HNAM LEH RAM ROPUITE TLUKCHHIAT THU

Hnam ropuite hi an tluchhe ṭhin a, ram ropuite hi an kehdarh ṭhin, chu chu khawvel history-ah kan hmu a ni. Ram ropui takte chu chhung lam leh pawn lam hmelma avangin an lo tluchhe tawh a, tun leh nakin hun atana zirlai pawimawh tak min hnutchhiah a ni. Engvanginnge hnam ropuite an tluk chhiat a, ram ropuite an kehdarh fo ṭhin. Hengte hi History aṭangin kan zir thei a, chutah chuan zirlai pawimawh tak tak tam tak a awm a. Chung zinga ṭhenkhatte chu tawitetein vawiin hian kan zirho dawn a ni.

1. Ram awp turah an duham lutuk fo:

Ram hausa tak tak tluchhia kan hmuh fo tawh a, an buaina inang tlang tak pakhat chu an enkawl phak bak, an tlin bak ram awp an tum ṭhin hi a ni.

Ram leh Hnam hausa tlakchhiatna lama thil thleng lo lang ngei ngei chu an hausakna leh an theihna tlin phak baka inzarpharh an duhna hi a ni. Hnamte chuan thuneihna an ruih chiah hian Indona beihpui thlakin hausakna an khawhral nasa ṭhin a. An enkawl theih bak ram an awp ṭhin a, chu chu an chhiat phah ṭhin a ni. Roman Empire kha entirna ṭha tak a tling a ni. Ram an la zau lutuk a, chumi enkawlna leh awp beh zelna atana an senso chuan an ram hausakna a tichhia a, an ram innghahna thil pawimawh dang thlenga sawi nghingin, an lal ram chu a tla hniam zel a, a tawpah chuan a lo tluchhe ta a ni.

A thiltihtheihna san ber lai khan Roman Empire hian square kilometer maktaduai 5 vel (square mile maktaduai 1.9) vel lai a huam a ni. Chutah chuan Europe, North Africa, leh Middle East-a ramte pawh a tel a. Thlang lamah Atlantic tuipui aṭanga inṭanin, chhak lamah Black Sea thlengin a awh a, hmar lamah Britain aṭangin chhim lamah Aigupta thlengin a inzar pharh bawk a ni. Zau ve tak chu a ni. Hman lai hun, inkal pawhna leh inbiak pawhna lama an la san lutuk loh lai kha chuan ram leh hnam chakna titla hniam thei khawp chu a ni ve reng reng a ni.

2. Sawrkar hlemhle tak leh sum leh pai lama inrelbawlna dik lo:

Hnam hausate tlakchhiatna thlentu dang chu rorelna ṭha tlahniam, governance chhia leh hlemhletna (corruption) hluar viau zel hi a ni bawk. Hruaitute chuan an ram mipuite hamṭhatna aiin mi mal hlawkna an dah pawimawh zawk a, anmahni hlawkna atana ram hausakna thau an sawk ṭhin avangin, an ram sum leh pai dinhmun an tinghingin an tichhe ṭhin a ni. Hei hi Soviet Union tlakchhiat lai khan a lang chiang hle a. Societ Union-ah khan, an ram inawpna leh kalpui danah hlemhletna a inphan lut chiat a, an ram sum leh pai leh ei leh bar enkawlna kawngah, an kalpui dan a dik loh bawk avangin, an ram economy kha a tla chhia a, soviet empire ropui tak kha a lo keh darh ta a ni. Soviet Union chu independent ram 15-ah a a lo keh darh ta a nih kha. Chung ramte chu Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, leh Uzbekistan te an ni. Russia leh Ukraine an indo mek a, Belarus hi Russia lamah an ṭang bawk tih chu kan hriat vek kha.

3. Khawtlang nun inṭhen darhna leh chhungril lama buaina:

Hnam hausate hian khawtlang inpumkhatna leh mi zawng zawng huapzo rorelna vawn nun kawngah harsatna an tawk fo ṭhin. Mipui vantlang inkara lo zau a, an inthlauhna lo pung zel te, khawtlang inṭhenna darhna te leh mipui hnuaihnung zawkte mamawh ngaihsak lohna chuan hnam chhungril lama buaina leh pawn lam innghirnghona a siam thei a ni. British Historian Toynbee-a pawhin, hnamte chu roreltute leh mipui inkara a zauh lutuk chuan an hnam ropuina leh nghehna a tlahniam ṭhin niin a sawi. Thuneitute chuan mi tam zawk mamawh an ngaih thah a. An duhzawng an ngaihsak loh chuan khawtlang inpumkhatna a chhia a, khawtlang buaina leh inṭhen darhna a thlen ṭhin a ni tiin a sawi bawk. Hmasang France Lal ramah khan sum leh pai leh ei leh bar zawn kawnga mipuite inkar zau leh leh politics lama tihduhdahna leh inrahbehnain khawtlang nun a tihbuai dan leh chumi buaina chuan hnam chak ber berte pawh a tlakchhiattir theih dan kan hmu a ni. French Revolution kha a lo thleng ta hluai mai a nih kha.

French Revolution kha July 14, 1789-a Paris khawpuia tan in pakhat Bastille mipuiin an beih aṭanga inṭan a ni a. Ngaih dan tlangpuiah chuan, kum 1799-a Napoleon Bonaparte-a kaihhruaina hnuaia Consulate din a nih khan a tawp niin an ngai.

