SEIAA LEH SEAC HI ENGE NI LE?

Tun ṭum chu Mizote tana thil thar hlak SEIAA leh SEAC te hi engnge an nih chiah tih i han thlir thuak thuak dawn teh ang. He thumal lamtawi pahnih sawifiah tur hian Pu K.L. Liana te ang deuha Reiek tlang te, ṭhal romei leh chhawrthlapui ilo a han kurpui kual hmasak vel ang deuh hian a kaihhnawih thuhma tlem neih ve a ṭul ve tho mai.

Mizoramin UT kan neih ṭan kum 1972 daih tawh khan Sweden khawpui - Stockholm-ah khawvel ram hruaitu lian tak takte chuan khawvel pum huapin khawmpui lian, “United Nations Conference on Human Environment” chu hapta kar hnih dawn lai (5th - 16th June, 1972) an nei mup mup mai a. He khawmpui hi Environment venhimna lam ngaihtuaha khawvel pum ram hruaitute inkhawmpui neih hmasa ber a ni nghe nghe.

Mithiamte sawi danin he kan chenna khawvel hi a upat tawh tehreng nen, environment zirchianna pawh nei lova kum zabi tam tak khawvel ram hruaituten ram hruai hna an lo kalpui tawh pawh kha thilmak tak chu a ni hranpa ve hrim hrim mai! Kha khawmpui lianah khan khatih hun laia kan India ram Prime Minister Pi Indira Gandhi (L) kha khawmpui hruaitu chairperson a ni nghe nghe. Kha khawmpui rorelnaah khan khawvel pum environment chhe mek siam ṭha tura ram hrang hrangten thawhhona ṭha an neih chhoh theihna turin ruahmanna eng emawzat duanchhuah niin he khawmpui hi khawvel pum ram hruaitute environment venhim pawimawhzia hriatna lama an harhtharna hmasa ber a ni e tiin a sawi theih awm e.

Heng hunlai vel chho hian India ram bikah sawrkara sum chhunluh (revenue) lam duhamna avangin state tam takten revenue chhunluh tur tam zawk an hmuh theih nan an state chhunga ramngaw nasa takin an tichhia a. Hei hi duh lovin sawrkar laipui chuan ramngaw chunga state thuneihna (100%) chu tidanglamin India danpui hnuaiah thuneihna inchen/ inzat chiah - concurrent list (50:50) siam a ni ta a ni. Hetih mek lai hian ramngaw leh nungchate khauh zawka humhalh an nih theihna turin India danpui siam belh a ni a, chungte chu Article 48A (Directive Principle of State Policy) hmangin state sawrkar zawng zawngte chu ramngaw leh nungcha humhalh ngei ngei turin thupek (directive) a siam nghe nghe a ni. “The state shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.” Hei bakah hian Article 51 A(g) ah chuan India khua leh tui zawng zawngte chuan khua leh tui an nihna angin ramngaw leh nungchate an humhalhin an tihmasawn tur a ni. Tin, nungchate chungah lainatna a nei ngei tur a ni a ti bawk. (“It shall be the duty of the citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures”). Hetiang hi a ni chung hian state hrang hrangten hmasawnna (development) an um chak luat tuk avangin ramngaw a chereu chho zel thova. He ramngaw tihchhiatna tiṭhuanawp tur leh chelh ding turin kum 1980 khan Dan thar, khauh tak mai ‘The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980’ chu a lo piang chhuak leh ta a ni.

He dan tharin a tum ber chu khawi i hmun pawh a ramngaw (forest) ti a hriat/ chhinchhiah tawh reng reng chu mimal ram or sawrkar ram a ni emaw central sawrkar phalna ziaka la hmasa lo chuan
ṭhiah phal a ni lo, tih hi a ni bur mai a ni. He dan pawh hi ram pumah vawiin ni thlengin a nihna ang tak chuan zawm a la har ṭalh ṭalh hle. Hemi hnu kum 1986 hian India Parliament chuan dan thar - The Environment Protection Act, 1986 chu India ram chhung bik a hman turin a lo duang chhuak ta a ni.

He mi Dan Sec.3 in a tarlan angin India ram state hrang hrangte chuan hmasawnna project an duan reng rengin chu project chuan environment a khawih chhe dawn em tih hi zawhna hmasa ber chhan fel hmasak ngai ziah chu a rawn hring chhuak ta a. Chuvang chuan eng hmasawnna project pawh duang dawn ila central sawrkar aṭangin Forest/ Environmental clearance hmuh hmasak zel a lo ngai ta ni.

