1991 part 4

Vawiinah chuan India ram siam ṭhatna tura kailawn pawimawh em em mai, Industrial Policy an duan leh kalpui dan chungchang kan sawi tawh dawn a ni.

1991-a Rao-a hoa Congress sawrkar a lo din leh hma a, National Front Sawrkar khan, Industrial Policy thar tur duan chhin sa an lo nei sa tawh a. Draft bak chu a pel hman lo. Kan sawi thui hmain, industrial policy siam ṭhatna tumna a lo awm tawh dan hi han sawi hmasa phawt ila.

Indira Gandhi hunlai khan industrial policy siam ṭhat duhna rilru a lo awm deuh tawh a, an kalpui tak tak ngam lo thung. Rajiv Gandhi khan he lam a han hawi leh deuh na a, buaina neuh neuh a awm chhoh avangin a rilru a pe lo chho bawk a. 1988 a ni a, Rajiv Gandhi-an siam ṭhatna hna a kalpui ngam loh hnuah, Priceton aṭanga Economics zir chhuak Rakesh Mohan-an Ministry of Industry chu economic advisor niin a zawm a. Industrial policy thar tur pawh a ruhrel chu a buatsaih ta a. Sawrkar a inthlak tak avangin Rakesh Mohan-a ngaihtuahna pawh thil dangah hman leh a ngai ta rih a. Sawrkar tharah 1990 chuan, industry minister thar Ajit Singh-a chuan Rakesh Mohan-a chu Amar nath Verma (chutih laia Industry Secretary) nena License Raj tihtawpna tur policy duang turin a ti a. Thla rei lo teah an duang zo a, ram tidanglam dawrh thei khawp an duang chhuak a. Pawlitik inbeihna karah a tak a chang zo ta chuang rih lo a ni. Hemi hnu hian sawrkar a tlu leh a, a hnuah Rao-a sawrkar kha a lo ding ta a ni.

Janata Dal, Telugu Desam Party (TDP), Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), Asom Gana Parishad (AGP) leh party te nau neuh neuh khan 1988-ah ṭangrual pawl an din a. 1989 inthlanpui kha an hmachhawn ho a ni. Pawn lam aṭangin BJP leh CPI(M) thlawpna nen VP Singh-a hoin sawrkar an siam a. An sawrkar chhung hian Mandal Commission rawtna kha a takin an kalpui hman a. Thla 11 chauh an sawrkar a, November 1991 khan an sawrkar hi a tlu ta mai a. Rath Yatra avanga LK Advani man tura VP Singh-a thutlukna kha an sawrkar tluk chhan lian ber a ni awm e. Mandal Commission avangin upper caste lam an lungawi lo nasa bawk a. A sawrkarin a tuar dawn tih hre reng chunga LK Advani man tura thutlukna siamtu VP Singh-a hi a fakawm hle a ni. Tichuan, 1990 November thla khan BJP chuan VP Singh-a sawrkar an thlawpna chu an hnuk dawk ta a. Chumi hnuah, Chandra Sekhar-a kaihhruaina hnuaiah sawrkar thar a lo piang a, Congress-in an thlawp ve ta thung a ni. November 10, 1990 aṭangin an sawrkar hi an ṭan ve leh a, Congress-in an thlawpna an hnuh dawh avangin March ni 6, 1991 khan a bang a, an sawrkar chu a tlu leh ta a ni.

Chutiang teh nuaih a nih avang chuan, Lok Sabha inthlanpui chu buatsaih a lo ngai leh ta a. Chhawng thumin buatsaih a ni a:

Chhawng khatna: May 20, 1991

Chhawng hnihna: June 12, 1991

Chhawng thumna: June 15, 1991

May thla chhunga inthlan hi zawh hman an tum nain, May 21, 1991-a Rajiv Gandhi thah a nih avangin, inthlan d^n an siam rem ta a ni.

