Lal Isua Chanchin Hi Shakespeare-a Ziah Ni Ta Se...

Khawvela mi chanchin an sawi tawh zawng zawngah hian, Nazareth Isua chanchin tluka lungchhiatthlak, phatsanna, ropuina leh nunrawnna inpawlhna; mihring thinlung khawih danglam hneh hi a awm leh tawh ngai lo ang. He chanchin hi khawvela lemchan thawnthu ziah thiam ber mai, William Shakespeare-a khan lo ziak ta ni se, engtin tak ziak ang maw!

Shakespeare-a hian mihring thinlung chhehvel- lalna leh thihna, inhmelmakna leh hmangaihna hi fiah takin a lo phiar belhbawm ṭhin a. Lal Isua chanchin hi lemchan thawnthu angin lo ziak se, khawvel lemchan thawnthu lungchhiat thlak ber leh ropui ber a ni ngei ang.

Shakespeare-a thawnthu lungchhiat thlak (tragedy) te hian kalphung thuhmun deuh bik an nei tlangpui: Mi ropui tak, mize bik nei mi chungchuang tak chu a hma bakah khuanu ruat (fate) leh mihring mize ṭha lo te hnathawh nghawng tlukna chu a chhawpsak ṭhin. Ama mizia ngeia tlin lohna lai bik emaw, chetsualna pawi tak (hamartia) a neih avangin emaw a tawpah chhiatna nasa tak (catastrophe) a tawk ta thin a ni. Chu chhiatna rual chuan eng emaw hriat fiahna thuk tak (anagnorisis) a nei ziah thung. A tawpah chuan, chhairtute/thlirtute thinlung chhunga buai chu lo veng hawk(catharsis) ṭhin.

Isua chanchin kan en hian, he Shakepeare-a thawnthu inrem dan kalhmang nen hian in hne rem thlap mai a ni.

- Pho chhuahna (Exposition): Isua baptisma chan te, a rawngbawl tanna hmasate, leh a thilmak tihte khân a ropuizia a rawn a tar lang.

- Buaina Intham Chho (Rising Action): A zirtirnate khan larin ngaihhlut a hlawh chho hle a, mahse, thuneitu lam erawh chuan an lo thikin, an lo huat phah thung.

- A vawrtawp (Climax): Jerusalem khuaa ropui taka a luh kha a ni a; hei hi thil ropui langsar tak a nih rualin, a hmelmate chawk thotu lian tak a tling.

- Chhiatna Lam Pan (Falling Action): Juda’n a phatsan chhoh te, Pilata hmaa a inlan te, leh a zirtirte tlanchhiat tak nuai kha a ni.

- Chhiatna rapthlak(Catastrophe): Krawsah khenbeha awmin, kalsan a nih thu au chhuahpuiin a thlarau a thlah.

- Thinlung Tlenfaina (Catharsis): Shakespeare-a thawnthu kalphung nen erawh a inang lo thung; Isua chanchina chhiatna leh beidawnna awm kha a thawhlehna (resurrection) hmanga thlak thleng a ni a, beidawnna kha beiseina nungah a rawn chang ta zawk a ni.

Shakespeare-a thawnthu a bik takin Hamlet-a te leh Macbeth-a te mizia kan thlir chuan, mi fing chungchuang, tum sang leh mi huaisen tak an ni tlangpui ṭhin. Chutiang bawkin Isua pawh hi mi naran lo leh mi ropui tak a ni a; mahse, khawvel lallukhum khum vanga ropui a ni lo a, nungchang mawi leh thlarau lam thuneihna sang tak a neih vanga ropui a ni zawk. A finna te, a khawngaihna leh lainatna thinlung te, a thilmak tihte, leh mi a hip theih bikna te khan mihring pangngai chung lamah a hlang kai daih a ni. Lemchan thawnthu phuah kalphung (dramatic terms) a thlir chuan, Hamlet-a leh Julius Caesar-a te nena khaikhin chi a ni a—mipui mimir lakah chuan a lar phah hle a, mahse thuneitu liante erawh chuan an hlau hle thung.

