CHANDRACHUD-A TE PAFA

India rama sawrkar hi hlawm thumah an inṭhen tih kan hria a, Legislature, Executive leh Judiciary te an ni a. Legislature hian dan a siam a, executive hian a keng kawh a, Judiciary hian dan kenkawhna leh bawhchhiatna chungchangah thutlukna a siam ṭhin a ni tiin a tawi zawngin a sawi theih ang a. Chutiang ngawt erawh an hna a ni lo a.

Judiciary hian dan bawhchhiatna thuah thutlukna a siam a ni mai lo a, dan a hrilh fiah a, dan nihphung a tichangtlung bawk. Tawitea sawi mai theih a ni lo. Judiciary chhungah hian, court a awm a. District Court- hemi hnuaiah hian court la tenau deuh zawk Judicial Magistrate First Class (JMFC), Chief Judicial Magistrate (CJM) tih ang chi a awm a. Hetah hian thubuai a lut khawm hmasa a. A ṭhen chu district Judge-in an khawih nghal a awm a, chumi lo zawng chu CJM leh JMFC-in an khawih a. Thil tihsual nasat dan a zirin CJM leh JMFC khawih leh District judge khawih a inang lo a. Rukruk etc te chu a hniam lamah an khawih a, Pocso case te, tualthah case te chu district Judge-in an khawih tlangpui thung a. Court hian thubuai chi hnih Criminal Case leh Civil Case a khawih ṭhin a. Ram chungchanga buaina te, pawisa chungchanga buaina tam zawk hi Civil Case huang chhunga awm a ni. Court hniam zawka thutluknaa lungawi lo chuan a aia sang zawkah an thlen (appeal) chho zel ṭhin. District Court chungah hian High court a awm a. High Court chungah Supreme Court. Supreme Court hi India rama dan lam kaihhnawiha roreltu sang ber a ni a. Chuta an hotu ber chu Chief Justice of India a ni.

Supreme Court Chief Justice hmasa ber chu HJ Kania a ni a. 28th February, 1950 khan a hna a zawm a. Heart attack avangin a kum leh lawkah a thi ta thut a, a thawk rei hman lo. Ni 2.09.2023-a Mizorama lo kala High Court Building rawn hawngtu DY Chandrachud-a kha Chief Justice of India ni mek a ni a. CJI 50-na a ni. A pa YV Chandrachud-a kha India rama Chief Justice 16-na a ni a. Kum 7 leh thla li zet ṭangin, India rama CJI ni rei ber a ni. YV-a kha Kissa Kursi ka case-a Sanjay Gandhi jail-a thawntu a ni a. A hunlaia Congress sorkar khan a ngaina lem lo a. An duh anga Court/Judge te khalh kawi an tumnaah khan YV-a hi chu an ti ve hlei thei lo. Sorkar –in Judiciary-a inrawlh a tumna kha a do ṭang ṭang a. Bar leh bench (ukil te leh court) a huikhawm a. Parliament-ah pawh impeach (paih) an tum hman hial nghe nghe. Indira Gandhi sawrkar kha Judiciary-ah a inrawlh nasa a, Judge ruat thuah pawh tih dan awmsa kalha judge ruat an tum nasa hle a. YV Chandrachud-a hian a dang tlat a, a tawpah chuan High Court Judge pariat leh Supreme Court judge panga chu tun hma aṭanga tih dan awmsa angin sorkar a ruat tir thei ta a, an duh danin Indira Gandhi sawrkar kha a inrawlh thei ta lo a ni.

YV Chandrachud-a khan thubuai pawimawh tak tak a chai a. India ram kalzelna tura thu pawimawh tak tak a ni hlawm. Habes Corpus Case (ADM Jabalpur vrs Shukla) te kha a hunlaia mi a ni a. Justice HR Khanna (mi dik leh rinawm tak mai, dik nia a hriata a ṭan tlat avanga engkim tuar huam) khan kha thutlukna kha a hnial thung a ni. A dik leh dik loh te, a ṭhat leh ṭhat lohte chu eng pawh nise, India ram chanchina Court thutlukna pawimawh tak a ni. An thutllukna chu “ in view of the Presidential Order dated 27 June 1975 no person has any locus to move any writ petition under Article 226 before a High Court for habeas corpus or any other writ or order or direction to challenge the legality of an order of detention,” tih a nih kha. Khami case avang khan, original intent tih te chuan awmzia a nei thei ta tak lo a ni. Minerva Mills Case kha ama hoa thutlukna an siam a ni bawk a. Parliament-in India dan pui a siam danglam (amend) kawngah a thuneihna chuan tawp chin a nei a, a duhthalin a che thei lo an ti a nih kha. Shah Bano case pawh ama hoa an thutlukna siam tho a ni. Indira Gandhi hunlai khan Congress (I) khan MP an ngah a, an tal na ang reng viau a. Thui takin YV Chandrachud-a khan a dang a ni a tih theih awm e.

