Sulhnu 222: Mizoramah bawih chhuah a ni ta

Kar hmasa lama kan sawi tawh ang khan Zoluti leh Dr. Fraser-an Mizorama bawih chhuah a nih theih nan London lamah British sawrkara thapui an thawh dan leh India sawrkarah Assam Chief Commissioner hnena lehkha an thawn thu te leh sawrkarin a chhan dan te kan sawi tawh a. Hma an lakin nghawng a neih chhoh dan kan sawi chhunzawm ang.

Tun hma lam kum 1772-ah khan bawih chungchangah thil chhinchhiah tlak pawimawh tak lo thleng tawh han sawi kai zawk ila. Chu chu England-ah hian bawih neih hi dan dik a ni em tih an chai thu hi a ni. ‘Court of King’s bench’an tihah chuan Lord Mansfield-a rorelna hnuaiah chu thu chu ngaihtuah a ni a. He court-a thu an rel hi Sommerset vs Stewart tia sawi a ni a, mi pakhat Charles Stewart-an Virginia aṭanga bawih a lei James Sommerset-a hi England-ah a rawn hawn a. Sommerset-a chu a tlan bo a, an man leh a. A neitu James Stewart-a chuan hralh a, Jamaica-ah thawn a tum a. Tichuan, ‘England-a bawih lakluh hi tihluihnain ram danga thawn chhuah leh hralh theih a ni em’ tiin an ngaihtuah ta a. Lord Mansfield-an thutlukna a siamah chuan English dan hian bawih neih a thlawp lo va, Sommerset-a pawh hi England aṭangin tihluihnain thawn chhuah theih a ni lo ve, tih a ni a.

He rorelna thu hi a pawimawhin a chhinchhiah tlak em emna chhan chu British Empire chhunga bawih ban tura hma la mektute hnathawh tichaktu a ni. England-ah chuan he thutlukna hian English danin bawih neih ṭha a ti lo ve, tihnaah an ngai a. Chubakah mihring rilrua ṭhatna dan nen pawh a inrem thlap a ni, tiin an tlangaupui bawk a. He thutlukna hian British Empire pumpui chu a nghawng pha lo na a, England-ah bik chuan ‘bawih ban duh pawl’ ṭanfung nasa takin a ti chak a. ‘England ram boruak hi bawih hip atan chuan a thiang lua a ni’, tia mipui ngaihdan siamtu a ni bawk. He ṭawngkam hi dengkhawng hlein bawih hmuhsitna leh enhranna niin lang mah se, English mite ngaihtuahna leh ngaihdanah bawih neih hi a inhmeh thei lo a ni, tihna a ni mah zawk. Sap ṭawng tak chuan ‘England was too pure an air for a slave to breathe’ tih a ni a, he thu mawi tak phuahtu hi Lord Mansfield-a court-a bawih neih duh lohtu lam aiawh William Davy-a a ni (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...).

Kum 1785 khan William Cowper-a chuan ‘The Task’ tih bu a chhuah a. Hlahril sei tak, blank verse an tih anga a phuah a ni a. Book II-ah Cowper-a chuan court-a Somerset-a leh Stewart-a inkhinnaa Sommerset-a thiam channa lawm nan heti hian a phuah a. Bawihte chuan England-ah thâwk an la thei lovang, an chuapin kan boruak a hip luh veleh zalen an ni zel ang a, kan ram an thlen veleh an kawlte a tla nghal ang, tiin (https://poets.org/poem/task-bo...). William Davy-a thuchheh mawi tak leh William Cowper-a hlahril awmze nei tak chuan mite a hneh a, England-a bawih neih chungchang chu an ngaihven ta hle a. Mipui aw a lo ring tial tial a, Pathian thu nena inmil lo tak a nihna leh ran ang maia mihringpui te lei leh hralh chu nunrawn thlak an ti ta hle a ni.

Kum 1772 leh kum 1830 inkarah pawh hian bawih chhuah chungchang hi vawi eng emaw zat sawi a ni a, British Empire chhunga ram hrang hrangah bawih an enkawl dan leh an ngaihdan a inang diak diak lo. Kum 1807-ah pawh British Parliament chuan ‘the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act’ tih hi an lo pawm tawh a. He dan hian British Empire chhunga bawih lei leh hralh a khap ta a, amaherawhchu, bawih lo ni sa tawh chungchang thu a sawi lo va, humhimna hranpa a pe hek lo. Kum 1833-ah chuan British Parliament-in Slavery Abolition Act an pawm ta a, chu chuan British awp hnuaia ram tam berah bawih a ban ta a. Africa khawmualpuiah te, USA chhim lama Carribean tuipuia thliarkarah te leh South Africa ramah te bawih 8,00,000 aia tamin zalenna an neih phah ta a, Canada ramah pawh tlem azawngin zalenna an lo neih phah bawk a. He dan pawimawh tak hi England lal ber kutah kum 1833, August ni 28-ah a lo lut a, a pawmpui hnua ataka dana an hman ṭan ni chu kum 1834, August ni 1-ah a ni (https://www.britannica.com/top...).

Kan sawi tawh angin Dr. Fraser-a leh Zoluti te hma lak zarah Mizorama bawih ban thu chu a kal zel a, kum 1915, October ni 29-ah Austen Chamberland-a, Secretary of State for India chuan Governor-in-council hnenah lehkha thawnin British awp ram chhungah bawih neih phal a ni tawh lo va, sawrkarin an ram awp mipuite chungah rang takin hma lak zui tur a ni, tiin. Assam sawrkar chuan an thu dawn bawhzuiin Mizoramah chauh ni lo, Assam dep rama bawih awmte chungchang chu zirchian a tum ta a. B.C. Allen-a zirchiannaah chuan Assam ram chhunga hnam hrang hrang zingah bawih kaihhnawih a awm thu leh an awp pawn lama mite zingah pawh a awm thu an hmuchhuak a. India sawrkarah chuan heng bawihte hi nei tawh lo tura theihtawp a chhuah tur thu leh bawih neitute hnena zangnadawmna a ṭul pawha pek thlengin hma lak a tum thu a hriattir a ni.