Hamlet-a ang chiahin, Isua chuan mihring rilru leh chhungril hi hriain a hmu tlang vek a; a hun laia khawtlang nungchang ṭha lo leh mi vertherna te kha huai takin a sawisel ṭhin. Tin, Caesar-a ang bawkin, a ropuina leh huhang kha, thuneitu hlunte tan chuan an thuneihna siksawi thei lian tak angin a lang tlat a; thuneitute khan an phiar tak chhan pawh a ni- amah kha ngaihthah theih a ni tlat.

Shakespeare-a tragical world-ah chuan, pawn lam aṭanga dodalna leh buaina lo thleng hian changtupa tlukna kawng kha siam ngil zualin, a tawpna kawngah a hruai chak leh zual ṭhin a ni. Isua rawngbawlna khawvel pawh kha chu tiang chiah chu a ni. Khawvel lakah a zirtirna chu a hrang em em a—hmelmate hmangaih tur, ngaihdamna tawp nei lo, leh retheite leh Hnuchhawnte ngaihsak te sawi a. A hun laia hotu liante kha a rawn hmachhawn a; mihring inthlei bik lohna (inclusion), inngaihdamna, leh Pathian rorelna dik tak chungchang a zirtirna danglam tak hmang khan a rawn cho a ni. Chutiang a zirtirna nung tak chuan rethei, tla tlum lo, leh mi hnawl tawhte kha a hip khawm nasa hle a, mahse puithiam lal te leh thunietute erawhin amah an huat phah thung. Macbeth khan khawvel lalna leh thuneihna a duh avangin tualthah hial pawh a hreh lo a; Isua erawh chuan khawvel lalna zawng zawng Setan-a’n a hmaah chhawp hnai mah se, tluk luh a hnehin a hnawl ṭhak a. Khatiang mizia kha chu sorkar hotute leh mi thiltitheite tan chuan hlauhawm tak a ni. Lal King Lear-a khan ram a hruai lai khan a fanute dawt sawi leh an ṭawngkam thlum tak kha a lo awih a, thu dik sawitu a farnu a hnawl a. Isua pawh kha thuneitu hotute khan a thudik sawi zawng zawng khan an haw zawk hlauh a, dawt thuhretute hmang khan kraws-ah khenbeh turin an nawr liam ta zawk a nih kha. Julius Caesar thah a nih khan a thah chhan tak chu mipui tan, ram tan a ṭha zawk tiin amah phiartu pawlte khan an sawi a. Isua thih dawn pawh khan Puithiam Lal Kaiafa khan, Mi zawng zawng thiha aia mi pakhat thih hi a ṭha zawk, tiin mipuite hmaah dik lo taka an hremna kha a lo sawi mawi tawh hrim hrim bawk.

Tragedy ziahna kawngah chuan Shakespeare-a thil kalpui dan ber chu hamartia, changtupa tluk chhiatna chhan, a miziaa thil fel lo a neih hi a ni ṭhin. Entir nan, Othello-a tlukchhiatna chu a thikna- a rinhlelh hma vang a ni a, Macbeth-a chu a duhâmna-a ambitious lutuk vang a ni a, Hamlet-a chu a chet chhuah tlai vang a ni. Isua chanchinah hian sual leh tlin lohna a awm ve lo tih hi ringtute rinna a ni a, mahse, Shakespeare-a darthlalang kan hun chuan, a tluk chhiatna thlentu chu tlin lohna a nei lo - a mize ṭha lutuk kha khawvelin a tlin loh vang a ni tiin kan sawi thei ang. Isua kha a dik a, a ṭha famkim a, tu mah a hlau lo a, a ṭul a nih chuan tu mah a dim lo bawk a. Kha thinlung nghet lutuk, a nuna ṭhat lohna reng reng awm lo kha khawvel mite tan chuan amah huatna tham a tling a, tihhlum duh phahna tling a ni.

