United Nations (UN)

United Nations (UN) hi intergovernmental organisation a ni a, khawvel puma inremna leh himna a awm theihna atana thawkin, ram hrang hrang kara inṭhianṭhat leh thawhhona ṭha a awm theihna tura hma la tu a ni. International organisation lian ber niin New York City-ah headquarters a nei a, hei bakah hian Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna leh The Hague-ah main office a nei tel bawk.

UN hi Indopui II-na hnuah indo chhuak leh tur veng tura din a ni. Kum 1945, April 25 khan ram hrang hrang sorkar 50-te chuan San Francisco-ah conference neiin UN Charter an duang a, hei hi kum 1945, June 25-ah pawmin hemi kum vek October 24-ah hmam ṭan a ni. He pawlin a tumte zingah hian khawvela inremna leh himna a awm theihna atana hmalak te, human rights venhim te, chhawmdawl ngaite chhawmdawl, hmasawnna ngelnghet a awm theihna atana thawh leh international law chawinunte a ni. Din a nih tirh hian member ram 51 an awm a, kum 2011-ah South Sudan-in zawm ve lehin tunah hian member 193 an awm mek a, khawvela sovereign state chu an tel kim deuhthaw a ni.

Structure
UN hian principal organ panga nei mekin chungte chu - General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), International Court of Justice leh UN Secretariat-te an ni. A tirah chuan organ hi paruk niin Trusteeship Council a tel a, mahse hei hi UN trustee territory hnuhnung ber, Palau-in independence a hmuh hnuah kum 1994, November 1 khan tihtawp a ni.

Principal organ panga zinga pali hi New York City-a UN headquarters-ah awmin, International Court of Justice chu Tha Hague-ah a awm thung. Major agency-te chu Geneva, Vienna leh Nairobi-a UN office-ah an awm.
UN hian official language ṭawng paruk a hmang a, chungte chu Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian leh Spanish-te an ni. UN System-ah hian specialised agency, funds and programmes an awm bawk a, chungte chu World Bank Group, World Food Programme, World Health Organisation, UNESCO leh UNICEF-te an ni. Hei bakah hian UN hnathawhna kawngah non-governmental organisation-te chu consultative status pek theih an ni bawk.

UN chief administrative officer chu Secretary-General niin tuna he dinhmun chelh mektu chu Portuguese politician leh diplomat Antonio Guterres a ni. Kum 2017, January khan kum nga term hi a ṭum khatna atan chelhin, kumin June 8 khan thlan nawn leh a ni a, UN Secretary General pakuana a ni. Organisation inenkawlna sum hi member ram hrang hrangten an thawhkhawm ṭhin. UN, a officer leh agency-te hian an hnathawh ṭhat avangin khawvel chawimawina ngaihhlut, Nobel Peace Prize pawh an lo dawng nual tawh.


UN Organ

• General Assembly
General Assembly hi UN-a deliberative assembly pui ber niin, UN member ram zawng zawng an tel. Assembly hian kumtin session a nei a, a ṭul dan azirin emergency session a ko thei bawk. Assembly hi President-in a kaihruai a, hruaitu hi member ram zingah regional basis-in an thlan chhawk ṭhin. Vice president 21 an awm bawk. Session hmasa ber chu kum 1946, January 10 khan London-a Methodist Central Hall-ah neiin ram 51 aiawh an tel.

General Assembly hian inremna leh security chungchang, member thar lakluh leh budget kaihhnawihah thutlukna siamin, hei hi two-third majority vote hmangin lak a ni ṭhin. A bak thil dang erawh chu majority vote hmanga lak a ni thung. Member ram tinten vote khat ṭheuh an nei.

• Security Council
Security Council hian ram hrang hrangte inkara remna leh muanna a awm theihna tur leh, security chungchang a buapui ber. UN organ dangten member ramte hnenah rawtna chauh an siam theih laiin, Security Council erawh chuan Charter Article 25 hnuaiah member ramten tih turah thutlukna a siamsak thei. Council thutlukna siam hi United Nations Security Council resolution tia sawi a ni.

Security Council-ah hian member ram 15 awmin heng zinga ram panga - China, France, Russia, United Kingdom leh United States chu member nghet, permanent member an ni. Non-permanent member 10-te erawh kum hnih term zelin General Assembly-in a thlang ṭhin.

UN resolution chungchangah permanent member pangate hian lo dang turin veto power an nei a ni. Security President hi member ramte hian thla tinin alphabet indawt danin an inchelh chhawk ṭhin a ni.

• UN Secretariat
UN Secretariat hi Secretary-General in a ho a, deputy secretary-general leh international civil servant staff-in an pui a ni. UN body hrang hrangten an meeting-na tura an mamawh, information leh facility-te a lo buaipui sak ṭhin. Hei bakah hian Security Council, General Assembly, Economic and Social Council leh UN body dangin tih tur a tukte an thawk bawk.

Secretary-general hi UN hruaitu leh de facto spokesperson angin a awm. Secretary-general hi Security Council-in a rawt hnuah General Assembly-in a ruat a ni. Post atan hian criteria siam ni lo mah se, kum nga term hi term khat emaw term hnih emaw chelh turin an pawmtlang zui a ni.

• International Court of Justice
UN judicial organ pui ber, International Court of Justice (ICJ) hi The Hague, Netherlands-ah a awm. Kum 1945-a UN Charter-in a din niin, kum 1946 khan Permanent Court of International Justice thlakin hna a thawk ṭan.

ICJ-ah hian judge 15 awmin, kum 9 term a ni. Judge-te hi General Assembly-in a ruat an ni a, judge ṭanglaite hi ram hrang hrang mi an ni zel tur a ni. ICJ hian ram hrang hrangte inkara buaina awm chinfel chu a hna pui ber a ni a; war crime, illegal state interference leh ethnic cleansing chungchanga thubuaite a ngaihtuah ṭhin.

• Economic and Social Council
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) hian economic, social leh development lama ram hrang hrang thawhhona ṭha siamna kawnga General Assembly chu a puibawm ṭhin.
ECOSOC-ah hian member 54 an awm a, hengte hi General Assembly-in kum thum term atan a thlang ṭhin. President hi kum khat term atan thlan a ni. Council hian kumtinin July thlaah annual meeting a nei ṭhin a, New York-ah emaw, Geneva-ah emaw neih a ni ṭhin a ni.