchah chu Israel-te chanchin an ziah innghah nân hmangin Israel-ten Josua hun aṭanga Babulon sal tàn, Jehoiakina tàn in ata chhuah a nih thlengin an ziak a. An chanchin hi ngun taka kan chhiar chuan Pathian thu an âwih loha an uirèsan apiangin hnam dang thu hnuaiah an awm a; ramah remna leh muanna a awm thei lo. Chutiang a nih dàn chu Rorêltute bûah a chiang lehzual a; pathian dang laka an uirè apiangin hnam dang thu hnuaiah an awm a, an Pathian lam an lo hawi leh apiangin chhan chhuaktu ‘rorêltute’ a pe a, ramah remna leh muanna a awm leh ṭhin.

Samuela hun leh lal an neih hnûah pawh chutiang chu an awm dàn a ni zêl. United Kingdom of Israel & Judah a lo inṭhen a; hmâr lam lalram (Israel) chu ram inpumkhatna tichhetûah an ngaih avàngin an lalte zawng zawng (20) chu lal ṭhaa chhiar pakhat mah an awm lo a. An zavaiin thiam loh chantîr vek an ni a, “Nebata fapa Jeroboama thil tih ang a ti ve a, hmun sângte a tichim lo a,” tiin thiam loh chantîrin an chanchin tihtâwp vek an ni. Assuria-in kum 721 BC-ah Israel lalram chu rawn lain mi lian leh changkâng chin zawng chu ram dangah a thiar chhuak vek a; Israel-te chanchin sawi apianga hmaih theih loh ‘Hnam 10 bo’ tih hi a lo piang ta a ni. Assuria ram aṭanga rawn thiar luhte leh Israel mi hnuaihnung hnutchhiahte inneih pawlh aṭangin Samari mite an lo chhuak ta a ni.

Deuteronomistic History ziah thawh khatna chu Juda lal Josia hun vêl niin an ring a. Josia lal lai khân temple an chei ṭhatna lamah kum 21 BC-ah Dân bû an hmu chhuak a; chu Dân bû chu Deuteronomy hi niin an ring. Chumi thuchah laipui chu beh chhana hmangin an hnam chanchin chu an chhui lêt a; Pathian an hawisan apiangin an tuar ṭhin tih an hmu chiang hle. An hnam chanchina ngaihnawm lo lai ber pawh thup nei loin an ziak ta a; an lal ropui ber Davida chanchina bawl awm pawh an hmaih duh chuang lo; Bathsebi a uirè te, Absaloman a pa hmei 10 a mutpui chanchinte pawh ziah tel vek a ni. Judai ram pawhin Pathian thu an zawm tluan chhuak bîk lo a; an lal zînga a tam zâwk chu lal sual an ni. Israel ram tihchhiat aṭanga kum 135-ah (586 BC) Babulon chu a siruk laa lo thawkin Jerusalem leh temple chu an tichhe vek a; an mi lian leh changkâng zawng zawng Babulon-ah sal tâng tûrin an hruai ta vek a; an hnutchhiahte chu mi hnuaihnungho chauh an ni. Israel-te chanchina sawi nuam lo ber ‘Babulon sal tàn’ tih chu a lo thleng ta a ni. Hemi hma hian Babulon lal chuan Juda lal Jehoiakina chu sal tâng tûrin a lo hruai daih tawh a ni.

Babulon sal tângte kha Juda-te zîngah mi ṭhaho an nih avàngin Jeremia pawhin ‘theipui rah bâwr

ṭha nèn’ a tehkhin a; rama hnutchhiahte kha ‘theipui rah bâwr chhia’ nèn a tehkhin thung a (Jer 24.4,8). Babulon-ah chuan Euphrates lui an lák kâwina tui kawng (canal) pakhat Chebar dungah an dah a; sal tâng ni mah se tihretheih an ni lo, zalên takin an awm a. A tîr lamah awm dàn an thiam lo a (cf. Sa, 137), hna thawh pawh an tum mang lo a, nupui pasal inneih pawh an tum lo. Jeremia’n an awm dàn dik lo chu a lo hriatin lehkha khauh tak a thawn ta a, “Inte sa ula, chutah chuan chêng ula; huante nei ula, a rahte ei ula; nupuite nei ula, fanute fapate hring ula; in fapate tân nupui neihsak ula, in fanute pasal neihtîr ula, fanu fapa an hrin theih nân: chutah chuan lo pung ula, kiam suh u,” tiin (Jer 29.5–6). Kum 562 BC-ah Evil-Merodaka chu a lo lal a, ani chuan Juda lal Jehoiakina chu tân in ata chhuahin ni tin a hnêna chawhlui kîl ve tûrin a ti a (2 Lal 2427–30; cf. Jer 52.31–34). Hetih lai vel hi Deuteronomistic History thawh hnihna ziah hun a ni ang.