Mihring tling lote a ring tlat bawk a. King Lear-a’n a fanute a ring a, a tisual ang khan, Isua pawh hian amah hre thiam tak tak lotu, a hnua tlansan leh phat mai tur zirtir sawm pahnih a ring a, an zinga a rinzual nia a lang Gethesemani-a a hruai bik te pawhin a mutthilh san leh mai mai a. Amah phatsantu tur Juda Iskariot-a pawh kha hre lawk sa vekin a hruai tlat a, amah hektuah ṭangin a thih pha ta a nih kha.

Tawpna tur pana kal tlatna kha a awm leh a. Macbeth-a pawhin a tawpna tur hre reng chung khan, a ambitious em avangin, a tawpah a chhe dawn tih inhre chungin, chu kawng chu a zawh lui tlat. Isua erawh chuan a tawpna tur- kraws chunga thihna turah khan, Gethsemane huanah khan nasa taka ṭawngṭaiin, thlan thi ang hiala far khawpa lungngai mah se “He no hian mi pel lul rawh se, mahse keia thu ni loin nangma thu ni zawk rawh se,” tia a tawpna tur ruatah chuan a inhlan a ni.

Shakespeare-a lemchan tilungchhiatthlaktu chu phatsanna a ni. Othello laka Iago-a chet dan te, Julius Caesar chunga Brutus-a awm dante hian lung a tichhia. Lal Isua chanchinah phei chuan phatsanna thuk hle mai. A ṭhian hnai, a sum enkawltu Iskariota ngei mai khan tangka sawmthum lekin a hmelmate hnenah fawp chungin a hralh a. Chu mai a la ni lo, a zirtirte zinga hotu ber tur anga ngaih Peter-a khan hmeichhe pakhat hmaah, kha mihring kha ka hre ngai lo, tiin chhe chhamin a phat zui bawk. Pilata hmaah a ding leh a. Pilata chu thu dik leh mahni hna chelhzelna duhna inkarah a ding. Lungkham lian tak nei a, a rilru buai nuaih mai. Mipui fuihpawrh tawkte kha, Barabba chhuah la, Isua kha chu kraws-ah kheng bet rawh tiin an au rual dual dual a. He rorelna dik lo leh fuihpawrh awlsam mipuite zia hi Julius Caesar thawnthua Brutus-a te pawl leh Mark Antony-a’n mipui rilru an hruai her dawrh dawrhna nen khan a inrem hle!

Classical tragedy -ah chuan, a changtupa chhiatna leh tlukna chu thihnain a tawp ṭhin a; hemi thihna a thlen hian a nuna thil kal fuh lo tam tak hre chhuak mah se, a tlai tawh si avangin a nun hlu tak chu eng mah lo maiin uiawm takin liam ta ṭhin a ni. Isua krawsa thihna pawh hian he ziarang hi a zui a: a hmelmate nuihsawhna karah khan, kraws chungah na tuar tlawk tlawkin, kalsan daih nia inhriatna lungchhiatthlak tak (“Ka Pathian, ka Pathian, engah nge min kalsan?”) a nei. A thihna ropui leh zahawm tak hian Hamlet-a thih dawna a hmelma pa nena an inbeihna te, Macbeth-a’n khuarel tawpna a beih letna leh, King Lear-a’n a fanu Cordelia-i thi suna a ṭah vawng vawngna te kha min hriat chhuahtir a ni.

Chuvangin, krawsa Isua khenbeh a nihna hmun kha Shakespeare-a thawnthu-a a chhiatna vawrtawp (catastrophe) thlenna hmun nen khan a thuhmun a—he khawvel diklohna lian ber leh mihring nun tlachhiain a nghawng chu kan hmu a ni-mi famkim kha an kheng bet miau a. Mahse, tragedy thawnthu dang, a tawpa ṭul hauh loa mi ruang tlar dul ṭhinna nen erawh a inang lo; Isua thihna hi chu mihringte sual tlanna leh chhandamna hmanrua (redemptive) ni zawk tura ruahman a ni.

