Sulhnu 135: China rama Judate Baibul ken luhna kawng Silk Road

Kar hmasa khan Mizoten thuziak tihbo thawnthu kan lo neih kha Judate baibul hi a ni thei ang em tih te kan sawi a, kha mi kha kan chhunzawm dawn a ni.

Kan pi leh puten thuziak hlu tak an lo neih hi eng savuna zial nge ni ang? Parchment chu a ni ngei ang a, beram vun nge kel vun, bawng la vun a ni zawk ang em? Codex an tih erawh kha chu tun laia kan lehkhabu ang deuh diak hi a ni a, lehkha aiah savun an hmang mai a ni a. A phek vei lamah an chilh khawm a, hlai pui pui, keu duai duai chi a ni awm e. Phek khat pawh kha kan sum khuhna tawka lian chu a ni ang.

Kan thuziak tihbo erawh kha chu a ziala zial, Sapin scroll an tih kha a ni a. Judate baibul kha savuna zial a ni a, khatiang kha Mizoten kan lo kawl ve chu lo ni ta se, khawi laiah nge kan lo awmho tawh ang a, min lo kawltir ve tawh ni ang? Judate nen hian China ram khawi maw laiah khian kan lo awmho tawh ang a, an baibul hi engtin tin emaw kan lo kawl ve a ni ang a, tih hi chhui chian atana ka lo hual ve rauh rauh a ni a. Kum 1856-a chhuak ‘History of The Jewish Nation after the Destruction of Jerusalem under Titus’ tih bu, Alfred Edersheim-a ziah ka chhiar atang phei chuan ka ngaihruat fo ṭhin chu a tak a ni thei mai ang a, tiin ka chhiar phur hle a ni. Chutah chuan Juda hnam ṭhenkhat khawchhak lama kal zelte chuan Sapin ‘Far East’ an tih ram zinga mi China an thlen thu te, Kai Foo Feng khuaah Juda tempul an din thu te a ziak a. Kan sawi tawh ang khan chu tempul bangah thuziak inkerah chuan inkhawmna in chu kum 1488-a sak a nih thu te, Synagogue hmasa ber chu kum 1166-a sak a nih thu te, Han dynasty (BC 205 - AD 226) lai khan Juda sakhua chu China ramah a luh ṭan thu te a inziak a ni, tiin Edersheim-a chuan a ziak. Tunah chuan he khua hi Kaifeng an ti tawh a, Henan province chhunga awm a ni a, Yellow river an tih chhim lam hreta awm a ni. China rama Judate lo awm tawhna khuate chu Kaifeng, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Yangzhou, Ningxia, Guangzhou, Beijing, Quanzhou, Nanjing, Xi'an and Luoyang niin Wikipedia chuan a sawi a, chung zinga a lar ber chu Kaifeng Jews an ti a, tun thlengin an la awm a ni. China rama Juda awm te hi an tam lo khawp mai a, khaw hrang hrangah hian sumdawng dawrkai an awm zel a, Indopui pahnihna lai vel khan 40,000 an tling a ni awm e. Jewish Virtual Libray sawi danin kumin 2023-ah hian China ram pumah 2500 vel chauh an awm tawh a, a tam ber chu Sanghai-ah an awm a ni.

China rama Juda lut hmasa berte chu sumdawng an ni a, an zin kawng hmingthang tak, Silk Road an tih chu mel 4000 chuang a ni a. He kawng thui tak hi khawthlang lama a inṭanna chu Constantinople khua a ni a, tunah chuan Turkey rama Istanbul hi a ni. Isua pian hma kum 700 lai ata an lo luah tawh a ni a, Asia leh Europe infinna laia lawngchawlhna hmun pawimawh ber a ni hial awm e. Khawchhak lamah chuan he kawng tawpna chu China rama Chang’an khua a ni. China rama Judate luhna kawng a nih avangin Silk Road chanchin tlem han sawi ila, he kawngin a chhun khawpui pawimawh zual 10 kan sawi bawk ang.

Silk Road hi China civilization leh Rome civilization ten hriatna leh bungrua an inthleng tawnna kawngpui ber a ni. Maimaw ril, Silk chu China aṭangin thlang lamah ken thlak a ni a, sahmul, rangkachak leh tangkaruate chu Europe leh Asia Minor, Africa aṭangin chhak lamah ken chhoh a ni thung. Finna leh thu leh hla tam tak an inthleng tawnna kawngpui a ni bawk. China rama Kristian lut hmasa ber Nestorian Kristiante luhna leh India ram aṭanga Buddhism luhna pawh he Silk Road hi a ni.

Khawchhak lama a inṭanna Chang’an khua hi a vanglai chuan hmanlai khawvela khawpui lian ber zinga mi niin an sawi a, tunah chuan Xi’an emaw Sian emaw an ti tawh. China ram lailia Shaanxi Province khawpui a ni a, Zhou te, Qin te, Han leh Tang dynasty te ṭhuthmun a lo ni tawh a ni.