He hi ram pumah thil awm dan a lo nih tak avangin India Sorkar laipui chuan state dang a thuchhuah (Notification) a siam ang bawkin Mizoram chhunga hmasawnna rahbi lian tham chi hrang hrang (developmental Projects) duan mek leh duan chhoh zel tur te reng reng endik hmasa phawt a. A ṭul anga Forest Clearance emaw Environmental Clearance emaw India sorkarin Dan a hman lai “The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986” zul zuiin heng project te hian he Dan hi a kalh a nihngawt loh chuan phalna (prior permission) a pek chhuah zel theihna turin Committee lian tak tak pahnih nikum mai khan a siam thar a, (vide MoEF & CC Notification No: S.O.1143 (E) dated New Delhi the 30th April, 2015). Chung Committee te chu - State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Mizoram leh State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC), Mizoram te hi an lo nita a ni.

He Dan hnuaiah hian tun aṭang chuan Mizoram chhungah pawh sawrkar hnuai ani emaw mimal hmalakna tur ani emaw hmasawnna ruhrel lian tham (developmental Projects) reng reng thawk tura hma latute zawng zawng chuan a chunga committee pahnih tarlan - SEIAA leh SEAC hnenah hian an project ṭan tak tak hmain a hmun zau dan a zirin Forest Clearance or Environmental Clearance a dilin a hmu hmasa ngei ngei tur a ni a; heta tan hian Central sorkarin dilna form (Prescribed format) hmangin a thehlut ngei tur a ni.

Chumi awmzia chu Mizoram sorkar hnuaia hmasawnna project hrang hrang entirnan PWD hnuaia hna lian tham - Highway/kawngpui siam te, Bairabi to Sairang Rel kawng siam te, Mizoram chhim lama Kaladan Multi Modal Transit Transport Project siam mek te, P & E hnuaia EHV transmission line duan tur te, PHE hnuaia tui pipe sei tham tak tak phum tur te, UD & PA hnuaia hma lakna lian tham chi hrang hrangte sorkar leh private Hospital dinna atan te, Industry leh Industrial Estate chi hrang hrang din nante leh a dangte tan hian Forest Clearance/ Environmental Clearance dil hmasak tur a ni a, an dil rual hian kha project tan khan Environment Management Plan (EMP) siamin an thehlut tel ngei ngei tur a ni; he EMP tel lo chuan Forest clearance /Environ-mental clearance pek chhuah theih a ni lo.

Engvangin nge heti tak maia central sawrkar hi environment venhim chung-changa state sawrkar chunga a fir em em lutuk mai le! Mi ṭhenkhat chuan kan lo ti pawh a ni maithei, a chhan ber zawk chu keini Mizote pawh hian environment tichhe lova hmasawnna kan kalpui hi a duh em vang a ni. Chuti ni lova hmasawnna um luat avanga kan rawmngaw leh nungchate kan suat vak vak a nih vaih chuan chu environment chhia chuan kan developmental project hrim hrim pawh hi a rawn vaw chhe let thei nghal a ni tih kan hriat tlan a ṭul. Entirnan Zobawk
aṭanga lo luang tan Aizawl mipui chawmtu Tlawng lui hi a luikam tawn tawn (water shed) chhunga ramngaw leh nungchate kan ti chereu vek a nih chuan Aizawl mipuite hian tui thianghlim in tur chawp leh chilhin kan tlachham nghal mai dawn a ni. Chutiang zelin kan hmasawnna atana pawimawh pakhat kalpui mek 60MW pe chhuak tura beisei - Tuirial Hydro Project pawh hi a lui hnar lama thing leh mau te kan ti chereu a nih vaih chuan he tuikhuah (Dam), Saipum bula mi khuan chawmtu tur tui a mamawh tam tawk a hmu thei lo ang a, beisei angin electric power a pe chhuak tam thei dawn lo a, chutiang a lo nih phei chuan sum tam tak seng a din, he project ngei pawh hi hluihlawn a lo ngai mai dawn a ni.

Chutiang zelin kan environment kan tichhia a nih chuan tunlai khawvel pumin a buaipui mek Global Warming and Climate Change kan tih fo pawh hian kan hriselna leh buh leh bal thar chhuah theihna thlengin a ṭha lo zawngin min nghawng na hle thei dawn a ni.

Chuvang tak chuan Mizoramah pawh eng hmasawnna project (lian tham) pawh duang dawn ila Forest/ Environment clearance nei thei tur hian a chunga kan tarlan SEIAA leh SEAC, Mizoramah EMP thehlut hmasain hma kan la ngei ngei tawh tur a ni. Tichuan, SEIAA leh SEAC tih thumalah chuan kan chiang tawh mai em ooo?

- Lalrinmawia, Ramhlun North