Khawpuia ni tin khawsak man sang zel nghawng leh Sorkar mawhphurhna

Mizoram, a bikin Aizawl khawpui hi India ram khawpui dangte nena khaikhin pawhin ni tin khawsak man (cost of living) a sang ta hle mai. Ni tina eichawp dap leh inhlawhfa tan chuan damkhawchhuak (survive) tura beih fat fat a ngai a. A chhan bulpuiah chuan bungrua kan thiar velna leh motor chuan man (transport cost) sang lutuk te, chawhmeh, thei leh sa man sang zel te, kan ram leilung zir loh vangin in sak a hautakin, in luah man (house rent) a sang em a. Damlohnaa sum sen sang lutuk te, zirna atana sum sen (cost of education) pung zelte hian khawsak a tiharsa hle a. Chhungkaw tam takin kan thawhchhuah tam ber ni tin khawsak sensoah kan hmang a, sum khawl leh peipun (saving & investment) tur kan nei lo a. Retheihna khurah (poverty cycle) tángin, ei ṭawk ṭawk (subsistence) in kan nung a. Dinhmun siam a har a, sum leh pai bakah eizawnnate derthawng takin kan khawsa ve nawk nawk niin a hriat. Khawsak man sang lutuk avangin kan pawisain a lei theih (purchasing power) a tlem a, Aizawlah Rs. 1000-in a lei theih leh khawpui danga Rs. 1000-in a lei theih a inthlauh viau chuan kan rethei zawk tihna a ni. Thupui hrang hrangin sawifiah dawn ila.

1. Zirna senso sang avang a khawsak harsatna: Zirna hi kan zavaia kan mamawh bulpui (basic need), mi harsa zawkte pawhin leirem kan rah theihna tura a lungphum pawimawh ber a ni. Chuvangin, chhung tinin kan phak tawka zirna ṭha kan fate pek kan tum ṭheuh a. A tlangpuiin zirna bulṭhut (Elementary Stage Nursery - Class 8, Class X & XII) ah private school ah kan fate kan kaltir a (Sorkar school dinhmun ṭhat loh vangin). School tin hian anmahni duh danin Admission fee, Monthly fee, hostel fee etc te rate an siam a. School ṭhenkhatah (Monthy fee chauh sawi ta ila) Rs. 1500 bawrte a nih laiin, school ṭhenkhatah chuan Rs. 2500-3000 aia sangte pawh a ni hial a. Fee-ah engmah thununna (ceiling emaw) a awm lo a, quality control pawh a awm lo niin a hriat. Mipuin kan tuar a, a bikin mi retheiten kan tuar zual.

Fa 2/3 nei, tan chuan luhaina tham a tling. Kum 2016 a ni ta em Sorkar chuan Fee chungchangah thuchhuah chu a siam a. Mahse, zawm a hlawh lo hle. Khuahkhirhna awm loin zirna hi sumdawnnan kan hmang mek em aw? Sorkar hian price leh quality control a ngaih pawimawh a hun bakah, kan sorkar school (Public school) te hi kalna tlaka siam vat a ṭul.

2. In luahman sang avanga khawsak harsatna: Chenna tur In hi kan mamawh bulpui, a loa kan awm theih loh a ni leh a. Aizawlah hian mi in luah kan tam ber ang a, kan sum lakluh aṭangin a hláwma kan hman tamna ber pawh in luah man atana kan pek a ni hial maithei (chhungkua a zirin zirna senso pawh a ni thei ang a). In neituin awm an tih ang tawk an chhiar a, tlangram hmun rem loa in sa kan nih avangin insak man a to bakah thingtlang aṭangin khawpuiah kan pem lut (urban migration) zel a, chu chuan chenna In indaih lohna (housing shortage) nasa takin a siam a, kan hmuh ang ang kan luah lo thei lo a, a to leh ṭha lo pawh kan sawi thei lo. Mipuiin kan retheih phahin kan tuar hle a ni.

Hnam dang ṭhian ṭhenkhatte chuan Metropolitan khawpui tam tak nen Aizawla in luah man hi a intluk hial ang tih min hrilh fo.