Mizoram bikah chuan bawih neih chunga changa Fraser-a nena inhnial vak Bawrhsap Kawlsap (H.W.G. Cole) a kha W.Z. Scott-an a rawn thlak a, ani hian bawih awm zat chhiarpui a buatsaih a. Chu inchhiarnaah chuan lal ina bawi chhungkaw awm zat chu 316 an ni a, an vaiin mi 476 an ni. Chung zingah chuan mi 119 chu mipa, kum 16 leh 60 inkar an ni a, hmeichhia leh naupang 357 an ni. Mahni ina cheng ni si, bawih chhungkaw awm zat chu 1110 lai an ni a, lal ina awm chhungkua te nen Mizoramah bawih chhungkua 1426 lai an lo awm a nih chu. Bawih tlan chhuah ngai zat chu 1626 an ni a, pakhat tlan chhuah nan Rs.40 zel a ngai a, an vaia tlanchhuahna senso ngai zat chu cheng sing ruk leh sangnga chuang hret a ni.

Chutiang taka bawih dinhmun hriatchian a nih hnu chuan Assam sawrkar chuan an mamawh zat sum chu pe turin India sawrkar chu a ngen ta a ni. Bawihte chu tlan chhuahna sum pek ngai vek an ni lo va, lal ṭhenkhat chuan tlanna sum phut lovin an chhuah zalen ve bawk a. Kristian ni tawh lal pakhat chuan, “Lalpa Isua Krista hmingin bawih ata ka chhuah a che u, tun achinah ka hnen ata zalen in ni tawh ang a, sual ata lo zalen bawk ula, Isua hi lo ring ve ang che u, tichuan chatuan nunna in nei dawn nia,” tiin a sal zawng zawng a chhuah a ni. He thu hi Prof. Laldena ziah a ni a, he lal hi tunge a nih a sawi lo va, khawi lal nge a nih a sawi hek lo. Lal dangte chuan Isua hming emaw Lalber George V-a hming emawin an bawihte an chhuah niin a ziak bawk (https://proflaldena.blogspot.c...).

Laldena ziah zelnaah chuan Assam sawrkarin bawih chhuah thu an puan lo hria, Shillong-a Mizo zirlaite chu an lawm em em a. Chutih lai chuan Assam ram khawpui chu Shillong a ni a, chung zirlaite chuan telegram thawnin ‘bawih chhuah’ tura a beihna chu a chakpui tak avanga lawmpuina thu an thawn a ni. An zinga mi Pu Thanga chuan Bawih chhuah hla ‘Aw Lalpa Chungnung ber kan fak hle a che’ tih hla hi a phuah ta nghal a ni, tiin a ziak a (https://proflaldena.blogspot.c...).

Hei hi a dik lo deuh a, Mizorama bawih chhuah a nih hmaa a phuah a ni. Hemi chungchang thu hi Rinngaia Colney chuan, “ ‘Aw Lalpa chungnung ber kan fak hle a che’ tih hla ropui deuh mai chu minute 5 chhung lekin a phuah ta mai a ni. Mi ṭhenkhat chuan hei hi an hresual niin a lang, bawih chhuah thu a hriat avanga a phuah niin an sawi mai ṭhin a, bawih chhuah thu a taka a thlen hma daiha a phuah a ni,” tiin a lo ziak a (https://zalen.in/writer/rev-dr...). K. Zalawma sawi dan chuan a phuahtu Upa Thanga hian Mizorama bawih chhuah a nih hma hian Pathian Thlarau puihnain he ‘Bawih chhuah hla’ an tih mai hi a lo dawng lâwk a. Kum 1910, December thlaa a phuah a ni a, a thlûk hi Redemption Songs No. 439-na 'We Praise You O Lord The Highest' tih hman a ni. A phuah aṭanga kum hnih hnuah Mizorama bawih chhuahna order chu a lo thleng ta a ni. Upa Thanga hming pum chu Lalhmingthanga a ni a, Chawngthûra emaw, Thangthûra tiin an ko bawk ṭhin. Upa Thanga hian hla ama phuah 8 leh leh lehlin 31 lai a nei. A hla KHB-ah 19 lai telh a ni (https://www.facebook.com/group...). He hla hi Mizoram Presbyterian kohhran leh Baptist Church of Mizoram hla bu inṭawm Kristian Hla buah telh a ni a, nambar 434-na a ni.

Tichuan, Zoluti leh Dr. Fraser-a ten theihtawp chhuaha Mizorama bawih ban tura ṭan an lak chuan rah ṭha a chhuah ta a, British sawrkar leh Assam sawrkar chuan Mizorama bawih neih chu a khap ta a. Zoluti leh Dr. Fraser-a chu hnehtu an lo ni ta a ni. Kum 1915 aṭangin Assam sawrkârin bawih bân thu a pe chhuak ṭan ta a, hei vâng hian hemi kuma piang Mizo eng emaw zâtin hmingah an put phah hial a ni. Suhas Chatterjee-a chuan kum 1924-ah Mizoramah bawih ban vek a ni a ti a, Sangkima erawh chuan kum 1927-ah Mizorama bawih zawng zawng bân a ni, a ti thung (Zoram Varṭian phek 71).

Pathian zarah kan dam ang a, kar lehah chhunzawm kan tum ang.