MIZORAM ECONOMY

Mizoram economy kan tih chuan a rama michengte’n kum khata an sum thawhchhuah ‘gross state domestic product’ (GSDP) dinhmun leh mitinin kum khat chhunga sum an thawhchhuah (per capita income) te hi enge a dinhmun tih kan hriat a ngai a. Economist te chuan mihring chengte hi hmun thumah an ṭhen a. Kuthnathawktu, thlawhhma, huan ram, ranvulh, sangha khawi leh pangang khawi a eizawngtute bakah ramngaw aṭanga eitur daptute hi ‘primary sector’ emaw ‘agriculture and allied sector ti-in emaw an sawi ṭhin.

A pahnihna chu thil siam chhuah lam (industry) bakah ram rotling siam tura in sak leh kawng sialte, leilung hausakna haichhuah lam a ni a, ‘secondary sector emaw ‘industrial sector’ emaw an ti a. A pathumna chu ‘service sector’ ti a vuah a ni a, sorkar hnathawkte, sumdawngte, zinmite atanga sum hmuhte leh bank lamin an thawhchhuahte a huam a. ṭhenkhat chuan ‘tertiary sector’ tiin an sawi bawk a ni.

Mizoramah hian an sawi hmang chuan mipui za zela 60 aṭanga 70 te hi kuthnathawka eizawng an ni a. Chu tianga mipui tam berte kum khat thawhchhuah erawh chu a tlem ber ziah kumtin a. Economic Survey thar berin a tarlan dan chuan 2024-2025 tangka kumah pawh ram pum sum thawhchhuah aṭanga 20.55% chauh an thawkchhuah ve a. Mithiamte ngaihdan chuan hetianga Mizoram a mi tam ber thawhchhuah a tlêm êm êm mai hi ram economy dinhmun chhiatzia lantîrna leh economy tana ṭha lo tak a ni.

Industry lamah hian lian thama thiltih a awm loh avangin sorkar laipui phei chuan thil siamna hmun tih tham awm lohna ‘no industrial zone’ tiin min ngai hial a. Lung lãk leh leilung hausakna haichhuah leh contractor-te sum hmuh bakah electric, eirawngbawlna gas leh tui pekna aṭanga sum lakluh hi a innghahna tam ber chu a ni awm e. Economic Survey aṭanga a lan dan chuan ‘secondary sector’ ti a vuah hian Mizoram pum sum dehchhuahah 34.21% an thawh ve a ni.

Mizoram mipui-in kum khata an thawhchhuah zawng zawng aṭanga tam ber 45.24% (2024-2025 tangka kumah) thawh (contribute)-tu ‘tertiary/service sector’ hi kum tam tak a thawh tam ber an ni ngar ngar a. Kum 2023-2024 a an thawhchhuah (46.87%) ai-in a thawh zat hi tlêm mah se thawh tam ber nihna hi a la hauh tho a ni. Sorkar hnathawk hi Mizorama cheng zawng zawng aṭanga chhutin 5% ṭhelh (4.99%) a ngaih an ni a. An tãna sum sén leh an thawhchhuah hi kuthnathawk 60-70%-te thawhchhuah ai-in a tam daih a. Hei hi a ṭha lo lai tak chu a ni.

Hei hian Mizoram economy chhiatzia a tilang chiang hle. Sorkar hnathawkin hlawh an lãk loh emaw lãk tlai emaw chuan sa, chawhmeh leh thil dang dang zuarte hian an thil zawrh an hralh hlei thei lo nghal chu a ni mai a. Chhungkaw nitin mamawh mai ni lovin thawmhnaw leh thil dang zawng zawng pawh hralh a harsa vek mai a. Chu bakah sorkarin an vote hmuhna atãn chauha duh a, kuthathawktute a taka a ngaihthah rei tawh avángin kum tam tak chu kan heti tawh a nih hi. Sorkar hnathawk bãkah hian sorkar hná aṭanga chawl tawh (pensioner) te hlawh ringawt pawh hi keini ram ang, state tenua leh sum harsatna namên lo tak hmachhawn tãn chuan phur rit lian tak a tling tawh.

Hei mai hi a la ni lo cheu. Sorkarin hmasawnna hna a thawhna a ai-awha a thawhtir (contractor)-te’n an hnathawh man sum an lãk leh lãk loh hian mipui min nghawng nasa hlê bawk. Hmasawnna hna thawh a awm loh emaw a thawktute’n an thawh man an lãk loh chuan Mizoramah hian pawisa leng vãk hi a tlêm nghãl chawpchilh mai. Pawisa leng vãk a tlém chuan sumdawng tenau aṭanga sumdawng liante thlengin chawp leh-chilh-in an tuar nghal a ni. Hei hi kan ram economy derthawnzia tichiang bertu pakhat a ni awm e.

Kan ram sum ruahman hi ei leh bar/sum leh pai (economy) lama kan dinhmun tilangtu (economic indicator pawimawh tak a ni bawk a. Tun tangka kum lo awm tur (2025-2026 financial year) atana Mizoram sum ruahman hi March ni 4 khan chief minister Pu Lalduhoma chuan assembly-ah a pharh a nih kha. Tangka kum thar atana sum ruahman hi a vai-in cheng vaibelchhe 15,198 leh nuai 76 zet a ni a. A tam viau a a lan lai-in hmasawnna hnathawhna tur atãna sum ruahman chu cheng vaibelchhe 2,658 leh nuai 56 lek a ni a. Budget pumpui aṭanga chhút a 17.49% chauh a ni.

