Conference of the Parties 15 neih tur leh a chhehvel

Biodiversity humhimna tur duan chhunzawm a ni leh ta
United Nations hnuaia nungcha leh thlai hrang hrang humhalhna tura ruahmanna siam hna chu kalpui chhunzawm a ni leh tawh a, hei hi kum 10 lo awm leh tur chhunga biodiversity humhimna tura tih a ni.
July thla tirah khan Global Biodiversity Framework draft hmasa chu tihchhuah a lo ni tawh a, Thawhṭanni aṭang khan online-in helam buaipuitute hian meeting an neih chhunzawm leh tawh a, ruahmanna an siam dan chuan September 3 thleng meeting hi an nei ṭhin dawn.

Global Biodiversity Framework hnuaiah hian khawvela leilung leh tuipui 30% tal humhim a nihna tur duan a ni a, plastic thehthang ho tihralna tur leh pesticide hman chu hmun thuma ṭhena hmun hnih tala tihtlemna turte pawh duan tel a ni bawk.

He thuthlung an duan hi kumin October thlaa China-a UN biodiversity summit neih tura pharha pawm tura tih a ni a, mahse Covid-19 vangin kumin hian ram hrang hrang aiawhte chuan hmaichhana inbiakna an nei thei leh dawn lo a, nakkum April atan an sawn hla leh a ni.

Thawhṭanni aṭanga meeting an neih hi draft siamtute meeting vawi thumna a ni tawh a, July 4-a Global Biodiversity Framework draft chu internet lamah hmuh turin an dah chhuak tawh a ni.

Convention on Biological Diversity
Kum 1992-ah daih tawh khan UN hnuaia ram hrang hrang thuthlung Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) chu duan a lo ni daih tawh a, European Union bakah ram hrang hrang 195 laiin an lo sign tawh a ni.
US pawhin kum 1993-ah khan an ramin an remtihna chu lo ziak tawh mah se an pawm tak tak thei loa, he thuthlung hnuaiah hian an awm duh ta lo a ni.

Kum 30 liam ta chhung khan khawvel pum huapa nungcha leh ramngaw humhalhna tur thuthlungte chu ram hrang hrangte chuan CBD hnuaiah hian an lo pawm tawh a, mahse an thil tum hrang hrangte chu an tihlawhtling meuh lo. A bikin colar reef leh khawvel bawlhhlawh zel tur venna kawngah an hlawhchham nasa hle a, sik leh sa pawhin nasa takin a tawrh phah a ni.

Ruahmanna thar an siam
Hetiang tehnuaih a nih avang hian UN hnuaia inbiakna kalpuitute chuan kawng dang an ngaihtuah a, kum 10 lo awm leh tur chhung mai bakah a piah lam thleng pawha ruahmanna thar an duang a ni.
Chu thuthlung pawm thei tura pharh mai tur draft chu an tlangzarh ta a, chumi hnuaiah chuan kum 2030 thlenga hman tur ruahmanna 21 an siam a, chung zinga langsar zualte chu:

• Leilung leh tuipui 30% tal chu tehna dik zawk leh awmze nei zawk hmanga humhim a ni tur a ni.
• Alien species (awmna ngai loa awm thil dah thar) reng reng uar loh. 50% tala awmna ngai loa awm thil dah chin emaw dah thar emaw tihthlem. A theih phei chuan a aia tama tihthlem. Nghawng an neih tihthlemna ngaihtuah bawk.
• Environment-a nutrient bo tur a chanve tala tihthlem.
• Pesticide hman hmun thuma ṭhena hmun hnih tala tihthlem.
• Plastic ṭawih ral thei lo paih tihtawp.
• Greenhouse gas tihthlemna tura hmalakna uar zawka kalpui.
• Kum khata $tluklehdingawn 500 tala biodiversity tana pawi thei thil tihral.
• Nungcha leh ramngaw humhalhna turin kum khata pawisa hman ṭhin chu $tld 200 tala tihpun.

Kunming, China-a conservative meeting neih hunah heng framework document-te hi an ngaihtuah ho dawn a, ram hrang hrang sorkar aiawhte'n an sawi ho ang.
Tuna biodiversity convention an hnaih ber hi COP15 tih a ni a, nikum October-a neih tura ruahman fel vek tawh kha ni mah se hripui leng vangin vawi thum lai an sawn hla tawh a ni.