Inthlan result a han chhuak a, Indian National Congress (INC)chuan PV Narasimha Rao-a hoin sawrkar an siam thei ta a, an sawrkar siam tirh a, India ram siam ṭha tura an hmalakna te chu kan sawi chhoh mek hi a ni.

1991-a Rao-a sawrkar khan, National Front sawrkar industrial policy draft awmsa chu a la leh nghal chat ta a. Chumi draft awmsa behchhan chuan, industrial policy thar tur ruahmanna chu, Industry Minister a nihna angin PV Narasimha Rao-a chuan siam turin, hma a lakpui ta a. A hma lamah khan, hnathawh tak tak a duh avangin, industry minister-ah amah a indah tih kan sawi tawh kha.

Principal secretary Amar Nath Varma chu chak taka hma la turin a hrilh a, ani chuan, industry secretary Suresh Mathur, leh Rakesh Mohan leh Jairam Ramesh-a te chu a ko a. Anni ho chuan, uluk takin industrial policy thar duang turin draft awmsa chu an han ching let ta a. July ni 2-a Sawrkar lak luh a nih khan, hma an la nghal a. Draft lo awmsa chu, industrial policy ṭha takah July 7, 1991 khan an chhuah nghal thei der a ni. Ni nga chhung lekin an zo hman a, an thawkrim hle ang tih a hriat theih a ni.

He draft hi Prime Minister hian a lo zir chiang nasa hle a, a ziah belhin, a thai rang nasa hle a ni. July ni 7-a Amar Nath Verma leh a ṭhianten, Policy thar an lo peih sa chu, a hma a mi an hman lai aṭanga thil danglam/thil thar an siam belh te chungchang chu amah hrilh fiah turin, Jairam Ramesh-a chu a ti a. Hei hi a chhan chu, Congress Party hruaitute lo hrilh fiah lawk a duh a ni.

July ni 8 chawhnu lam chuan, Phek nga a chhah Industrial Policy chungchang hrilhfiahna chuan PM kut a thleng a. Ni 9-ah Congress Parliamentary Party inhmuhkhawmnaah, PM hian industrial policy thar hi a sawi fiah ta a ni. A kim chuan a sawi fiah duh lo a, a chhan chu, Opposition ho chu, thawm nei thei lo tura siam a duh vang a ni.

July ni 15, 1991 a nih chuan, Rao-a hian Parliament-ah Vote of Confidence a hmachhawn nghal der mai a. Kar hnih emaw chauhah, a sawrkar paih thlak tumna a hmachhawn nghal der a nih chu. Hemi ṭumah hian, party tin chu an ideology te Ram leh hnam tana te dah ṭha rih turin a ngen a. Sanskrit thufing pakhat, “Chhiat vek ai chuan, mi fing chuan a ngaih dan ni chiah lo pawh a pawm rih ṭhin,” tih sawiin, a sawrkar chu a chhan thei a ni.

Hemi ni chawhnu vek hian, Cabinet Meeting an nei a. Cabinet chu, industrial policy tharah chuan an hmin lo khawp a. A bikin, ML Fortedar leh Arjun Singh an hmin lo zual. Kum 1991 hian, Makhan Lal Forteder-a hi Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare Minister a ni a. Arjun Singh-a hian Human Resources Development Ministry a chang thung. Hemi meeting hma hian, Rao-a hian, a secretary RK Khandekhar-a chu Arjun Singh-a chu a policy ṭhatna sawipuia lo hmin tum turin a lo tir tawh a ni.

Cabinet chu an lungawi theih loh avangin siam ṭhat leh nise an ti a. Rao-a hian thiam takin, a ruangam chu a danglam loh nan hma a la a. Thuhmahruai thui zet mai, Congress Party, Nehru leh Indira Gandhi te thu lo tuipui chungchang a belhtir a, July ni 23, 1991-ah Cabinet chuan, Policy siam rem chu an thlir leh a, Cabinet hel lutuk pawh an hmin der mai.

