DEATH OF THE AUTHOR

Vawiina kan chhiar tur hi, chhiar a hma hauhin kan ngaina lo nghal mai thei a. Uluk taka chhiar chhuak turin han inngen hmasa ta ila a ṭha awm e. Lehkha chhiar leh ngaihthlak kawngah pawh hma kan sawnna tur a nih ka beisei.

Literary Theory leh criticism lamah Mizote hi kan ṭhang ve zel a. Kan lut thuk chho zel a. A zirna lamah pawh tun hma ai chuan, kan zir thukin kan zir zau zel bawk. Chutih rual chuan, mi tam zawkin, kan la zir thuk tawk loh avangte pawh a ni ang a, kan ral khat hriat ruai ruai a. Darthlalang paw chuai kara thil hmu ang deuh hi kan la ni a. Hma kan sawn ve zel turah ngai ila. Literary theory han tihte leh Criticism tihte hi a nihna ang ang hian kan hmang ve rih mai dawn a. Literary theory hi thu leh hla zirchianna atana thul (Mizo thil dah ṭhatna ang kha) pawimawh a ni ti ta mai ila, kan ṭhelh lutuk lo ang chu maw! Entirna tawite han sawi ila; Sap hoin ram hrang hrang an awp a, an awp lai khan thu ziah dan leh chanchin sawi dan bik an nei a. A hunlaia an ram awpte pawhin chutiang chu an zui ve mai a. Chumi rawn chhan letna leh paihthlakna thuziak chu kum zabi 20-na chawhnu lam aṭangin a rawn lar ve leh thung a. Sap ho hunlaia mite thuziak leh an nihphung kha, colonialism/ theory/ writing a ni mai a, chumi chhan letna rawn lar ta ho kha, a hlawma sawi dawn chuan Post-conial/ ism/ theory/ writing a ni ve leh mai. Thuziak kalphung leh hawi zawng, tih dan inang kha, kho khatah an khung khawm a, an zir chiang ṭhin a, chung chu hming bik an pe leh hlawm a. Chutiang chuan, Literary Theory kan tih mai ang ho hi kan lo nei ta hlawm a ni. Kan hmun neihin a tlin loh avangin sawifiah thui lo ila, a nihphung kan hriat fiah theihnan a mawl thei ang berin kan han sawi a ni. Criticism chu thu leh hla zirchian a, thlifim a, teh a, mi dangte hriatthiam tura sawi chhuah lehna hi a ni, ti ngawt mai bawk ila.

Literary theory-a kan sawi tam tak hi, subject dang nen pawha inzulna nei a tam mai a. Thu leh hla lama inhmangte chu kan inchhiar zau ve sauh sauh pawh a ṭul ang. Thu leh hla lama ngaih dan kan hriat thar pakhat chu, a ngaih dan hi kum 50 vel lai khawvel hmun dangah chuan hre tawh mah sela, keini chuan kan hre ve ṭan dawn ek ek a, ‘Death of The Author’ tih hi a ni. Roland Barthes-a thuziak a ni. A sawi tum hi kan man fuh tawk lohna te pawh a awm ṭhinin ka hria a. Tawitein han sawi ve tum ila. Literary theory emaw, Criticism lam hrim hrim hi Mizo ṭawng hian kan ngah lo a. Mizo ṭawnga sawi fiah thiam te pawh a har ve deuh bawk te pawh a ni ang.

Roland Barthes-a thuziakah chuan, "The Death of the Author" hi a lar ber hial mai thei a. Kum 1967-a a ziah kha a ni a. Thuziaka a ziaktu leh a chhiartu pawimawhna chungchang a chai a ni, ti ta ila, a thu khaikhawmna atan chuan a tawi fel ber mai awm e. Amah Barthes-a hi French mi a ni a, Literary theory lama mi thiam, Philosopher leh Critic a ni a. 1915 khan a piang a, 1980 khan a thi. 1957-a a tihchhuah, a thuziak chilhkhawm Mythologies kha a lar pui ber awm e. Tuna kan sawi mekah hian Thu leh hla thlitfimna lama an lo kal pui dan leh an tih ṭhan dan a rawn sawiselin, ngaih dan thar a rawn vawrh a ni ber mai.

