KAN HMABAK

Kum 1998-a Delhi a kan awm ve lai khan, May thla chawhnu lamah hian nikhat chu khawlum dan tehna-ah Celsius degree 45.67 a ni a. Kha kha kum 50 chhunga May thla chhunga khawlum ni ber a la ni, an ti a. Tun hnaiah hi chuan May thla thlen hma, April thlaah pawh degree 46 te a kai chho ta fo mai an ti ta a. Chutih lai chuan Nagpur khawpui-ah chuan Celsius degree 49 te a kai chho an ti. Degree 49-50 chinah hi chuan sikul pawh khar vek tur a ni.

Mizoramah pawh khawlum sawt zia hi kan hre vek mai a. Rual-u te phei chuan an naupan’ lai leh tuna kan khaw awmdan danglam tak zia hi hahip a sawi tur an nei ngei ang. Keini naupan’ lai pawh a (ti ve khanglang ila) a hun chat chat a lo thleng thin, ruahthimpui, siruk-la leh nikir ruahte kha tunah chuan hunbi a nei tawh lova. A lo thlen leh thlen loh pawh kan hre meuh tawh lo chu a nih hi. Kan calendar a kan thla hming thleng a thlak danglam a ngai mai ang tih hlauhawm khawp a ni ta.

Kan pi leh pute kha thlawhhma la a eizawn’ leh a behbawm bak eitur dap dan dang nei lo (agrarian society) an nih avangin, ruahtui tlak hun tur bakah a tam leh a tlem tur thleng kha an hrilh lawk thei a, kha kha an innghahna pui ber a ni bawk. Tunah hian thlawhhma lak a hlawk loh tak em avang, leh a aia hlawk zawk, reilote chhunga dinhmun siam lawih theihna a tam tawh avangin, sik-leh-sa danglam hian min khawih vak tawh lo niin kan hre ta a ni awm e. Mahse, hei hi a dik lova, kan ngaihdan hi kan thlak loh chuan he ram hi chenna tlak loh a ni thuai ang.

Helam ngaihventute’n an sawi dan chuan, India ramah hian kum 10 vel kal ta chhung khan kawngpui sialna leh zauh hna thawh avang ringawt pawhin thingkung vaibelchhe 10 vel kih thluk a ni a. Chutiang a nih lai chuan sorkar emaw pawl emaw hian hemi chhung hian thingtiak vaibelchhe khat tak ngial pawh phun belh a ni si lo niin an sawi. Chumi-in a hrin chu a kum tel a khawlum zual zel hi a ni.

Mizoramah pawh hian khua a lum chak zia chu a hmalamah kan sawi thuak tawh a. Directorate of Information and Publicity-in an note-bu tereuh te tihchhuahah chuan Mizoram sik-leh-sa dinhmun hi an ziak a, chutah chuan Mizoram sik-leh-sa chu thlasikah Celsius degree 11 leh 21 inkar a ni a, nipui-ah degree 20 leh 30 inkar a ni tiin chiang takin an ziak a ni.

Hei hi a nih laiin kum 2019 May ni 13-ah khan Celsius degree 36 a kai chho ta a, hemi kum hian ni 22 chhung zet chu Celsius degree 33 leh a chunglam a ni a. Kuminah pawh hian April thla chawhnu lamah chuan Celsius degree 32 te a hawlh chho leh hman a nih kha. May thla kan hmang chho tan a, ruahtui a tlak zeuh zeuh avangin a lum zualpui chu a zia-awm leh thin a, ruahtui tla lova a awm zawn rei chuan lum namen lovin a lum hman zel tawh a ni.

Kan dinhmun hi hetiang a nih tak nachhan chu, khawvel pum a lum tak telh telh (global warming) vang leh, sik-leh-sa inthlak (climate change) nghawng a ni tih chu kan hre vek a. Chutih rualin a kum telin kan ram thing kan suat a, ramngaw kan nei tlem telh telh a, thing kan phun belh ve te pawh damkhawchhuak a tam lo hle a, hei hian harsatna namenlo min siam mek a, chu harsatna chu keimahni insiam a ni a, a tuartu pawh kan ni mek a nih hi.

India State of Forest Report (ISFR), 2019 a a landan chuan Mizoram kilometer 21,081 a zau-ah hian, thing awmna ngaw (forest cover) hi kilometer 18,005.51 a zau a awm a, chu chu a state pum atanga chhutin 85.41% zet chu a ni. Mahse, kan dinhmun diktak bihchian chuan a lungawithlak lem loh hle. Ngaw chhah tak tak, kum tam tak leng kan tih ang chi kha a tlem tawh em em a, kan ramngaw neihchhun hi ngaw tih tlak a ruai a awm tawh meuh lo.

ISFR 2019-a an tarlan dan chuan, Mizoram leilung a km 157.05 bial (0.74%) chauh hi ramngaw dur tak tak kan tih thin (very dense forest) a ni a. Ramngaw chhah vak lo (moderately dense forest) hi km 5,800.75 (27.52%) a ni a; a dang thing awmna ve satliah ang chi ngaw (open forest) chu km 12,047.51 (57.15%) a ni a. A tak takah chuan ramngaw dur tia han sawi tham tur ram hi kan nei zim tawh hle a ni. Kum 2017-a ISFR report chhuah hnu khan kum 2 chhung lekin Mizorama ramngaw hi km 189.49 bial zetin a tlem hman zu nia!

Kan ramngaw a lo chereu tak zel chhan hi, tlangram lo neih vang a ni vek kher lo. Tlangram lo neih kan tih mai (jhumming – slash and burn way of shifting cultivation) hi keini tlang mite eizawnna neihchhun ber a nih miau avangin chuti thut a tihtawp theih pawh a ni lova. Vahchap hal dawn a meilam sial leh, ramngaw kangkai lo tura fimkhur erawh a tul hle. Chumi piahah chuan ninhlei thil a ram tikang ta mai mai, mawl leh sual kawp mihring hi kan la tam em em mai a, a lungchhiatthlak ngawt mai.

