Beekeeping – Loneitute tan Malsawmna

Khuai khawi (Beekeeping) hi Mizote'n kan hmelhriat ve ta hle a, mi tam takin eizawn nan an hmang mek a ni. Pathian zarah kan ramin hmasawnna kawng hrang hrangah a hmu ve zel a, chung zinga pawimawh berte chu Agriculture leh Horticulture lama hmasawn zelna hi a ni. Ram changkanna leh ei leh bara intodelhna hi a inzawm tlat a, chutiang zelin loneitute pawhin nasa takin hma an sawn a, thlai chi ṭha chin leh hmanraw changkang zawk hman dante an thiam a, kawng tinrengah hma kan sawn zel a ni. 

Vanduaithlak takin Covid–19-in kan ram a tibuai a, kawng lehlamah erawh chuan Ei leh Bar intodelh loh pawizia kan zirchhuah phah niin a lang a. Thlai chin kan intihhmuh mek a, a lawmawm tak zet a ni. Thei Huan leh chawhmeh thlai chin kan uar mek lai hian nasa taka min ṭanpuitu, Khuaite hi kan hriat chian loh a hlauhawm hle mai. Chuvangin loneitute tana Khuai pawimawhna leh a khawi dan te, kan hriselna atana an ṭangkainate hi kan ngaihpawimawh hle a ngai a ni. Kan ram chu Tlangram a ni a, sik leh sa nuam tak neiin Thing leh mau chi hrang hrangin a khat a, eng lai pawhin parzu tlan tur a awm a, Lo leh Huan siam lamah hma ka sawn zel avangin Khuai khawi lama hmasawn hi a harsa lo a ni.

Khuaivah leh khuaite kan tih chauh hi kan ramah kan khawi thei a, khuaivah (Apis cerana) hi kan sawi tum ber chu a ni. Khuaivah te hi a huhoa awm (Social insect) an ni a, a bu (colony) an nei a, thing kawrawngah te, Lung karah leh Lei chhungah te an awm mai ṭhin. Bu khatah hian a Lalnu (Queen) pakhat leh a pa (Drone) za chuang te leh a worker sang tam tak an awm tlangpui a, a queen leh worker hi eng lai pawhin an awm a, a pa erawh hi chu new queen siam dawn chauhin an awm ve ṭhin a ni. A queen hi kum 3 vel an dam thei a, a worker leh a pa erawh chu thla 2  vel chauh an dam thei a ni. 

Khuaivahte hi an taima em em a, an chaw ber chu Pangpar zu (Nectar) leh Pangpar me (pollen) a ni a, pangpar chi hrang hrang, par lian leh te reuh te te an bawm kual a, an bu awmna aṭanga km 1 leh a chanve bial chhung hi an chaw zawnna a ni a, zing khawvar aṭanga tlai lam thim thet thet thlengin rim takin chaw thiarkhawm hna an thawk ṭhin. Khawivah hi thingphela bawm siamah khawi mai theih a ni a, modern bee box frame ṭha taka khawi phei chuan hlawk zawkin khawizu a thar theih a ni. 

Ram changkang apiangin khuai an khawi nasa a, China, USA, Maxico, Argentina, Turkey, Russia leh India te hi a khawi nasa leh khawizu thar tam an ni. Khuai kan khawi chhan ber chu Khawizu kan duh vang a ni tlangpui a, mi changkang apiangin khawizu an ei nasa. Khawizu hi chaw ṭha, Pathian thil pek hlu tak mai a ni a, protein leh vitamins te, minerals leh sugar te a pai tam a, Bawnghnute nen phei chuan complete food an ti hial a ni. 

Khawizu 1 kg ah hian 5500 calories energy a awm a, chu chu artui pum 65, milk 13 kg, plum 8 kg, Green pea 19 kg, apple 12 kg leh carrot 20 kg te nen a intluk tawk a ni. Kan ramah chuan damdawi atan (25g per capita per year) kan la hman laiin USA-ah chuan chawhrualin kum tin mi 1 in 1 kg ei ang an ni. Khuai te'n pangpar zu an lakkhawm kha khawizu hnang thlum takah an siam ṭhin a ni. Khawizu hi damdawi chi hrang hrang atan an hmang bawk a, mi tinin kan ei thei a, thisen siamtu ṭha tak a ni. Khawizu hi pai ṭawih a ngai ve lo a, kan thisenah awlsam takin a kal a, rang takin chakna min pe thei a, khawizu kan ei hian taksa mamawh tam tak kan ei a lo ni. Khawizu bakah hian khawihnun te, a Bal te, Royal jelly leh Khuai túr (venom) te hi sum siamna ṭangkai tak a ni thei bawk.

Khuaite hian pangpar an bawmna lamah nasa takin Thei leh Thlai inthlahpawlhna (pollination) a ṭanpui a, khawvela pangpar 90% lai hi an thlah pawlhtir a, chu chuan a rah insiamna a ṭanpui a, thlai a hlawk bik a ni. Khuaivah te hian pangpar chite pu darh turin hmul tha tak an nei a, pangpar mamawh tawk chauhin thla an zap a, pangpar an bawmna lamah an hliam ve ngai bawk lo va, an taksa pian hmang leh an leite hi pangpar nen a inrem a, chi inthlahpawlh tirtu ṭha ber (superior pollinator) an ti hial a ni. Khuaiin kan Thei leh thlai parte an bawm chuan a rah a lo hlawk phah a, a quality a ṭhat phah bawk a ni. Hriak nei chi ah pawh hriak pai a tam phah zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni. 

Khuai khawi hi thil harsa a ni lo a, a tui mi tan chuan nula leh tlangval mai bakah kum lama upa tawh tante pawh a khawi theih a, hna hahthlak tak a awm loh avangin hmeichhia leh naupang tan pawh enkawl a harsa lo a, ram nei ve lo leh mi in luah tan pawh khawi mai theih a ni. Bul ṭanna sum tam tak sen a ngai lem lo a, ni tin hah taka enkawl a ngai si lo a, hna dang thawk chung pawhin a khawi theih a, a hun takah a zu lak tur a lo awm a, side income siamna tha tak atling a ni. Khawizu hi bottle 1 (1 kg) cheng 800 – 1000 lai te'n a hralh theih a, kumtluanin demand a sang em em reng a ni. 

Khuai khawi dan hi chipchiar taka hriat a ṭha a, a khawi tawhte leh training pe theite hnen aṭanga inzir a ṭha ang a, zir chiang hmasaa khawi tluk a awm lo. Khuai chanchin hriatchianna chuan nasa takin kan chhungkaw economics a khawih thei tih hi kan hriat a ṭha hle a ni. Khuai kan khawi chuan kan thlai thar a lo hlawk phah ang a, khawizu tam zawk ei tur kan lo nei bawk ang a, khuai khawi ve lote tan pawh hnianghnar zawka khawizu dik tak ei tur a lo awm tawh ang a, keimahni leh kan vela mite'n khawizu kan ei tam chuan kan lo hrisel zawk dawn a lo ni. Loneitute leh khuai khawi lama tuite'n tun aia nasa hian khuai I khawi uar sauh sauh ila, kan hriselna atan leh Siamtu thil siamte inbuk tawka awmtir lehna, chunglam programme nena inmil thlap a nih avang hian mi tin tan malsawmna hnar a lo ni dawn a ni.