‘The Death of The Author’ essay bulṭanna paragraph hmasa pahnih hi a Mizo ṭawngin han tarlang ila:

“Balzac-a khan, a thawnthu Sarra­sine-ah khan, Castrato-a hmeichhia anga a inchei thu kha sawiin, hemi thu hi a ziak a: ‘Hei chu amah nutling ngei kha a ni a, hotea a hlauh leh chiai chiamna te, chhan leh vang mumal awm loa a rilru a thlak thutna te, a mangan mai ṭhinna te, thu hnu dawn lem loa thil a tawn pawpna te, thil ṭul em em lo vei chiamnate, leh mi dang a ngaihsak thiam em emna te chu. Heta thusawitu hi tu ber nge? A thawnthua changtupa ber, Castrato chu hmeichhia anga inchei a ni tih an la hre lo chhunzawm zel nge?

Nge, Amah Balzac a liau liau, hmeichhe finthuril a tawnhriatin a ngaihtuah chhuah tir? Nge, Balzac-a lehkha ziaktuin hmeichhiatna/nu na chungchanga a ‘thu leh hla’/ ngaihdan a tarlanna? Nge, mi tin pawm tlan finna ve hrim hrim? Roman­tic psychology? A engah­mah kan hre ngai lo ang, a chhan chu, thu kan ziah hian, a bul ṭantu aw hi kan thai chhe sa hrim hrim a ni. Thuziak chu, mual zawl, tu ta bik mah ni lo, thil chi hrang hrang awm khawmna, thil chiang beng bawng awm kher lohna, thil dangin a nihna engkim a hloh a, thuziak chu thuziak a nih maina hmun a ni.

A thuziak chhung thu ngei tawite kan han tarlan aṭang pawhin, a hawi zawng tur chu a hriat ruai ruai awm e.

Roland Barthes-a a sawi ber chu, thuziaktu khan ama thuziak chhung thu (a phena thil a tarlan duh etc)-ah khan thuneihna tawp (sovereignty) a nei lo a, chu thuneihna tawp neitu chu thuziak lo chhiartu zawk kha a ni a, a lo chhiartuin kha thuziak a lo hriatthiam dan leh a hrilhfiah dan kha a pawimawh ber a ni tihna ni. Thuziak kan han chhiar hian, Barthes-a chuan, a ziaktu hian engemaw a sawi tum le tih hi kan ngaituah tur a ni lo a, khami thuah khan engnge maw a sawi tum le? tih kan inzawt zawk tur a ni a ti. Thuziakah hian, a phena thil inphum nei thu (Symbol) te a awm ṭhin a, chutiang lo hriat fiah, hriatthiam hna chu a chhiartute mawhphurhna a ni. Thuziak hna (function) ber chu chhiar tur a nihna hi a ni a, chuvangin, a ziaktu leh a ziah dan boruak hi a pawimawh ber lo a ni, Barthes-a chuan a ti a ni.

"The death of the author" awmzia chu, thuziak kan han chhiar emaw, hla kan han ngaihthlak emaw hian, khang thu leh hla tein a sawi tum, an awmzia kha a hma aṭanga lo inphum sa, kan zu lak chhuah emaw, zu hai chhuah mai tur lam emaw ni loin, kan han chhiar paha a awmzia leh a sawi tum kha kan chhar chhoh zel zawk khaa nih dan tur a ni, tih lam a ni zawk. Hla pawh a ngaithlatu a zirin, an rilruah a thawh dan a inang lo. Chu chu a phuahtu lam ngaihtuah miah loa an ngaihthlakin a ni. Thuziak ṭha tak tak ṭhenkhat hi, a ziaktu hre miah loin chhiar ila, a ziaktu hriaa kan chhiar nen chuan keimahnia a thawh dan a inang dawn lo a ni. A ziaktu hian, engnge a sawi tum ang aw, tih lam hi chhut loin, a thuziak kha chhiar ngar ngar ila, khami thuziak kan zu chhiar aṭanga keimahnia a thawh dan leh kan hriat­thiam dan, kan sawifiah dana kha a pawimawh lai chu a ni. Chu chu Barthes-a pawhin a sawi ber a ni.

Barthes-a hian death of the author-a han tih hian, a chhiartuin a duh ang ang awmzia a lo bel satliah tawp a phal sak lo a, lehkha kan han chhiar hian, keimahnia khami thu kha rilru lama kan lo ziah ve emaw, kan lo ziah ṭhat ve, kan lo ennawn ve kha a phut tel a ni.

Barthes-a "The Death of the Author" hi, Traditional literary criticism- a ziaktu sawitum, a awmze bul (original meaning) zawn nasat lutuk ṭhinna a rawn beih/ ṭhiah/ṭhelhna a ni. A essay paragraph hnu­hung berah khan heti hian a ti a ni, "Classic criticism chuan, chhiartu hi a ngaihsak ngaih lo hrim hrim a, a ziaktu chauh hi Litetature-a mihring awm chhun a ni. "Barthes-a hian, a ziaktu sawi tum (Author oriented approach) hriatna aiin, a thuziakin a sawi tum (text oriented approach) hriatna lama kan ngaihtuahna seng a, thuziak leh a chhiartu inkar en zawk turin min ti a ni. Hetiang a nih chuan, kha thuziak kha sawi fiah leh sawi zau kawngah kan zalen zawk daih dawn tihna a ni.

