1991 part 3

1991-a India sawrkar thar inrem chhoh dan kan sawi tawh a. An hmalak chhoh dan kan sawi chhunzawm dawn a ni.

Finance Minister atana lak luh a nih hnu lawkah, June ni 24, 1991 khan Manmohan Singh-a chuan Central sawrkar hnuaia hna lian tak tak thawk mi 12 chu, Finance Ministry pindan te tak teah ko khawmin, siam ṭhatna chungchang a sawi pui a, anni chuan Liberalization chu an duh lo hle. Manmohan-a chuan, "Kan ti ngei ngei dawn a. Tih ngei ngeina turin Prime Minister-in thuneihna pumhlum min pe a ni. Hemi kan kawng zawh rual kal ve harsa ti tur chuan sawi rawh u. In tihtur dang kan zawng mai ang," a ti hmiah mai.

Hemi ni vek hian, Narasimha Rao chuan Eptu Pawl hruaitu liante a mal malin a kawm vek a, PM hlui Chandra Sekhar-a hun a lo thlen dawn chuan, amah Rao-a zawk hian a va hmu nghe nghe a ni. Chumi tukah chuan, Opposition hruaitu chak pahnih, VP Singh-a leh Jaswant Singh-a te chu, PM leh Finance Minister te chuan an titipui leh a,India ram economy dinhmun chhiatzia fiah takin an hrilh a. Chuti em ema chhia chu a ni tih pawh anni chuan an lo hre lo.

Sawrkar thar chuan harsatna namenlo a tawk a, India ram chu chhe rup thei, buai nuaih nuaih thei a ni. FOREX reserve-ah kar hnih daih chiah, bungraw lak luhna atana pek tur sum a nei tawh a. Chumi piah lamah chuan, India ramin a sum pukte a rul thei tawh dawn lo a ni. Chu thil chu a zahthlak em em a ni. Narasimha Rao-a hian, kum 2004 a NDTV progarmme pakhat Walk the talk-ah pawh, "India-in a zahawmnaa hloh dawn a...Chu chu a rapthlak lutuk a ni," tiin a sawi. Hetianga India-in sum lama nasa taka harsatna a tawh chhan hi kawng lian tak tak pathum a awm a. A chhan bulpui ber chu, Nehruvian Socialism kha a ni a. Chu chuan nget angin India ram chu a ei char char mai a ni. Tuna a chhan pathum ka han sawi tur hi chu, 1991 a Lok Sabha Term 10-na sawrkarin harsatna a han tawh chiamna chhan kha a ni a.

A chhan pakhat chu, 1990-a Gulf War vang kha a ni. Khami khan Oil man chu a let thum dawrhin a tisang a. Middle East-a India mi hnathawkte hnena aṭanga India rama sum lo lut chu a tlahniam dawrh mai a ni.

A chhan Pahnihna chu, New Delhi Politics mumal lo lutuk vangin, ram danga awm Indian-ho chuan, April-June 1991 chhung khan, US Dollar Million 900 zet chu, India ram aṭangin an withdrew a ni.

A dang leh chu, Rajiv Gandhi sawrkar laia short term loan an puk nasa lutuk kha a ni a. Chu chu, 1991-ah khan a rulh a lo hun tawh a ni.

Chutiang khawvel chu Narasimha Rao-a sawrkar thar chuan a hmachhawn ta a. An dinhmun dik tak chu Opposition hruaitute tlang takin a hrilh hmiah mai a nih chu.

Prime Minister, House-a majority pawh nei loin, Opposition leader ho bula thuruk a han sawi ngam leh a sawi duh hi pui tak a ni. Vinay Satapati chuan, "A finthlak turuin, a thilphal thlak chungchuang a ni," tiin a ziak hial. India ram chuan dinhmun harsa tak a tawk a, hotute chuan phakarna leh game danglam khel loin hma an la deuh mawp mawp mai a ni. Rao-a hian, thil pahnih erawh, Opposition lam hi a hrilh duh lo; India pawisa hlutna an ti hniam ang a, ram dang aṭanga pawisa pukna turin India ram rangkachak te chu an dahkham dawn bawk a ni, tih chu.

