INTHLAN TITI
A hmasain Union Territory kan nih aṭanga Mizoram MLA inthlana vote tlak dan leh sorkarna siamtute han tar lang phawt ila.
1972–72.90% (Mizo Union)
1978–63.27% (PC)
1979–68.34% (PC)
1984–73.43 (INC)
1987–72.51% (MNF)
1989–81.30% (INC)
1993–80.75% (INC & MJD)
1998–76.32% (MNF & MPC)
2003–78.65% (MNF)
2008–82.34% (INC)
2013–83.41% (INC)
2018–81.54% (MNF)
2023 – 80.66% (la danglam leh tur)
Vote tla a ṭhat hian sorkar an inthlak em?
Inthlan apianga ngaihven hlawh em em chu, vote a tlak ṭhat leh tlak ṭhat loh hi a ni ṭhin. Vote tla a ṭhat chuan sorkarna thlak duh avangin neutral vote a tla ṭhaah ngaiin, opposition party lam an lawm viau ṭhin a. Nimahsela, kan electoral history kan en chuan hei hi thu vuvuk mai mai niin a lang.
Data kan en chuan, sorkarna siamtu (party) inthlak hi kum 1972 aṭangin vawi 7 a thleng a; he sorkar inthlakna inthlan hrang hrangah hian ṭum li chu inthlan hmasa aiin vote a tla chhia a, ṭum thum chu inthlan hmasa aiin vote a tla ṭha zawk thung. MNF sorkarna siam kum 1987, 1998, 2018-ah zel a hmaa inthlan aiin vote tla a hniam zawk zel a, INC sorkar dawnin a hma kum aiin vote tla a ṭha zawk zel thung.
Party ngaiin sorkarna a siam zawn hi ṭum li a awm tawh a, chung zinga ṭum thum chu inthlan hmasa aiin vote tla a ṭha zawk zel bawk. He electoral history aṭang hian, vote tlak ṭhat apiangin sorkar an inthlak kher lo tih chiang takin a lang a. Chuvangin, vote tlak dan hi sorkarna inthlak leh inthlak loh hriltu a ni lo tih chiang takin a sawi ngam awm e.
Eng vangin nge vote tla a ṭhat ṭhin?
Tun hnai deuh inthlan aṭangin han thlir ta ila. Mizoram People Forum (MPF) hi kum 2006 khan din a ni a, din a nih hnua inthlan hmasa ber kum 2008 khan Mizoramin MLA kan thlan hnua vote tlak ṭhat ber a ni a (a hun laiin), inthlan lehah pawh a khûm chho bawk. Inthlana kohhran a inrawlh hnu hian inthlanna felfai tak, tun hma aia ziaawm tak kan hmu a, mipui pawhin vote thlak an phur phah ni te pawhin a lang.
MLA inthlana ṭhalaite rawn chet chhuah tak tak hi kum 15 kal ta, 2008 aṭangin a ni a. Kum 2008 inthlanah khan Zoram Kuthnathawktu Pawl (ZKP) bakah, Mipui Ṭangrual Pawl (MṬP), Youth Movement for Mizoram (YMM) leh Mipui Pawl (MPP) an lo lang a. Anni hian inthlan chungchangah thâwm (voice) an nei lian chho ṭan a, ZKP hi UDA-ah an tel tih loh chu pawl dang hian inthlanah candidate an siam lo. Vote erawh tun hma aiin nasa takin a tla ṭha a, sorkarna pawh a inthlak chiang hle.
Kum 2013-ah Zoram Thar Duhtute (ZTD)-te’n thawm an nei a, ṭhalai lehkha thiam tam takin ring an rawlh ve bawk. Nimahsela, an President Pu SL Sailo bak chu inthlana ding an awm lo va, vote a hmu tam lo bawk. Vote tla erawh tun hma zawng aiin a ṭha thung. Heng aṭanga thil lang chiang tak pakhat chu, party pawn lam aṭanga thawm/hmalakna (movement) lian tham deuh a awm hian vote a tla ṭha zel tihna a ni a; sorkar lai duhkhawp lohna a len hian vote a tla ṭha deuh zel tihna a ni.
