JOHN HAMPDEN-A LALBER PAWH A DIKLOHNA HRILH NGAM

Britain ram chanchin hian inphamar zatin kum 1000 chuang a awh tawh a. Lal rorelna hnuaiah an kun reng loh hun lai a awm a. Engtik emaw lai khan, republic an lo ni ve tawh ṭhin a. Tuna an lal neih dan pawh hi a hming mai a chauh a ni tawh reng reng tho. Political Science lam thiam hoin an sawi ṭhin dan angin, tunah hian, ‘Parliamentary democracy’ hmangtu ram an ni mek a ni.

Britain ram hi parliamentary democracy an nihna tura thil pawimawh tak chu, an tual chhung indona kha a ni a. Chutah chuan, John Hampden-a khan dinhmun pawimawh tak a luah a. Ani kha chu a principle-ah ding nghet tlatin, Lalber pawh a diklohna a hrilh ngam a ni. Amah leh mi dang palite lalin man a tum avangin, England rama tualchhung indona kha a lo chhuak ta a ni.

British lal, a lu an tan sak tak Charles I lal lai khan Parliament member a ni. Chutihlai chuan, Parliament thuchhuak angin tuifinriat kama awm khuate hnenah lalin lawng chhiah a khawn ṭhin a. Mahse, Charles-a duham lutuk chuan ama thuin khawpui mite zingah pawh a khawn ta zel a.

John Hampden-a an va khawn ve ṭum chuan a lo pe duh ta hauh lo a, “Parliament thu lovin he chhiah hi a khawn theih em ni?” a lo tih khum hrep mai a ni. Hemi avang leh chhan dang avangin, England ramah chuan buaina hrang hrang a inmung a. A tawpah chuan, MP dang palite nen lalin man a tum a, parliament te a va luh chilh a. A unaupa Cromwell-a ho khan, Lal eptu lamah an ṭang a. Charles-I te nen chuan an indo ta a, a thih phah ta hial mai. Amaherawhchu, he John Hampden-a huaisenna avang hian British Parliament thuneihna chu a lo pungin a insawhnghet ta deuh deuh a. Mipuite hnena zalenna ropui tak thlentu ‘English-ho zalenna siamtu’ tia vuah a lo ni ta hial a ni. Chipchiar deuh zawkin han sawi chhun zawm lawk ila.

A pa James-a aia Charles-a a lo lal khan, buaina hrang hrang a rochung a. Spain Catholic ho nen an indo a, France ram nena indona a chawk chhuak ta bawk a. Chutiang atan chuan, pawisa a mamawh a. Chhiah khawn leh mi hausate sum puk luihna a lo thleng ta a. A rorel dan duhkhawp lohna avang chuan, parliament chuan 1628 khan ‘Petition of Right’ tih chu an buatsaih ta a. He dan hian, lal thuneihna chu a pawt hniamin, a rek bung a. A hunlai boruakin a zir lo a, Charles-I pawhin a remti lo thei lo a. He danin a khap tlangpuite chu heti hian han khaikhawm ila:

a) Parliament remtihna lo chuan, sum puk leh chhiah lak a theih loh.

b) Dan anga an chungthu relfel a nih hma chu, lung inah mipuite khung theih an ni lo.

c) Mimal in, sipai luah luih tir chu khap a ni.

d) Ram ralmuan laia sipai rorelna siam

e) Mimal, zalen tawh chu, hrem leh hnuhnawh turin dan in a chung thu a rel thei lo ang.

Lalber Charles-a’n he ‘Petition of rights’ a remtihpuina chhan hi chu, Parliament aṭanga sum a hmuh theihna tur nia a ngaih vang a ni a. Reiloteah he a remtihna hi a la kir leh ta thuai a. Parliament-ah pawh an inhnial buai phah nasa a, chumi denchhena hmang chuan, Lalber chuan Parliament chu, a ṭhiat ta a. Parliament tel lo hian, kum 11 lai ro a rel chhun zawm ta a ni.

Sakhuana leh kohhran chung changah a rorel dan a dik lo a, William Laud-a chu Archbishop of Canterbury-ah a dah a, Puritan ho hnawt ṭiau vek turin a ti a. Laud-a hmalak dan chuan tual chhungah nghawng thui tak a nei a. Scottish Presbyterian ho a ti hel a, sipai rual insiamin, England an run tak maiah chuan, sipai a mamawhna a nasa ta hle si a. Parliament tel lo chuan, engmah ni dawn loa a inhriat avangin, parliament pawh chu a ko lui leh ta a ni. Parliament chuan, an duhna te tihhlawhtlin a nih hma chu, Charles-a pawisa mamawh chu an pe duh bik miah lo mai a. Kum 20 zet an ṭhu a. ‘Long Parliament’ an tih kha a ni. Parliament leh lal chuan, sipai nei hrang ve ve neiin, kum 1642 khan England tualchhung indona chu a lo chhuak ta a. Lal lam ṭangte chu, Caveliers an ti a, Parliament lam chu, Roundheads an ti a ni. Hemi thil thleng nghawng tu chu, kan sawi tak, John Hampden-a’n Lalber a hnial ngam avang khan a ni. A hnial aṭanga tual chhung indona a chhuah inkar hi chu a zau chu a zau viau. Dikna kan din chan pui dawn pawh hian, tei rei a ngai fo ṭhin a ni.