Khawpui pahnihna chu Dunhuang a ni a, kum sang tam tak chhung chu China rama sumdawnna khawpui lian leh sipai hmunpui a ni. He khua hi khawvela thlaler lian ber zinga mi, Gobi thlalera tui awmna ‘oasis’-a awm a ni.

Khawthlang lamah chhuk zelin khawpui pathumna chu Kashgar a ni a, China rama khawpui thlang ber a ni. Kum za tam tak chhung chu Silk Road-a khualzinte chawlhna hmun laili leh khawpui nung tak a ni. He khua aṭang hian Kyrgyzstan te, Kazakhstan leh Pakistan ramte chu a hla tawh lo.

Khawpui palina chu Samarkand a ni a, Tang lalram hun laia China ram hausakna chaw luttu ber a ni. Samarkand hi Alai tlangdung khawthlang tawp reta awm a ni a, Uzbekistan rama awm, kum 3000 zeta upa a ni. Alexander The Great te, Genghis Khan-a leh Timur-a te lo pal hrep tawh khaw hlun tak a ni.

Khawpui pangana chu Balkh a ni a, ‘khawpui zawng zawngte nu’ tia an lo koh, khawpui hlun a ni a, Afgahnistan rama awm a ni. Kum 1220 lai khan Mongol lal ropui ber Genghis Khan-a sipaite khan he khawpui hi an lo chhu chhe vek tawh a, khualzin leh sipai te, sumdawng leh missionary-te pawhin hnuhma an lo neih tawhna a ni a, Juda-ho pawhin an lo tlawh fo tawh khua a ni.

Khawpui parukna chu Merv a ni a, Turkmenistan rama awm a ni. Karakum thlaler chhak lam kila khawpui Mary an tih aṭanga mel 20 emaw vela awm a ni a, hman lai khawpui hmingthang ve tak a ni awm e. Persian-ho lehkhabu lamah chuan Isua van lawn hnu kum 700 vel khan Merv hi khawpui nung tak niin an ziak a, kum zabi 12-na laiah phei chu a vanglai a ni a, khawpui hlui leh hlun, Damaska te, Baghdad leh Cairo te tluka lar a ni an ti.

Khawpui pasarihna chu Ctesiphon a ni a, Mesopotamia lalram chhunga khawpui ropui tak a ni. Parthian lalram khan khawpuiah an hmang a, a hnua Sassanid lalram pawhin an khawpuiah an lo hmang tawh a ni. Baibula kan hmuh fo Tigris lui kama awm a ni a, Iraq khawpui Baghdad aṭanga chhimchhak lama awm a ni.

Khawpui pariatna chu Palmyra a ni a, Suria ram lailia awm a ni. Silk Road chhunga khawpui hmingthang leh pawimawh tak a ni a, Suria ram thlalera tui awmna ‘oasis’ a ni a, Damaska khawpui hmar chhak lama awm a ni. Tirkoh Paula zin fona Mediterranean chhak lam tuipui kam leh Euphrates lui inkara awm a nih avangin sumdawnna hmunpui a ni.

Khawpui pakuana chu Damaska a ni a, Suria ram khawpui, kum 4500 chuang an lo chen tawhna khawpui hlun a ni a. Ṭhenkhat chuan khawvela khawpui hlui ber an ti. Tirhkoh Paulan he khawpui daia Isua inlarna a hmuh lai khan chhak leh thlanga mite lo intawhkhawm ṭhinna khawpui a lo ni tawh a ni. Damaska khawpuiah hian Chinese maimaw puan chu Tirhkoh Paula thih hnu kum 50 vel, AD 115 lai vel te khan Suria lalnuho chuan an lo sin dalh dalh tawh a ni.

Khawpui sawmna chu Constantinople a ni a, Constantine-a kha Rom lal ber Kaisara a lo nih khan khawpuiah a siam a, a hming a pu zui ta a ni. A hnu zelah Istanbul tia thlakin Byzantine lalram te, Ottoman lalram te leh Turkey ram khawpui te a lo ni tawh a ni. Europe leh Asia, Africa khawmualpui nena finna thu te, culture leh thiamna chi tinreng an lo inthleng tawnna khawpui pawimawh a ni.

He kawngpui hmingthang Silk Road hi khawchhak lama Juda khualzinte khan China rama luh nan an lo hmang tawh ṭhin a, sumdawnga vei tawn mai ni lovin awm hlen tawk an lo awm ta a. Kaifeng Jews an tihte phei kha chuan Baibul an lo keng chho ngei a ni tih kan hre thei a. Tun thlengin Kaifeng Torah chu Baibul vawnṭhat a la ni reng a, British Library sawi dan chuan Kaifeng synagogue-a Juda dan bu, Torah zial 15 an neih zingah zial 7 chauh an damkhawchhuak a, a tam zawk chu chhan hrang hrang avangin a riral ta a ni. Kaifeng synagogue aṭanga bo ta savun zial 8 zinga pakhat chu kan lo kawl ve tawh kha a ni thei ang em?

Pathian zarah kan dam ang a, kar leh lamah Mizote thuziak tih bo chanchin hi chhunzawm kan tum ang.