COP15, Ṭhuang hnihin meeting neih a ni dawn
Conference of the Parties (COP) hi kum 1994 aṭang khan neih ṭan a ni a, a tirah chuan kumtin neih a ni ṭhin. Mahse a hnuah an neih hun tidanglamin, tuna an neih tur hi a vawi 15-na tur ni tawhin kum dang angin an nei thei dawn lo.

Kumin October thlaah hian virtual-in an nei phawt dawn a, nakkum April thlaah hmaichhana inbiakna chu China-ah an nei thung ang. Inbiakna an neih hnua an thutlukna siam chu 'Kunming Declaration' an tih ngei rin a ni a, helam buaipuitute chuan biodiversity treaty ṭha tak an siam ngei an ring.

September 4, 2019 khan COP 15 theme atan hian 'Ecological Civilization: Building a Shared Future for All Life on Earth,' chu hman a ni dawn tih puan a lo ni tawh bawk. Minister of Ecology and Environment of China, Li Ganjie leh CBD Executive Secretary, Cristiana Pasca Palmer-te'n meeting an neih ṭumin COP 15 thupui tur puanzarna hi neih a ni.

COP neih tawhna hmunte chu:
COP 1 - 1994, Nassau, Bahamas
COP 2 - 1995, Jakarta, Indonesia
COP 3 - 1996, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
COP 4 - 1998 , Bratislava, Slovakia
EX- COP 1 - 1999, Cartagena, Colombia
COP 5 - 2000, Nairobi, Kenya
COP 6 - 2002, The Hague, Netherlands
COP 7 - 2004, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
COP 8 - 2006, Curitiba, Brazil
COP 9 - 2008, Bonn, Germany
COP 10 - 2010, Nagoya, Japan
COP 11 - 2012, Hyderabad, India
COP 12 - 2014, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
COP 13 - 2016, Cancun, Mexico
COP 14 - 2018, Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt
COP hi kum 1996 thleng kha chuan kumtin an nei ṭhin a, mahse 1998 aṭang khan kum khat danah an nei ta ṭhin a ni.

Kum 1999-ah khan Extraordinary Meeting of the Conference of the Parties hmasa ber (EX- COP 1)neih a ni a, Cartagena, Colombia-ah he meeting hi an nei a ni. Heta an thutlukna hi 'Cartagena Protocol' tiin an sawi zui.

Nikum November thlaah khan EX- COP 2 chu virtual-in neih a ni bawk.

Dr Pasca Palmer kam chhuak
Kum 2019 September thlaa China Environment minister Li Ganjie nena inbiakna an neih ṭum khan CBD Executive Secretary Dr Pasca Palmer chuan heti hian a sawi:

" IPBES leh IPCC aṭanga scientific report chuan hmalak ngaihna tur chiang takin min hrilh. Kan planet leh mihringte tana hun pawimawh takah hian planetary emergency kan hmachhawn mek a, global community kan nihna angin nungcha leh ramngaw tihchereu loha la awmte chu humhim a nih theihna turin theihtawp kan chhuah a ngaih bakah leilung chhe mek leh nungcha chereu mekte pawh a nihna ngai anga an awm leh theihna tura hma kan lak a ṭul. Kan leilung, ramngaw, tuipui, kan chaw lakna leh leilung thil hrang hrang ren zawk leh daihrei tur zawka kan hmanna turin investment tam zawk kan mamawh a ni.

" Kan hmazawnah hian hna thawh tur tam tak kan la nei a, mihring chanchinah hian tun aia mihring hmalakna a pawimawh ṭum hi a la awm lo hial ang. A chhan chu, planet B kan nei si lo!"

2012 Hyderabad Biodiversity Conference
Kum 2012-ah khan India ramah COP hi neih a lo ni ve tawh a, October 1-19 inkarah Hyderabad-ah neih niin ram 194 aṭangin Environment Minister leh Forests Minister-te an fuan khawm a ni. He conference-ah hian World Bank leh Asian Development Bank-te pawh telin mi 8,000 - 10,000 vel an fuan khawm.