Mi thawmna tak Indira Gandhi hunlaiin YV Chandrachud-a kha CJI a ni a, mi thawmna tak, parliament-a MP ngah tak Modia hunlaia a fapa DY Chandrachud-a CJI a han ni ve leh hi a danglamin a chhinchhiah tlak ang reng hlein ka hria. Manipur buainaa a ke a han pen lut hlauh te kha a chhinchhiah tlak a, India ram chanchina thil pawimawh tak pakhat a tling leh a ni a tih theih awm e. Tunah pawh Article 370 paih chungchangah court-ah thubuai an chai mek a. An thutlukna hriat a chakawm khawp mai.

DY Chandrachud-a hian right to Privacy chungchangah judgment pawimawh tak a siam a. ( Justice K. S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) and Anr. vs Union Of India And Ors.) Right to Privacy hi India danpui pek a ni a ti a. IPC section 377 (anpui kawp khapna) paihna kawngah a thawhhlawk hle bawk a. “ Mi an duhzawng (sexual orientation) avanga en hran hi, mi mal hlutna leh zahawmna rahbehna lian tak a ni,” tiin a sawi. Miin zalen taka an duh zawng an sawi theihna tur te, zalen taka an mi mal nun an hman theihna turin thutlukna leh thu vuakthlak pawimawh tak tak a nei a; ṭum khata han sawi sen leh han sawi fiah zawh sen chi pawh a ni chiah lo. India rama Supreme Court judge awm tawh zinga pawimawh ber pawl a ni a tih ngam mai awm e. Nichina kan sawi, a pa Judgment Habeas Corpus case kha a paih (over-ruled) ve leh thung a ni. Hetiang avangte leh India rama Judciary hisory han chhiar chhiar hian, dan chu ziaka awm a, tih dan (convention) lam ni loin dan chu a mihringa zawk hi a ni tih hi a tichiang hlein ka hre ṭhin. Tunah pawh Mizoram bik han en ila, tun hma zawnga PC act hnuaia corruption case nei hrem kan hriat mang loh laiin, tunah chuan kan hre ta fo. Mi ṭhenkhatin ND&PS case-a hrem loh dan tur an zawng emaw tih tur a nih laiin mi ṭhankhat chuan, hetianga inhnamhnawihte hrem hi kan society mamawh a ni, tiin an hrem hmak hmak thung. Mipuiin Judiciary-a rinna an nghah hi a pawimawh a. Chutiang atan chuan, Judge leh ukil te an pawimawh hle a ni.

Dy Chadrachud-a hi 11.11.1959 khan a lo piang a. St. Stephen’s College aṭangin BA ( Economics & Mathematics) –ah a zo a. University of Delhi aṭangin 1982 khan LLB a zir zawh hnuin, Harvard aṭangin 1983 khan Master of Laws a zir zo. Hetah hian Joseph H. Beale prize a dawng. Harcrad-ah hian zir chhunzawmin, 1986 khan Doctorate of Jurisdical Science a zir zo bawk a ni.

DY Chadrachud-a hi thusawi a thiam khawp mai a. A thusawi ngaihthlak a nuam a, a sawi tumah a chiang bawk a. Kara Thapar-a nen hian an aw ki leh thu lam dan a inang lek lekin ka hria. Rohinton F. Nariman-a nen hian Supreme Court judge ka dahsan pahnih an ni. An thusawi ngaihthlak a nawm bakah an judgment hrim hrim a ṭhain, hun inher mila hnam leh khawtlang insiam rem dan tur leh insiam rem a ṭulna an hrethiamin ka hria.

Supreme Court Chief Justice hi an pawimawh khawp mai a. President leh Vice President an rem chan loh pawhin Charge latu an ni. Justice M. Hidayatullah khan CJI a nih laiin President Charge hi a lo la tawh a ni. 20 July 1969 - 24 August 1969 chhung khan President charge a la a. A hnu lamah phei chuan India Vice President a ni chho ta nghe nghe. Hidayatullah hi pa inngaitlawm tak mai a ni a. India rama jurist ropui, Fali Nariman-a (Rohinton Narimna-a pa) chuan, "He was erudite but he carries his learning lightly " tiin a sawi a. Mi ngaihsan ngah lo tak Khushwant Singh-a pawh khan a ngai sang hle. Tumkhat chu, West Germany Ambassador chawhlui buatsaih an kil ho a. Self Introduction an nei a. Justice Hidayatullah hian ama hming chauh a sawi a. A hming a sawi lai chu Khushwant-a chuan a lo hre hlek lo mai a. Chuvang chuan tu nge a nih pawh a hre mai lo a. A han hre chiang a, a mi ngaihsan ber te zinga mi a ni ta a ni.

India ram Chief Justice hi pahnih hi hnai takah ka hmu ta a. Pakhat zawk chu Sharad Arvind Bobde-a, CJI 47-na kha a ni a. Ani phei chu Raj Bhavan Circular Lawn-ah a hnungchiahah ka ṭhu a. Hnai ang reng takah DY Chandrachud-a ka hmu leh a. Chadrachud-a phei chu, ngaihnawm titakin a thusawi ka ngaithla. Bobde-a hian Chandrachud-a hi chu a pha lo hlein ka hria. Tun hnaiah Judiciary lama hotu sangah neuh neuh a awm chhoh zeuh zeuh laiin, DY Chandrachud-a CJI-a han ni chho hi, mipuiin judiciary-an hmuh dan a sang chho leh ṭan niin a lang.