Hemi ni chawhnu vek hian, Congress Working Commitee (CWC)an ṭhu leh a. Hetah pawh hian, thiam takin, kum 1969-a Indira Gandhi Policy ai chuan, 1956-a Nehru a Policy ngaih pawimawhna zawk a ni ve mai tih thu sawiin, Prime Minister chuan, Nehru-a te Pafa thuah duhthlan tur a pe ta hleuh a. An party chuan, public sector an la ngai pawimawhin an la ring tawk tih a sawi tel bawk a ni. A dawtah, Finance Minister chuan thu a sawi ve thung a, a pu (Rao-a) hnen atṭngin a lo inzir thiam hman bawk a, kum 1991-a an party manifesto-ah chuan, industrial policy thar tur chi a lo intuh daih tawh a ni, tih a sawi ve bawk a. Chutiang erawh a ni hauh lo a, congress hotute rilru hminna atan an sawi pial kual mai mai zawk a ni. CWC meeting chu an putu chuan an hmin leh ta der mai a ni. Meeting banah hian, Arjun Singh-a chuan, Manmohan-a hnenah chuan, "Dr. Singh, keini ai chuan, Manifesto i lo chhiar uluk daih mai," a ti nghe nghe a ni.

An ruahmanna chu a hlawhtling a. Industrial policy thar chu, India chuan a nei ta der mai. Hei hi India ram Economy chhanchhuahna kawnga thil pawimawh lutuk a ni.

Rakesh Mohan-a chuan, "Vawi tam tak industrial policy kan lo duangin kan lo ziak tawh a, Politics lama a thuneituten an tuipui loh a, an ṭan tlat ṭhin loh avangin eng a ang thei lo, 1991-a industrial policy lo awm theihna atana Rao-a hnathawh hi a ropui hle a ni," tiin a sawi nghe nghe. Hei hi ram dinhmun siam danglam kan duh chuan kan hre reng tur a ni ang. Eng ang pawhin policy ṭha siam ila, kan bawhzui loh a, a taka kan kalpui loh chuang, eng mah kan thleng ngai lo ang. Policy ṭha, dan ṭha, ruahmanna ṭha chu siam tur. A taka kalpui ngam leh kalpui duh mihring an awm a ngai a ni. Chutiang mi chuan, khawvelah danglamna an siam ṭhin a, an ram chu dinhmun sang zawkah an hlang kai ṭhin a ni.

Industrial policy thar hi, Manmohan Singh-a chuan, sawrkar thar Budget Speech hmasa berah tel se a duh na a, telh a ni ta lo a. 1991 Budget pharh ni, July ni 24, 1991 zing karah industrial policy thar hi puan chhuah a ni ta a ni.

He industrial policy-a thil pawimawh zual te hi hetiang hian lo khaikhawm ta ila:-

-Liberalization: Sumdawn phalna nei tura sumdawng/sumdawn duhten harsatna lian an neih ṭhin, a tih dan khirh em em kha an tidanglam a.Private firm te tan awlsam takin sumdawnna a kalpui theih ta.

-Globalization: Indian economy chu khawvel bazarpui nen thlun zawmin, ram dangin India ramah sum an peipung thei ta.

-Privatization: Sawrkar enkawl company te chu mahnia sumzawng turin an tichho ṭan.

-FDI Reforms: Ram pawn aṭanga sumdawnna kawnga sum an rawn thawh tur (Foreign Direct Investment-FDI) zat an phal tlem viau ṭhin kha, an phal zat nasa takin an tipung.

-Trade Policy: Sumdawnna lama chhiah lak tihniamin, kawng danga harsatna thlen thei thil pawh a paih bo.

- Financial Reforms: Bank leh capital markets te a tichak.

-Tax Reforms: Sumdawnna ṭhan duanna tura pui thei tur zawngin Chhiah lak dah mumal zawk a siam.

-Modernization: India ram industry te chu tun lai hmanrua nena hmalam pan a, khawvel hmun dang industry te el thei turin a tichangkang.

Kan dam chuan kar lehah kan chhunzawm leh ang.