Pawisa hlutna tih hniam

Siam ṭhatna kawnga hma an han lak chhoh dawn tak tak chuan, India pawisa hlutna tih hniam tumna chu an hna hmasa bera hman an tum a. Chumi kawngah chuan, dodalna an tawk nasa hle. US Dollar nena chhuta a hlutna tihhniam phawt loh chuan, Foreign Investor ho an phur lo a. Exports-ah pawh harsatna a siam sak a, IMF pawhin, India sawrkar thar chuan a ti tak zet a ni tih tichiangtu atan, India pawisa hlutna tih hniam phawt chu a phut tlat a ni. IMF kan tih mai hi International Monetary Fund a ni a, khawvel ram hrang hrangte thawhhona a ni a, khawvel sum leh pai dinhmun ngel ngehna atana hmalatu a ni a, a mamawhtu ramte hnenah sum a puk tir ṭhin bawk.

Mahse, Pawisa hlutna an tihhniam phawt chuan, ram chhungah dodalna tam tak a tawk dawn tih a inhria a. A chhan chu, pawisa hlutnaah chuan, hnam zahawmna thui tak a awm ngaih a nih ṭhin vang a ni. Kum 1966 Khan Indira Gandhi pawhin Pawisa hlutna a lo titlahniam tawh a. Chutah chuan, Indira Gandhi chuan sawiselna leh harsatna tam tak a tawh phah a. Chu chu Rao-a hian a hre ve reng a ni.

Rao-a chu Pawisa hlutna tihniam lo tura nawrna nasa tak a tawk a. Left Intellectual ho phei chuan an nawr nasa. Nikhil Chakravarty-a te phei chu amah nawr nasa zualtu a ni. Nikhil Chakravarty hi Journalist ropui a ni a. Mainstream chanchinbu bulṭantu a ni a, Padma Bushan a dawng nghe nghe. Amaherawhchu, Manmohan Singh-a ngaih danah chuan, Pawisa hlutna tih hniam chu, "Loh theih loh a ni," tih a ni bur si a. Manmohan-a ngaih dan chu kal tlangpui a, a lama ṭan tlat chu Rao-a thutlukna a ni. Pawisa tih hniam duhlotute bum nan Pawisa tih hniamna chu Faith Accompli angin an kalpui a. Faith Accompli tih hi ka han hmang lui kher a. Faith Accompli tih chu, Political tactic chi khat a ni a, Administration tactic te pawh a ni tho. "A hma daiha thutlukna lo siam tawh leh tihfel tawh, tihfel a nih vek tawh hnua puan chhuah chauh thil, a dodal tute pawhin dodal ngaihna awm tawh lo. Pawm mai loh chu duhthlan tur an nei tawh lo"- hei hi faith Accompli chu a ni.

Hemi hmanna chang an han hria te hi Prime Minister Rao-a finna thukzia a lang chiang hle a ni. Economic harsatna a zu hre chiang em em a, huaisen taka siam thatna kalpui thiam a ṭulzia a hria a. Chumi kawnga an harsatna tawh tur leh Political Problem hrang hrang te leh a Politician puite rilru puthmang thlenga a hriat chianzia tichiangtu a ni. Ram siam danglam tur hi chuan hetiang mi hi an ṭul ṭhin a ni.

Hemi thu hi cabinet pawhin an hre lo a. Rao-a leh Manmohan-a chauhin an hria a ni. June ni 20, 1991 a lakluh sawrkar khan, 1991 July nikhatah Pawisa hlutna an han tihniam nghal a. Sawrkar dinhmun der thawng sa tak maiin hetianga hma an han la hmiah maite hi an tuma an chianzia a lang fiah hle. Tunlai ṭawngkam takin, Honeymoon pawh hmang loin, mutmu tuah loin hna an thawk nghal char char a nih chu. A hma lamah khan, Rao-a chu a hriselna a tla hniam a. Heart attack a nei hrep tawh a. Politics-a chawl deuh roh a nih hnua PM rawn ni leh thut a nih thu kan sawi tawh a. A hriselna te aia dah pawimawh zawk a nei tihna a nih chu.