Tin, vote tlak ṭhat chhan hi party tinin nasa taka ṭan an lak rah a ni thei a; party inbeitawk tak emaw, inhruipawhna lian tak a awm hian vote a tla ṭha zel ni te pawhin a lang. Kumin, 2023-ah hian Election department lam aṭangin nasa takin vote thlak tura inzirtirna (awareness) an pe a, nimahsela, vote tla erawh tun hnai MLA inthlan vawi li chhunga vote tlak chhiat ber a ni thung (chutih rual chuan home voting, facilitation centre leh service vote tla zat la chhiar loh a ni a, vote tla percentage hi a la sang leh dawn tih hre ta ila).
MLA Inthlan leh Ṭhalaite
Kan tar lan tak angin, inthlana ṭhalaite’n thawm an neih hi kum 2008 aṭanga inṭan a ni a. Kum 2013-ah ZTD awm mah se, chuti taka thawm lian an ni hran lo va. Khatih lai khan ṭhalai tam takin party tê, ZNP an thlawp nasa a, Mizoram MLA electoral history-a vote tlak ṭhat ber ṭum a ni nghe nghe. Mahse, MNF leh Congress ruhrel a len sa avang leh, ZNP hi party lian an nih loh avangin tling zo an awm lo va, bial hnihah pahnihna an ni pha a, ZNP vote share erawh nasa taka pungin 17.42% lai a ni nghe nghe.
Kumin inthlana titi lian ber chu ZPM hi a ni. Kum 2008 chho aṭanga inthlan apianga movement hrang hrang lo kalpui ṭhin ṭhalaite khan kum 2018 inthlan dawnah Zoram Exodus Movement (ZEM) an din a. Anni bakah political party pahnih — kan tar lan tak ZNP leh MPC te, pawl dang dang nen pawl pariat lai infinin kum 2018 inthlan chu Zoram Peoples Movement (ZPM) angin an hmachhawn a. Rei lo tê chhung chauh ZPM anga an kal hman chung pawhin seat pawh 8 lai an la nghal thei a. Hemi kum aṭang hian a arh/ṭhang zawngin an kal chho ta zel a. Kumin inthlanah phei chuan beih rawn tham khawpa lian an ni hman a, sorkarna an siam lo a nih pawhin seat an lak zat hi a lêt laia pung tura ngaih a ni.
Kum 2023-ah hian mipui lam aṭangin chetlakna (movement) lian tham dang a awm ta lo va, hei hi tun hmaa sulsu ṭhinte ZPM-a an inbawk khawm vek tak vang a ni thei a; la sorkar lo party, mahse, mipuiin rinna an nghah ngamna a nih vangin ZPM hi an rinchhan te pawh a ni thei. Heti taka ṭhalai rualin party mal an thlawp (support) ṭhat hi Mizoram MLA inthlanah a la thleng lo maithei. Hei vang hian (bial hrang hranga party tinte dinhmun chu thuhran ni se), sorkarna siam turin an dinhmun a ṭha hle.
Anti-Incumbency Wave leh 2023 Inthlan
Sorkar lai ninna hi kum 10 (term hnih) danah a thleng ṭhin tih hi political analyst-te’n an sawi fo dan a ni a, ṭum thum zet chu a zawna sorkarna siam (kum 10) a lo awm tawh vang te pawh a ni maithei. Nimahsela, sorkarna siam lam dahṭhain, a hun lai boruak te, vote tlak dan history te, mipui movement te thlir chuan, sorkar ninna hi kum 5-ah a nasa tawh hle tih a lang thei. Hei hi a chhan pui ber nia lang chu, Chief Minister ngai rengte’n min hruai vang niin a lang a, term tinah hian eng party pawhin sorkarna siam se, Chief Minister thlak zel sela chuan hetiang hi a thlen a rinawm loh a ni.
Vote tlak dan history ringawt en chuan MNF hi an sorkar leh mai ang em, tih tur a ni a. Nimahsela, sorkarna hi term hnih (kum 10) a nih avang ringawta inthlak a ni lo. Sorkar inthlak phenah hian chhan leh vang tam tak a awm a, a langsar lian ber chu sorkar lai ninna hi a ni. Kum 5 lek hnuah pawh mipuiin sorkar an nin em em chuan sorkarna a inthlak thei tho tihna a ni.
