MARK TWAIN-A INTIHHLUM TUM THU

American ziaktu ropui Mark Twain-a kha a kawng zawhah hlawhtling mai bik lo a. A thil tihah a hlawhchham a, a thuziak a hralh thei bawk si lo. Intihhlumte pawh a lo tum titih hial ṭhin a ni awm e.

Lehkhabu tam takah Twain-a chu mahni inringtawk leh nun pawm thiam tak leh hringnun hmachhawn thiam tak angin an tar lang ṭhin a. 1865-66 chhunga Mark Twain-a erawh kha chu mi dang daih a ni a tih theih awm e. “Mark Twain-a chuan a luah pistol a chuktuah ren rawn hman a, a hmet puak ta em lo a, a dah a, pen a hum ta zawk a…” tite pawhin chung hun laia a rilru puthmang chu an ziak hial a ni.

Heng hun lai hian San Francisco khawpuiah a cheng a. Ni tin chanchinbu pakhat, ‘Territorial Enterprise,’ chanchinbuah column a nei a, kar khatah ni ruk chhung column a ziak ṭhin a, thuziak pakhat chu thumal 2,000 zela tam a ni. Thla khatah Dollar 100 a hlawh ṭhin. Sum leh paiah a harsa em em mai a. A bungraw neih vete pawh pawh a ba rulh nan a hralh ṭeuh tawh a ni. Kum 1865 chuan a unaupa hnenah lehkha a thawn a, chuta a lehkhathawn thuziahah pawh chuan a beidawnna chu a hmuh theih tawh a ni: “Thla thum chhunga ka ba ka tlak theih loh chuan, tur in emaw, pistola inkah hlum emaw ka hmabak chu a ni mai,” a tihial a ni. A intihhlum tak tak ṭep hial nain, a rilru a thlak leh ta a. Engin nge a rilru thlaktir tih chu sawi dan chi hrang hrang a awm a. Sawi dan pakhatah chuan, lungalhthei man ba ṭhinna a dawng a. An ba ṭhin chu a tlem tehlul nen, a ṭhinna thu chu an ziak dangdai em mai a, a chhiar nawn hial a ni awm e. Mihring nun inkawlkalh tak chu a ngaihtuah phaha, a nui suk a, a pistol a dah ṭha ta zawk a ni, tiin an sawi. Sawi dan dang lehah chuan, pistol a han inchuk tuah ran ran khan, chutianga inkahhlum mai chu a dawihzep thlak riauin a hre thut a, a dah leh ta zawk a ni tih a ni bawk. A enga pawh chu ni se, kha thuziaktu ropui tak mai khan San Franscisco-ah khan hun thim leh khawhar thlak tak a lo tawngin, a lo paltlang a ni tih erawh kan hre thei a ni.

Hemi intihhlum hial a duh rum rumna aṭanga a tal chhuah chiah hian, a hlawhtlinna liam tham hmasa chu a tawng ta a. A thawnthu tawi pakhat, nuihzatthlak zet mai “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” tih chu 18th November, 1865 khan The New York Saturday Press chanchinbu-in an tihchhuahsak a. He chanchinbu hi kar tin chhuak thu leh hla chanchinbu a ni a. Hemi a thawnthu tawi a han chhuah chiah hian, a rawn lar chhuak ta a. A hawikir leh tawh lo.

Mark Twain-a chanchin ziahna, “Mark Twain: A Biography” - Albert Bigelow Paine- a ziahah pawh sum leh paia a harsatna leh San Francisco-a a awm laia a rilru lam dinhmun hi kan hmu thei a. Bigelow-a hian Twain-a chanchin hi a ziak chikim ang reng khawp mai. "The Bohemians: Mark Twain and the San Francisco Writers Who Reinvented American Literature" tih Ben Tarnoff-a ziahah pawh San Francisco-a awm lai boruak hi kan hmu a. Ziak mi dang awmvete nena an inkawm ṭhin dan leh heng ziak lama a inhmanna hun hmasa lama a thil tawn ten a thu leh hlaa nghawng an neih len dante a ziak a ni. Mark Twain-a khan harsatna lian tak a tawk a, a hneh a, mi hlawhtling zawk a lo ni ta a ni tih kan hmu a ni.

Mark Twain-a hun thim ber chanchin kan sawi tak aṭang hian eng nge zir tur kan neih?

1. Tawrhchhelna: Kan tluk a, kan tlak a, kan tliah tawh hnua tho chhuak leh thei tura paukhauhna neih hi a pawimawh a ni. Chutiang nei lo chu tu mah kan awm lo a. Kan nei lo emaw tih palh a awm thei ang, mahse, kan nei vek. Kan hai chhuah ve a ngai a ni.

2. A hlimawm lai hmuh thiam: Kan thil tawn thim takah a hlimawm lai hmuh thiam hian, kan rilru a tiharhin, thlir dan min thlaktir thei a ni.

3. Ṭang hram hram rawh: Beidawnna leh manganna tawpah pawh, thutlukna siam rup mai a, tih duh ngai loh tur ti lo turin, ṭang hram hram la, beisei loh vanneihna kawngka a rawn inhawng fo a ni.

4. Hlimna hote: Thil ho tak anga lang lungalhthei ba ṭhinna thuziakin, mi lungngai Twain-a a tinui a, a rilru a thlaktir angin, thil hote anga langin min ti nuiin, kan rilru leh tum ṭha lo min thlaktir thei a ni.

5. Rilru hriselna: Kan nunah harsatna tawkin kan rilru lam hriselna a nghawng ṭhin a, chu rilru lama harsatna tihkian hna chu ngaih pawimawh tur a ni.