Mi tam takin an hriat fuh loh ṭhin chu, Death of the author han sawi hian, a ziaktu dah bo ngawt mai hi an thluk a. A ziaktu dah bo lam aiin, a ziaktu kha, a thuziak (art)-ah a zu luang rual a, amah lak hran tur a awm tawh chuang lo tihna a ni mah zawk. A ziaktu thihnaa a chhiartu a lo pian vena laia hi Barthes-a sawi tum ber chu a ni. A chhiartu a thu ber.

Barthes-a sawi ang ang hi pawm chi a ni ang em? Novel miin an lo ziak a, hrethiam tak tak tur chuan, a ziah hun lai boruak hi a pawimawh ve fo. Pride and Prejudice novel hi miin chhiar sela, Lydia kha Pu Wickham-a nena an tlan dun thu kha an hmu ang a. Lydia khan, Pu Wickhama kha a inruk tir a nih kha. Tunlai hunah chuan, Bennet chhungkaw thinrimna ang kha a ho kan ti viau mai thei. A hunlaia hmeichhe dinhmun leh, hmingchhiat an hlauhna zawng zawng nena hriat tel erawh chuan, kan ngaih dan a dang daih ang. A ziahna boruak leh a hunlai te, a ziaktu nun hi a pawimawh lo fai vek lo. Lehkha ziak reng reng hi, a ziaktuin tum an nei fo. A ziaktu tum ngaih pawimawh miah lohna chuan, a thuziak kan hriatthiamna kawngah kan mit a ti del ve fo thei ang. A chhiar­tu­in a duh anga a awmzia a lo bel a, ama hriatthiam dan mila a lo hrilhfiah rikngawt chuan, thuziaktu tam takin an thuziak tam tak an ziah chhan tam tak hi a hlawhchhamah a ngaih ve theih bawk dawn lo’m ni?

Tin, a ziaktu dah bo hmak hi a theih tak tak loh fo. Thuziaktu tin hian, ziah dan bik, tih ṭhan dan an nei. Ṭawngkam hman bik an nei a, thumal an hman daih zai thiam dan pawh a inchen lo. ‘Literechar’, ‘Laibari,’ tihte thuziaka i hmuh chuan, L. Keivom ziah a ni tih i hre thei ang. ‘Vaihna Varṭian’, ‘London aṭanga neihdawn’ tih ang chi deuha thumal remkhawm i hmuh chuan, Mafaa i hmu ang a, amah an nih loh chuan, a ziah dan anga ziah tum i hmu ang. Thumal a piang thar reng a, ziaktu tam tak chuan, thumal thar an chher ve bawk. Shakespeare-a khan, thumal 1770 vel a chher a, Milton-a khan 600 aia tam a chher. Dickens-a khan 11 vel a chher niin an sawi a, Boredom tih hi Dickens-a chher a ni. Thuziaktute hian zia bik an nei. Lalhmingliana Saiawi leh C. Thuamluaia thuziak tumahin kan hriat pawlh lo ang. Classical Music ngaithla ila, Bach-a leh Beethoven kan hriat pawlh lo ang. Rokunga hla thluk leh Vankhama hla thluk pawh kan hriat pawlh lo ang. Thuziaktute hian zia bik an nei a, an thuziak kan chhiar chuan, anmahniah kan let leh lo thei lo. Thuziak leh a ziaktu ṭhen hran hi thil harsa tak a ni.

Engpawh nise, Roland Barthes-a Death of The author thuziak hi, thuziak pawimawh, a hun laia ngaih dan rawn su hertu bawihtu a ni a. Ngaih dan thar pawimawh tak a rawn vawrh chhuak a, he a thuziaka a ngaih dan, a thupui vawrh tam tak hi Critical Pedagogy-ah zirbingna lamah pawh an hmang ṭangkai em em a ni. Kan sawi tak angin, Thu leh hla lama hma kan sawnna tur chuan, literary theory lamte kan hriat tam a, kan hriat chian a, kan hriat bel deuh deuh hi a ṭul. Criticism lama kan ṭhanna tur hi kan ngai pawimawh tial tial a ṭul bawk. Chu chu, kan hnam thu leh hla ṭhanna tur a ni. Thu leh hla lama kan ṭhan dan ang zelin kan hnam pawh a ṭhang ve bawk ang.