Parliament leh lal te inngeih lohna chhan pakhat pawh, Parlia­ment hian Anglican kohhran kha an mil vaklo ṭhin a. Lal te kha, Anglican kohhran a mi an ni si a. Charles-I a lal hma, a pa James-a lal lai aṭang tawh khan, puritan ho nena an inngeih lohna a awm a. James-a hian, a lal tirh a Parliament-a thu a sawi hmasak ber ṭumin, ‘Lal te hi Pathian ruat an ni a, Chuvangin, thuneihna sang ber an nei tur a ni,” tiin a sawi a. Chu chu a hnu lamah John Pym, Hampden-a leh Cromwell-a te hoin an rawn hnial chhoh tak kha a ni.

Ship Money-an tih mai, Hampden-an a lo hnial hi, kum 1637 kum khan a ni a. Heta ṭang hian, ani pawh England ram pawlitikah a lo langsar ta a ni. Kum 1642-ah Tualchhung indona a chhuak a. Kum 1646 khan, Parliament lam chuan chakna an chang ta nghe nghe a, Charles-I a an man a, tan inah an khung a. Parliament thil phut anga thlen tir a duh loh avangin, 1648 khan Tualchhung Indona dang a chhuak leh ta a. Kum 1649 Lalber Charles-I chu a lu an tan sak ta a ni.

John Hampden-a hi, Civil war chhuah hnu kumkhat lekah indonaah a thi a. A nunna nen pawh a thleng phal, lal thuneihna tih hniam a, Parliament thuneihna pek san a, mipuite lo zalen sawtna tur ni eng chu a hmu pha ve ta lo a ni.

A thih khan, kum 48 mi chauh a ni a. Oxford chhuak niin, Tualchhung indo lai khan, colonel a ni.

A hnua thuneitu nunrawng leh lal hrawt nasatna laka hel vete reng reng khan, Hampden-a chanchin hi an ngaihvenin, an thiltih chu, Hampden-a thiltih ang bawka dik a ni, tiin an sawi phah ṭhin. American Revolution-a an hotute pawh khan, John Hampden-a hi an thiltih dikzia chu thiam inchantirna atan an sawi ṭhin a ni. Chu chuan, a hunlaia John Hampden-a thiltih nep lohzia, leh mi huaisen tan lo chuan, tih ve mai ngam chi a nih loh dan tur pawh a tarlang chiang hle awm e.

Mi pakhat hnuaia thuneihna tam tak awm hi a ṭhat loh fo avangin, democracy sawrkar nei turin khawvelin tan a la ṭhin a. Democracy dik loah pawh, mi pakhat hnuaiah thuneihna a infawk khawm hnem viau thei fo. Chumi dik loa chu siam ṭhat angai ṭhin. Hotute hian an diklohna hrilh ngam mihring an mamawh fo a. Chutiang mihring te pawh chuan, van tlang hriatah kher ni lo, pindan zimteah, hmaichhana an hrilh ngamte pawh a tul ve bawk ṭhin.

Mi pahnih khat huaisenna leh thu dika an din tlat ngamna hian ram leh hnam a tidanglam fo ṭhin. Kan ram leh hnam ṭhatna tur kawngah hian kan bei i ti dawng mai lo ang u. Mi zawng zawng hriata kan huai thei lo a nih pawhin, mahni hmun ṭheuhah, John Hampden-a hre reng hian, kan phak ang tawkin lo huai ve ila, chu chu ram leh hnam tana kan tih ve theih thil a ni.

John Hampden-a khan, dik lo taka lal lal hrawt chu a lo hnial a. Mi dangteah a huaisenna chuan kang kai zelin, England ramah danglamna a lo thleng ta a ni. Thinlungin dik lo nia a hriat chu do sela, chu chu zalenna dik tak zawk a ni. Tute emaw thuhnuaia kun laklawh tawh chuan, an kuta an kawh kal mai mai tur dinhmunah kan awm reng tawh mai a ni. Khawvelah hian, nun hahdamna leh hlimna kan zawng ṭhin a, tu mah tlawn ngai lo, mi hmaa huai taka ding ngam, lal ber pawh a diklohna hrilh ngam mihring hian chutiang kan zawn ṭhin ang chu a hmu ṭhin.