Thlawhhma lak vanga ramngaw vah hi chu chhungkaw eizawnna thil a ni a, nasa tak a sawisel hleih theih pawh a ni chiah lo. Sorkar lamin a tluk emaw a aia hlawk tur emaw thawh tur dang a dapsak thei a nih si loh chuan, na tak a ti lo tur a nawr chi pawh a ni hek lo. Ramngaw tichereu nasa lo deuh zawng a tunlai thiamna hmang tangkai a hmasawntir erawh chu duhthusam a ni ang chu. Chumi atan chuan kan Agriculture department hian nasa lehzual a tan a lak a ngai.

Chumi rualin tihkan’ nasat deuh ram neitu VC-te hi sorkar hian na takin dan angin hrem ngam se, hmasawnna lamah pawh hrek sela. Tlangram lo neih rau rau pawh hi kumtin a insuan zel lova, mahni thlawhhma neih nawn zui zel theih dan te hi chu mahni puala kum 50 zet sorkar hrang kan neih ve tak hnu hi chuan, kan sorkar rawih mithiamte hian hmuchhuak ve tawh awm tak chu an ni mawle. Mahse, leilet leh phaizawl chin chung deuhva leilet chhawng (terrace) siam piah lamah hian, tlangram lo neih tihchangtlun a tihhmasawn lamah hi chuan kan la hnufual thlawt a ni.

Kan ramngaw chereu zel hian sik-leh-sa inthlak leh khawlum zual zel a thlen rualin, kan tuihna pawh a kam chak ta hle a. Thalah mipuiin tui harsatna namenlo kan tawk chho ta mek zel a nih hi. Kan luidung kam tawn tawn a thing dingte kih chereu zel a nih miau avangin, fur ruahtui tla lo khawltu thing leh a zung a awm loh avangin lui tui a tlem phah ta zel a. Kan tlan ngei luite pawh a kum telin a kam chho ta a, kan tuar nasa telh telh dawn pawhin a lang.

Mizoramah hian lei hnuai tui (underground water) hi kan la hmang nasa lova, tun anga kan lui tui a kam zel si chuan kan hman loh theih loh hun a la thleng ang. Kum engemawzat a liam hnu chuan lei hnuai tui pawh kan la hmang zo leh mai lovang tih sawi theih a ni lo. Tunah pawh hian chhungkaw tam tak chuan lei verhin tui an la chhuak a, an ei leh in bakah sum siamna atan an hmang mek tawh a ni.

Ramngaw tichhe zawnga hetianga kan chet reng hian a hrin tha lo tak pakhat chu, fur a leimin nasa hi a ni. Leilung tham nghettu thingzung a awm lohna hmun apianga leimin a tam a, chu chuan kan lei chunglang, thlai chinna atana lei tha em em kha a lenbo bawk a, a chhe zawng hlirin kan ram hi a nghawng a ni. Mite chuan leimin venna atan thing an phun thin a, chutiang zawnga tha kan thawh ve pawh hi a hun hle tawh a ni.

Kar hmasa lawk khan kan kawmthlanga sava hram ri ngaihnawm tak chu, an che vel mit ngei a hmuh tumin ka zu dak a. Thingkung hniam te-ah hian an lo fu a, an lo hram nasa mai a. Ka rilru khawihtu zawk tak erawh chu, chu thinghnuai a naupang pathum lo awm chu an ni. Sava kha engtinmah tihnat an tum lo tih an hmelah a lang a. Keini naupan’ mawl lai kha chu nise sairawkherh nen kan veh nghal ngei ngei ang. Tunlai naupang tam ber chuan nungcha hlutna an hre ta a, a lawmawm takzet a ni.

Mahse, Forest department leh YMA te’n nungcha humhalh chungchanga mipuite hnena kum tam zirtirna an pek tawh hnu, CYMA pawhin kum engemawzat nungcha humhalh kum an lo puan tawh hnu a kan dinhmun hi a lungawithlak loh hle. Naupang chhia pawh ni lo, puitling ni tawh a, silai manto leh tha pui pui nena sava la veh ching kan tam lutuk te, sorkar ramsa humhalh kah ching kan la tam te hi chu a zahthlak ngawt mai. Tunah chuan ramhnuai a ramsa kah ngai lovin ranvulh kan thiam tawh a, chutih tawh hnu a puitling ni si, mawl lutuk kan la ngah hi a lungchhiatthlak a ni.

Sava kan suat tam avangin zawngtah kung leh mihring mamawh thei kung (fruit tree) kan phun tam tak hi a ngetin a eichhe zel a, a tlo tawh lo. Kan ninhlei leh mawl hi kan tuar mek a, kan la tuar dawn chauh a ni. Tihchhiat mai mai theih loh khawpa an sawi thin Mizoram a kan thing leh mau te kan tihchereu nasat lutuk avang leh, kan ramngaw leh mihring depa cheng nungcha kan suat nasat man hi chu kan chawi mek a nih hi.

Kan ram kan tihchereu nasat tawh luat avanga kawng hrang hranga kan tawrh mek hi inben­harhna atan hmang ila. Kan hmabaka tawrh harsa khawp khawlum zual zel te, a lova kan awm theih loh, kan tuihna kang chho zel avanga kan tawrhnate leh Siamtu remruatna pela kan thiltih zawng zawng hi tihtawp a hun ta hle mai. Tun atanga tan a ngai a ni. Chuti lo chu keimahni tihchhiat ngei hian keimahni hi min la tichhe dawn a ni.