6. Inbunruahna ṭangkai: A harsatna leh a rilru hahna ata Twain-a a tal chhuahna bul chu thuziak a ni. Thuziak, hla phuah, zai, thil siam leh thil dang hmangin kan suangtuahna a taka chantira inbun ruah hi a ṭha a ni.

7. Beisei loh kawng: Kan hlawhtlinna kawng hi kan beisei loh kawng te pawh a ni daih thei a. Kan beisei loh hunah te pawh hlawhtlinna hi a lo thleng fo. Hlawhtling tura tha thlah lo a, tih fan fan erawh a ṭul a ni.

8.Mi tin hian hlutna kan nei: Twain-a ang bawkin, thil ṭangkai thawk chhuak a, siam chhuakin, kan nun hi kan hmang ve thei. Tih theih kan neih ṭheuh a, hlutna kan nei ṭheuh a ni.

9. Beiseina: Twain-a chanchin kan sawi tak aṭanga thil pawimawh tak lo lang ta chu, eng ang pawhin thimin min bawm mah se, hlimna ni a lo la her chhuak thei a, hlawhtlinna pawh kil khatah a lo la awm reng ṭhin a ni tih hi.

Mark Twain-a hi Mizoten kan hriatna langsar tak chu PL Liandinga lehlin, ‘The Adventures of Tom Sawyer’ tih kha a ni awm e. Tom Sawyer thawnthu hi a ziak nual a. Ziah puitlin loh a ngah thung. The adventures of Tom Sawyer bakah hian, Tom Sawyer Abroad leh Tom Sawyer Detective tih novel a ziak puitling. A kut chhuakteah chuan zir mite chuan, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn an dah sang ber thung. The Prince and The Pauper tih pawh kha Mizo ṭawnga lehlin a ni a, Lal Fapa leh kut dawh naupang tih a ni. Kan sawi takte bakah hian kut chhuak dang tam tak a nei a ni. Kum 1835 a piang a ni a, 1910 khan a thi. A fanu pathum- Susy Clemens, Clara Clemens te leh Jean Clemens te chuan mi hriat an hlawh pha ve a ni. Clara chiah hian fa a nei a, Nina a ni a, ani hi fa nei loin 1966 khan a thi.

Mark Twain-a chanchin ka ziah lai hian, hla pakhat, ‘Joy comes in the morning,’ tih kha ka hre chhuak a. Joy Gardner-i te, Jesse Jackson leh mi dangte sak ṭhin kha a ni. Ka ngaithla ta hial nghe nghe a. ‘Nghak hram hram la, hlimni a lo chhuak dawn a lawm’ tihna a ni deuh mai a. Sam 30:5 a tlar hnuhnung pahnih behchhan khan he hla hi phuah a ni. Khami thu kha , “Zânah mittui nên mu mah ila, Zîngah lâwmna a lo thleng ṭhîn.” tih a nih kha.

Sam 30:5 thu hi heti hian han zir zui leh lawk ila:

1. Harsatna/tawrhna hi a kum hlun lo: ‘Zan’ hi metaphor a ni a, harsatna leh tawrhna aiawha hman a ni. Zan chu a ral leh mai angin, harsatna leh tawrhna hi a liam mai dawn a ni tih min hrilh a ni.

2. Hlimna leh bulṭan tharna lo thleng tur: ‘Zan’ ang bawkin ‘Zing’ hi metphor tho a ni a. Lawmna, hlimna, hlawhtlinna leh adt aiawhtu a ni. Harsatna tawk mah ila, a lo kiang ang a, lawmna ni kan la tawng dawn a ni tih Sam 30:5 hian min hrilh a. Min fuih a ni.

3. Mihring rilru puthmang inthlak kual: ‘Mittui’ tih te, ‘Lawmna’ tihte hi mihring rilru puthmang (Emotional state) a ni a. Chung chu a inthlak kual a ni tih kan hmu a. Lungngai ṭhin mah ila, lawmni a lo thleng dawn tih kan hmu thei a ni.

4. Fuihna leh thlamuanna: He Bible chang hi mi tam tak chuan mahni infuihna leh inthlamuanna atan an hmang ṭhin a, keini tan pawh a hluin a ṭangkai hle thei a ni.

Joy comes in the Morning tih hlaah khan han kir leh ta ila. Bill Gaither-a leh Gloria Gaither-i te nupa phuah dun a ni. Mahni nuna harsatna tawk mekte tan fuihna hla ṭha leh thlamuanna thuchah hlu tak a ni. Mizo ṭawngin han dah chhuak ila, chu chuan kan thu hi ka han khar ang e:

I nun zawng zawng i pekna thil keh darhin,

Rilru na leh thinlung kehsawmin i kun em?

Lungaihna, hrehawmna, natna te tuar hmasa ber i ni lo a nia,

Engkim chunga thuneitu chuan ruahpui a han huna ni eng mawi chhuahtir a tiam asin.

Ka nau, ṭang hram hram la, lawmna chu zing ni engin a rawn chhuahpui ang,

Mittuiin a bual zan khua lo’ng che, ṭang hram hram la,

Thim a zual chuan khawvar a hnai ṭhin a,

Zing eng mawiah hlimna a lo thleng ṭhin.

Tih theih loh titura Pathiana i rinna i nghah a,

I hriat chian loh thil hmachhawn tura A mah i rin a,

Khawvel thil ral leh mai thei te aia chatuan daih thil i thlan chuan

Chu ngei chu Pathianin hlimna i chhhar dan tur a ruahmansak che chu a ni.