CHRONICLER’S HISTORY: Ezra-Nehemia leh Chronicles bûte hi Hebrai Bible tâwp lama awm a ni a. Kum 458 BC-ah puithiam Ezra chu Babulon aṭangin Jerusalem-ah a lo kîr a; Euphrates lui thlang lama Juda awm zawng zawngte chunga sakhaw hotu ber ni tûra lo kîr a ni. Ezra chuan Dân bû a rawn hàwn a, chu Dàn bû chu mi thiamten Deuteronomy hi niin an ring. Dân bû chu Jerusalem tuallai dawhsânah zîng aṭanga chhûn thleng an chhiar a; he dawhsàn hi mi ṭhenkhat chuan khawvêla pulpit hmasa ber tiin an sawi ṭhin. Dân bu chhiar aṭang chuan Juda-ten an dik lohna an hre chhuak a; inchhîrin an ṭap zawih zawih a (Neh 8.1–12;13.13). Deut 23.3-ah chuan, “Amon mite leh Moab mite chu LALPA mite pungkhâwm zîngah an tel tûr a ni lo. Chhuan sàwmna thlengin an zînga mi chu LALPA mite pungkhâwm zîngah an tel hauh lo tûr a ni...” tih a ni. Dàn bu chhiar an ngaihthlâk hnûah Israel mite zîng ata a chawhpawlhtu hnam dang mite chu an tihrang ta a ni (Neh 13.1–3).

Kum 445 BC-ah Nehemia chu Judai ram awp tûr leh Jerusalem kulh siam ṭha tûrin a lo kîr ve thung a; Euphrates lui thlang lam ram awptu (viceroy) hnuaia awm a ni. Ani chu Judai ram awptûah kum 12 a awm hnuin Persia (Susa)-ah chawlh hmangin a kîr a. Nehemia chawlh chhûng chu kum eng zât nge hriat a ni lo; chawlh a lák hlân chuan puithiam Eliasiba’n temple vêl chu a lo tibawrhbâng nasa hman hle a; Tobia tân hmunte a lo ruatsak vêl a. Nehemia a lo kir leh chuan tûn hmaa Ezra nèna siam ṭhat hna an thawh kha fiak zâwkin a chhunzawm leh ta a; Chawlhni serh loa sumdàwnna an lo kalpui zawng zawngte chu a titâwp vek a. Juda mi ni si, Asdod, Amon leh Moab hmeichhia nupuia neite chu ânchhia a lawh a; hnam dang hmeichhiate chu nupuia nei lo tûrin thu a pe a (Neh 13.4–31). Ezra leh Nehemia siam ṭhatnain a tum ber chu hnam thianghlim ni tûra Juda-te siam a ni.

Ezra leh Nehemia siam ṭhat hnathawh êng aṭang chuan Juda-ten kum 400–350 BC vêlah khân an hnam chanchin an ziak thar a; Juda-te chu khawvêl hnam thianghlim ber an nihzia lantîr an tum a. An hnam chanchina bawl tam tak chu an chhawk ṭhawt ṭhawt a; chutianga an hnam chanchin thianghlim zâwka an ziah thar chu mi thiamten ‘Chronicler’s History’ an ti a; a huap zau zâwnga sawi chuan Ezra-Nehemia leh 1&2 Chronicles a huam a, a zîm zâwnga sawi erawh chuan 1&2 Chronicles hi a ni. Chronicler’s History an ziah lai chuan Persia hnuaiah an awm rei tawh bawk a, Persia sakhaw ngaih dàn pawh an la lût thûk thawkhat tawh hle. Persian sakhua (Zoroastrianism)-ah chuan engkim hi a ṭha leh a chhiaa ṭhen a ni a; Pathian ṭha aṭangin thil ṭha a lo kal a, Pathian ṭha lo aṭangin thil ṭha lo a lo kal thung an ti.

Chutiang chuan 2 Sam 24.1–23-a Davida huna chhiarpui chu Pathian tihtîr a ni a, a hnûah Pathianin Davida chu a hrem lehlawi si a. 2 Chr 21.1–30-ah erawh chuan chhiarpui neihtîrtu chu Setana tih a ni ta daih a; Setana thu a âwih avàngin Davida chu hrem a ni. Chronicler’s History danglamna lian tak chu an hnam chanchina bawl lian tak tak an paih deuh vek hi a ni. Davida chu an la ropui ber leh ngaihsàn ber a nih avàngin Bathsebi a uirê leh chumiin a nghawng chanchin bawlhhlawh tak tak Uria a thahtîr te, Absaloma’n a pa hmei 10 lai a pàwlsak chanchinte chu chhawk vek a ni.

Chronicler’s History-ah chuan hmâr lam Israel ram chanchin chhui mûmal loh a ni a, an lalte zîngah mi panga - Jeroboama (2 Chr 13.6), Baasa (2 Chr 16.1), Ahaba (2 Chr 22.3), Ahazia (2 Chr 20.35), Jorama (2 Chr 22.6), leh Jehua (2 Chr 22.7) bâk sawi lan an ni lo; anni chanchin pawh a ṭha lam eng mah sawi a ni lo. Chronicler’s History-ah chuan hmâr lam Israel chu an sual vàngin Pathianin a hrem a, an chanchin chhui zui a ni lo. Chhim lam Judai ram chu Pathianin hremin Babulon-ah sal tângin awm mah se, an sual an sim avàngin Judai ramah hruai kîr leh an ni; hmâr lam mite erawh chu an sim ve loh avàngin kîr leh tlák an ni lo a, zir miten ‘hnam sâwm bo’ tiin an sawi ta hial a. Hnam sâwm bo tih awmzia chu an chanchin chhui zui awm lo tihna a ni. Chronicler’s History ziaktuten an tum ber Juda-te chu khawvêla hnam thianghlim awm chhun an ni tih êng aṭangin Chronicles bute hi zir ila, Samuela bu leh Lalte bu nèn a danglamna pawh kan hre thiam thei deuh ang.