Hetah tak hian a ni Shakespeare-a thawnthu leh Lal Isua chanchin chu a inṭhen hran tak ni. Shakespeare-a tragedy-ah chuan changtupa a thih khan a tawp a ni mai. Hamlet-a a thi a, Denmark ram chu tur hmanga hrai ang maiin a buai a; Caesar-a thih khan Rome khawpui chu buai takin a awm a. Lear-a lah khan ram keh chhia leh hruaitu nei lo a kalsan bawk. Mahse, Isua erawh chuan a zirtir leh a hnungzuitute chu a thuchah leh a zirtirna te chu khawvel hmun tina theh darh turin mawhphurhna (commission) pein a kalsan thung a ni. Chuvangin, a chanchin tawpna hian beidawnna aiin thlarau leh nun thar neihna (renewal) zawk a rawn thlen a ni.

Nunna a bo ta a, mi ropui te an heu a, chhiatna maiin thawnthu a tawp ṭhin. Isua chanchin erawh chu thihnaah khan a tawp ve tlat lo. Ni thumnaah thlan thim chu hawngin a rawn nung leh ta tlat mai! He Thawhlehna hian Shakespearean tragedy kalhmang zawng zawng kha a rawn khum ta vek a ni. Isua thawhlehna hian kraws chunga lungngaihna leh mualphona kha lawmna leh chhandamna hlaah a rawn chantir a. Chuvangin, he chanchin hi ziah ni ta se, a bul ṭanna leh a kalhmang chu tragedy thim ber ni mah se, a tawpna erawh Pathian ruahmanna ropui berin a vawr tawp a thlenna, Divine Comedy a ni tlat a ni.

Lal Isua chanchin hi William Shakespeare-a khan lo ziak ta se, khawvel hriat khawpa kutchhuak lungrun leh ropuiah chhuah ngei ang! Isua nunah hian Shakespeare-a tragedy thawnthu kalhmang leh a pianzia (form) chu kan hmu ngei mai. Mahse a tawpna leh a tum erawh chu a inlet thawk thung a ni. Amah chu mi ropui leh zahawm (noble hero), phatsatna leh elrelna karah pawh ding tlat a ni a; mahse, a nungchanga dik lo awm avanga tlu chhia ni loin, a ṭhat famkim avang zawk leh a ze ṭha leh dik aṭanga tawlh sawn duh miah lohna vang zawkin a thi ta a ni. A mizia chak lohna awm miah loh zawk kha a chak lohna (flaw)a ni hlauh zawk a – thutaka din tlatna, khawngaihnaa a khahna, mi tling lo leh tlaktlai lo te a kuah tlatna leh a tawpah chuan ama tana khuanu ruat (destiny) ngei pawh a pawm a, a pan zawk kha a ni. Kraws chunga a thihna kha chhiatna vawrtawp (catastrophe) thlenna chu ni ngei mah se, a thawhlehna khan chu thawnthu lungchhiatthlak tak chu lawmna leh danglamna sang berah a rawn thlak ta thung a ni.

Chuvangin, Isua hi Shakespeare-a thawnthu a changtupa anga kan thlir dawn chuan, a kalhmang inanna kan hmuh rualin, a danglamna thuk tak kan hmu nghal bawk: a nunah chuan Shakespearan tragedy kawng zawh kim mah se a tawpah erawh chuan chuta ta chu a kal chhun zawm a, ṭahna leh lungngaihna chu hlimna leh lawmnaah a chantir ta zawk a ni. Shakespeare-a thawnthu te hian mihringte chu anmahni tlin lohna leh thil tih sual (flaws) vangin an boral ṭhin tih min hmuhtir a; Isua chanchin erawh chuan he khawvel nunrawng takin nun sawiselbo (perfection) a tihchhiat thu kan hmu a- chu chu khawvel tlanna leh chhandamna hnar a lo ni ta a, khawvel thawnthu lungchhiat thlak ber kha khawvel beiseina mawi berah a chang ta a ni. Isua chanchinah chuan tragedy chu chhandamna hla mawi takah a lo chang a- Min dintu Pathian leh khawvel mihring ze intawhna drama ropui ber kan hmu a ni.