Chutiang a nih lai chuan hmasawnna thawhna tur ni lem lo, sorkar hnathawk hlawh leh pension tawhte hlawhte, sorkar hnathawkte damlo enkawlna senso leh sorkar pisa enkawlna senso (establishment costs) leh a behbawm i ti mai ang, atãna sum ruahman chu cheng veibelchhe 12,540 leh nuai 20 zet a ni thung a. Sum ruahman (budget) pumpui cheng vaibelchhe 15,198 leh nuai 76 aṭanga chhútin 82.51% lai a ni. Hei hi hmasawnna inbuktawk lo (lopsided development) an tih ṭhin chu a ni.

Chiang zawkin han sem sawm ang u hmiang. A kimchang chuan kan tarlang sêng lovang a. Kan thusawi tihfiahna atãn tlêm te tal i tarlang teh ang. Tangka kum thara sum ruahman pumpui cheng vaibelchhe 15,198 leh nuai 76 aṭanga cheng vaibelchhe 4,641 leh nuai 01 chuang chu sorkar hnathawk hlawhah hman a ni dawn a, chu chu sum riahman zawng zawng a 30.54% zet a ni a. Hei hian a la daih lo mai thei. Pension hlawh atan cheng vaibelchhe 2,250 leh nuai 82 zet a ni a, chu chu budget pumpui aṭanga chhutin 14.81% zet a la ni cheu.

Sorkar hnathawk damlo enkawlna senso atana ruahman ngawt pawh hi cheng vaibelchhe 168 leh nuai 61 chuang zet a ni. Hei bãkah hian hmasawnna hna thawhna atan ni lo, budget chungchang sawina a ‘other revenue expenditure’ an tih mai-ah chuan cheng vaibelchhe 1,086 leh nuai 64 chuang zet (7.15%) ruahman a ni a. Sorkar pisa inrelbawlna atan cheng vaibelchhe 116 leh nuai 52 ṭhelh (0.77%) ruahman a ni bawk a ni.

Hei hi kan dinhmun dik tak a nih avángin Mizoram sum leh pai/ei leh bár dinhmun (economy) hi a hrisêl hauh lo tih chu a hma lama kan tárlan aṭangin a lang chiang hle a. Kan sum hman tur ruahman lah hi kum tina kan dinhmun en chuan mipui thleng phak meuh lo a la ni chho ta zel a. Union finance minister-in India ram pum sum hman tur (union budget) a pharh chuan company lian ber bera mawhphurtute, sorkar officer liante leh thil siamchhuahna lama thawktute chu sawi loh lo neitute, rickshaw pute, lumet leh kawng kama thingpui zuar chenin an ngaihven êm êm vek a. A chhan chu an nitin khawsakna a khawih vang a ni.

Mizoram budget hi chuan ngaihventu a nei tlem hle a, MLA te pawhin engemaw sawi a ngaih ve si avang chauhvin an chhiar ve chauh ni mai-in a lang a. Kan fairel bel rawn khawih pha lova kan ngaih miau avangin mipui mimur chuan kan úksák hauh lo thung. Hei hi a lungchhiatthlak ngawt mai. Kuthnathawktute tel lovin buh leh bal leh thlai ei tur hi eng anga hausa pawhin a nei thei lo tih hi hriat a ngai a. Kuthnathawktute’n hlawk zawka hna an thawh theih lohna-ah chuan ram economy a ṭhang tak tak thei lo. Economy hrisel lovin a hrin chu mihausa leh rethei inkar zau zel hi a nih rualin hmasawnna inkhairual lo a thlen bawk.

Hei hi kan ram economy dinhmun dik tak a nih avãngin sorkar hian sorkar hnathawk a tihtlem a a chhawk ṭhen a hun tawh hle a. India ram pumah hian mihring vaibelchhe 140 an awm laiin sorkar hnathawk (sorkar laipui leh state sorkar) vaibelchhe 2 vel an awm a. Mipui tam zawng aṭanga chhútin sorkar hnathawk hi 1.5% ang a ni a. State zingah Nagaland hi sorkar hnathawk nei tam ber a ni a, mipui awm zãt aṭanga chhútin 7% chuang hret an awm a. Bihar te khu chu 1.57% a ni a. Mizoram chu a hma a kan sawi tawh angin 5% thuak a ni. State pachhe tak tãn chuan sorkar hnathawk tam lutuk enkawl hi a hautak lutuk a, Mizoram sorkar hnuai a thawkte phei chu central sorkar hnuai a thawk an tlukpuite ai pawha hlawh sang zawk an awm nual thu ram hruaitute’n tunhma aṭang khan an sawi ṭhin kha.

Túna pawimawh ta ber chu kan kumtina sum hman túr ruahman (budget) a kuthnathawktute (primary/agriculture & allied sector) leh mahni kutkawiha eizawngte tana serh hran telh telh hi a ni a. Kan sorkar hian ‘bana-kaih’ ruahmanna hnuai-ah hian he thil pahnih hi a kalpui mêk a, a lawmawm êm êm rualin hei ai a changtlung leh awmze nei zawka kalpui túra ruahmanna thar zel a dap a ngai dawn. Tuna an kal dan hi chu an sawi lawk ang ‘research-based’ kha a thleng pha lo hle. Inzir finga hei ai a changtlunga an kalpui theih chuan kan kuthnathawkte leh mahni kutkawiha eizawng (entrepreneur)-te’n hlawhtlinna dãr vua-in he ram hian hma a sawn ngei bawk ang.