French Revolution chuan hetiang hi a nghawng chhuak: France rama Bourbon lal chhungkua paihthlak a ni a, republic din a ni. France ram politics lama inthlak danglamna lian tak a ni a, Europe leh khawvel chanchinah nghawng thui tak a nei a ni. Revolution hian khawtlang leh politics lama inthlak danglamna nasa tak a thlen a, chung zingah chuan Lal Louis XVI thah a nih te, Reign of Terror lo thleng te, Napoleon Bonaparte-a lo chawr chhuak te, Europe ram puma ngaih dan khawng tak tak leh hnam hmangaihna rilru nasa tak lo darhte kha a tel a ni.

4. Hnam insiamrem thiam lo leh thil thar siam chhuak thiam lo leh hmang thiam lo an tlu chhe ṭhin:

Khawvel inher danglam chak tak kara hnam insiamrem zel thei te leh thil thar siam chhuak thei tura inpeih ṭha ber berte chu dinhmun harsa tak karah pawh an ding chhuakin, an ṭhang lian ṭhin tih history-in a târ lang a. Technology lama hmasawnna te, sum leh pai lama inthlâk danglamna te, a nih loh leh khawtlâng lama hmasâwnnate pawm thei lo leh chumi ruala insiam rem lo a, kal thiam lo hnamte chu a hnufual ṭhin a, a tlahniam ṭhin a ni. Ottoman Empire-in sipai leh technology lama hmasawnna pawimawh tak tak a hman duh loh avangin a chuai a, a tawp fel der mai a nih kha.

Ottoman Empire kha October 29, 1923-a Turkey Independence War a lo tawp khan, official takin a tawp ve ta a ni. Republic of Turkey lo ding thar kha, empire tawpna chu a ni.

Ottoman Empire hian a vanglai chuan Kawmualpui pathum: Europe, Asia, leh Africa-a ram zau tak a huam a. He empire hian Europe khawchhak lam aṭanga tunlai Turkey, Greece leh Bulgaria leh Romania ram ṭhenkhat telin Middle East thlengin a huam a. Tunlai Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon leh Saudi Arabia, Kuwait hmun ṭhenkhat te leh Yemen ram te thleng hian a huam bawk a. Africa hmar lam thlengin a ram hi Ottomoan Empire hian a zauh a, tuna Algeria, Tunisia, leh Libya ram chhunga awm bial hrang hrangte pawh a huam tel a ni.

Mahse, Ottoman Empire hun tawp lamah chuan, an ram awp ṭhin engemaw zatin zalenna an nei tawh a, an ram awm ṭhin ṭhenkhatte pawh ram chak zawk dangte thununna hnuaiah an awm tawh tawh bawk a ni. Ottoman Empire innghahna bulpui ber chu tunlai Turkey ram hi a ni.

5. Rilru lam dan ṭha nei lohna leh hnam nunze hloh avangin hnam a tlu chhe ṭhin:

Ram leh Hnam chakna chu a sum leh pai lama a hausakna emaw, sipai lama a chakna emaw chauh ni lovin, an hnam zia leh rilru put hmang nghehnaah pawh a awm a ni. Hnam hausaten hnam ze ṭha kawngpui tluang zawh zel loa an kal pen a, an hnam ze nghehna tichhe thei ngaih dan an pawm a, an hnam nun tibuai thei tih dan an chin thar chuan, an hnam tlukchhiatna chi an tuh ṭhin a ni. British Empire tla chhia kha an hnam nun ze kalsanna leh nungchang lama innghahna ṭha kalsanna nen a inzawm a; an hnam ze hlun an kalsan a, hnam anga an nihna leh an inchhuanna te an neih tawh loh vang a ni. A chhan dang chu a tam tih kan hre vek a, Khawvel indopui ṭum hnih awm khan a nghawng na em em a, an ram awp a zau a, sum leh pai leh ei leh bar zawn kawnga inrelbawlnaah buaina an ngah a, an awp ram teah hnam hmangaihna a lo pungin mahni kea din duhna a lo awm bawk nen, an ram awp tam tak khan an chan chho ta malh malh a ni. A chhan dang tam tak a awm tho a, sawi vek sen leh sawi vek kher pawh a ṭul chuang rih awm lo e.

Tlangkawmna:

Hnam chak leh hausa zawkte tlukchhiat ṭhinna hian mihringte tih ve theih leh thlen ve chin tawizia leh tlo lohzia min hriattir a ni. History leh he lam thu inziahna rintlakte chuan hnam tinte hi fimkhur a, tlukchhiatna thlen theitu laka inveng reng turin min zirtir a. History zirlai aṭang hian thuneihna um lutukna lak ata inven a ṭulzia te, corruption kan do ngei ngei a ṭulzia te, khawtlang inpumkhatna kan ngai pawimawh a ṭulzia te, a hnam pum pawh a ṭul dan anga insiam rem theih a ṭulzia te, thil thar ngaihtuah chhuah leh siam chhuah thiam a ṭulzia te, rilru lam dikna leh hnam nunze nghet neih a ṭulzia leh chumi vawn tlat a ṭulzia te kan hmu a. Chutiang chuan, hnung lam thlir letin, history zirlai hmang ṭangkaiin, hnam hma lam hun him leh ṭha zawkin kan siam theiin, kan nei thei ang.

Lalram ropui an chuai
An mawina zawng a ral mai ṭhin.
-Albatross