Tun term chhovah hian zep nak emaw, Congress hi an dinhmun a hniam em em mai a. MLA pawh an neih tlem ber ṭum a ni. Kum 1998 inthlan khan MLA 6 an nei a, kum 2018 (tun term kal mek)-ah erawh 5 chauh an nei ta a, an MLA pakhatin inthlan hma lawk khan MNF zawmin MNF candidate a ni zui leh bawk. Chuvangin, Mizorama sorkarna an siam ṭan, kum 1984 hnua an dinhmun chhiat lai ber ti pawhin a sawi theih ang. An thâwm a lian hleithei lo niin a lang. Kumin inthlan hi President thar (CM candidate thar) nen an hmachhawn a. Chu vang ni maw, Congress ninna emaw, duhkhawp lohna emaw, ṭha tih lohna lampang hriat tur a vang hle. Chuta ṭanga lang chiang leh pawimawh em em chu, CM candidate hi a ni.
Tuna mipuiin sorkar hi ning em em anga lang hi a nihna takah chuan Chief Minister ni lai an ninna vang chauh niin a lang. MNF ministry hian a sorkar ang chuan hna ṭha tak tak, hriatreng tlak an thawk nasa a; anmahni pawhin an sawi fo – kum dang leh hun danga thleng ngai lo hripui leng te, ṭhenawm ram buaina avanga harsatna te, ṭhenawm state nena innghirnghona te, thil dang dang avanga ram pumin harsatna a tawk chungin, an hnathawh hi a zahpuiawm loh. Nimahsela, chu chuan sorkar nawn leh tur khawpin mipui a hmin zo meuh lo niin a lang a, hei hi Chief Minister ngai ninna vang a ni thei. Tuna kan Chief Minister hi mihring mihrinnaah chuan pa fel leh ṭha, biak nuam, nui sáng reng mai, ngainatawm tak, Mizo pa tak mai niin a hre chiangte’n an sawi ṭhin a; nimahsela, laina hnai induhsakna (nepotism) lamah sawi a kai nasa a, a thusawi leh ṭawng a um pha lo (empty rhetoric) lo deuh ṭhin nia sawi a ni bawk a; Chief Minister term thumna (MLA term 6-na) hmang mek a nih tawh bawk avangin amah nin ngawih ngawihna tham a tling.
Kumin inthlanah pawh MNF lo sorkar ta se, Chief Minister tur chu a ngai bawk ni dawna a lan avangin anti-MNF movement a nasa a. Hei chu zep rual a ni lo, ZPM leh Congress ṭan thlawt lo, awt thlawt lote pawhin MNF hi nasa takin an haw tlat a ni. Duh thlan turin Congress an zuai a, an chuai vanglai a nih tlat si avangin Chief Minister ninna ‘hri’ leng mek hi ZPM hian a hlawkna an tel hlauh thei niin a lang. Anmahni ZPM lam pawhin, chu chu hriain chuti lam hawi zawngin bial tinah campaign rusum an thlak a, an tifuh hlein a hriat a ni.
Kan tar lan tak angin Congress hi bial tam zawkah an la chau em em mai a, bial tam taka inbei ber pawh MNF leh ZPM an ni. Congress chhuahsan tam zawk hian MNF aiin ZPM an zawm zawk zel ni pawhin a lang a. Congress an la thawh zawh meuh loh avangin mipuiah duhthlan tur lian tak pahnih — MNF (sorkar lai, la chak ṭha ve tak) leh ZPM (la sorkar lo, inzuar thiam tak) a awm a, tuna chhan leh vang kan tar lan zawng zawngte nen, ZPM lam hi an buk deuh luih ang em, tih hi ngaihtuahnaah a lian hle.
Party (unrecognise & unregister)/pawl anga vawi khat MLA inthlan an hmachhawnna, kum 2018-ah MLA 8 ngawt an la nghal thei a; zep nak emaw, an tlinga kan rin miah lohna bial ṭhenkhatah pawh inthlan hmasaah khan an tling tlat a ni. Chuta ṭanga a ṭhang zawnga kal chho zel, party lian Congress dinhmun lo hniam sa bawk si, sorkar lai leh Chief Minister ninna nasa ta bawk si a nih avangin kum 2023 inthlanah MLA an neih belh ngei ang tih a chiang a, sorkarna siam khawpin hma an sawn ang em, tih erawh inrinsiak hun lai a ni e. Kei chuan Mizoram political history-a a vawi khatna atan coalition government (ZPM+Congress) a pian ka ring e.
- TS Khupchong