7-9 percent inkar chauhin Pawisa hlutna hi an tihniam a. Indira Gandhi khan, kum 1966 a pawisa hlutna a tih hniam khan, 57.4 Percent-in a tihniam a ni. Chu hmalakna chu media chuan an fak a. Opposition lam an thinrim tak zet a. Ama Party mi te ngei pawh an thinrim a, boruak a sang hle a ni.

Rao-a chuan, devaluation chung changah finance Ministry aṭangin a cabinet te hmaa chhiar chhuah tur thu thawn turin a ti a. "Kan tih loh chuan, July thla lai hawl chuan, kan mualpho vek a ni mai," tih chiah chu, Deepak Nayyar-an a rawn thawn a, chu chu a chhiar chhuak ta a ni. Deepak Nayyar-a hi hetih laia Finance Ministry-a chief Economic Adviser a ni a, Oxford aṭanga Economics-a doctoral degree la a ni.

Pawisa hlutna tihhniam ṭum hnihna tur chu a awm leh dawn tiin titi ruk a han awm a. Political Pressure a sang ta lutuk a. Rao-a meuh pawhin, tih rih loh mai a duh hial a, July ni 3 chu Pawisa hlutna tihhniam ṭum hnihna ni tura an ruahman ni a ni a. Manmohan-an, RBI deputy Governor C. Rangarajan-a chu, la ti rih lo tura a va phone chuan, ani chuan, "Ka puang der tawh mai" a lo ti ta si a. A ṭum hnihnaah hian, 20 Pc a tih hniam a ni. Manmohan Singh chuan, "Ka bang mai ange" a ti a. Prime Minister chuan a phal ta hlek lo a. "A mawh chu ka chungah tla rawh se" a lo ti bur mai si a. Manmohan-a pawh chu a bang ta lo a. "Ka lamah a ṭang tlat a ni," tiin Manmohan Singh-a chuan a sawi. Hei hi hruaitu ṭha ze ropui tak chu a ni awm e. Thutlukna pawimawh tak siam a, bawhzui bawk a, a nghawng chu eng pawh ni se, dinna ngaia din ngamna leh thlawp tur leh ṭan tlattur mihring ṭan ngamna hi. Siam ṭhatna thlen tur pawhin chu chu a ṭul a ni.

Prime Minister chu a lamah a ṭang tlat a, thil a kal fuh loh chuan, amah chu a bang hreh dawn hauh lo tih a hriat chuan, Manmohan-a chu a phur thar leh ta a. India rama mi thiam leh mi thei ber ber chu, PM hnenah chuan, Post pawimawha ruat turin a rawn a. PM pawhin Manmohan-a rawtna ang hian a kalpui chho ta bawk a ni.

India ram economy-ah hian State intervention a nasa em em a, 1991 hmalamah kha chuan daidanna leh thil hrang hrang a tam em em a, zalen takin sumdawnna a kalpui theih ṭhin lo a. India pawisa hlutna an han tihhniam takah chuan, a hmaa export subsidy leh Cash Compensatory Scheme an lo hman te chu a lo ṭul ta lo a. Chu mi tih tawpna chu Montek Singh-a leh P. Chidambaram-a chuan, Manmohan-a hnenah an thlen a. Chu chu July ni 3 zan a ni a. Chumi aṭanga darkar 12 ral hmain, Export subsidy leh CCS te chu tih bo a lo ni ta a ni. Mi mal sumdawng te, ram chhung leh ram pawna mi te chu zalen takin India-ah an sumdawng chho thei dawn ta a ni.

Politics-ah erawh chuan, chutiang thil thlak danglamna chuan, Rao-a chu phur rit nasa tak a phurhtir a, Party hrang hrang aṭang leh Official aṭang pawhin duh lohna a nasa hle. 1991 July ni 9 khan, heng reform ṭulzia thute hi sawiin, thiam takin sawiselna te chu a beng per a. An harsatna lian hmasa chu a dah bo thei ta a. Siam ṭhatna kawng hmasa ber Pawisa hlutna July ni 1 leh Ni 3-ah an tihniam a, July ni 9 chuan a buaina ken tel te nen an ching fel thei ta a ni.

Kan dam chuan, kar lehah kan chhunzawm leh ang.