Mizoram hian in luah man chungchanga thununna dan, Mizoram Urban Areas Rent Control Act 1974 (UT laia mi) kan neih hi ennawn vat a ṭul. Veng hrang hrang grade-a ṭhen a, in luah man bituk a ṭul. In luah man sàn chungchang te, inhnawhchhuah leh in dang luah atana hunbi tiam thlengin siam vat a ṭul.

3. Ni tin mamawh man sang avang a khawsak harsatna: A bikin chawhmeh, thlai leh sa kan lakluh leh tharchhuah pawh tiamin a to hle (Kan la intodelh loh chu kawng khat ni ta se). A tharchhuaktute hnen aṭangin man tlawm zawkin kharchhawngten an lei a, man to takin bazarah an zuar a. Association dinin rate an thunun zel niin a lang. Thlai ṭhenkhat Mizorama kan tharchhuah ngeite pawh hi a tam lai pawn a tlawm chuang lo emaw ni chu aw tih chang a awm. Tin, A buk theih zawng zawng chu kan buk (Kg) a hun tawh. Thei leh thlai pawh kan tel/chheh len zawng a inang lo. Sa man pawh India ram khawpui dangte ngaihtuah chuan a to fal tak zet.

Hripui len laia kan hman zuaih Vegetable Supply Chain ang kha (A ṭul a nih chuan ennawn a) kalpui leh vat a ṭul. ZPM chuan an sorkar chuan Vegetable Supply Chain kalpui an intiam avangin an ti vat turah ngai ila. Tin, CM-in 100 days priority-ah khan State Marketing Board - thlaithar leitu tur din vat an tum bawk a nih kha.

4. Damlohna sum senso sang avang a khawsak harsatna: Health care sector-a Mizoram kan dinhmun derthawn dan chu hripui len aṭang pawh khan a hriat. Sorkar hospital te an changtlung tawk loh bakah mi nawlpui min dawl zo lo a, khawl ṭha te a awm loh vangin investigation ti turin private hospital kan pan a ṭul leh ṭhin. Private hospital tinte hian àwm an tih tawkin rate an siam mai ṭhin. Hei vang hian damlohnaa kan sum sen hi a sangin kan harsat phah viau a ni.

Sorkarin kan damdawiinte a thuam chak (Facilities & manpower) a ṭul hle a. Private hospital-te pawh awmze neia an regulate a ngai. Sorkar hnathawk MR Bill theiten private an pan a, a reimbursed-tu chu sorkar tho a nih avangin bill a lo tam bakah MR a tang rei ṭhin hle.

5. Insak leh a kaihhnawih man sang avanga khawsak harsatna: Vaiho min tihhmuh ṭheka system-ah kan lut chho mek a. Rawng hnawih, cement & thing mistiri, electrician, plumber hnathawkten Association an siam vat a. Market thununin, rate an siam a. Kan tuar tlang vek. Sorkarin a khuahkhirh loh avangin CYMA chuan nikum 2023 March thla khan Cement ṭheka rate an siam!

Ram ṭhang mek kan nih avangin hna tamna construction sector hi market thunun (economic activity in a tawrh loh chinah) a ngai. Tuna kan kal dan ang a, engmah thununtu awm loa kan kal zel chuan, mipuite hi nasa takin rawk kan ni zel ang.

6. Transportation man sang avanga khawsak harsatna: Hei hi kan harsatna bulpui ber a ni. Kan ram awmna a kilkhawrin tlawhpawh a harsa a. Kawngpui hi kan nunna hnar (economic lifeline) tak tak a ni. Sorkarin Maxi cab, 2 wheeler & four wheeler taxi rate-te siam ve mah se, zawm a hlawh lem lo. Chutiang zelin bungrua leh mamawh dang phur pawh inbiakremna leh a neitute chhiar zat a ni zel mai. Transport cost a san miau avangin chu chuan thil dang man zawng zawng a nghawng (ripple effect) ta vek a ni.

Tlangkawmna

Economics zirnaa Law of Demand-ah chuan bungrua (Supply) a tamin thil man a tlawm a, bungrua (supply) a tlem chuan thil man a to ṭhin. Mizoramah chuan he Law of Demand hi kan thunun a, sumdawng pawl Association (Cartel) insiamin market leh inelna kan control a. Keimahni tan chauha ṭha leh hlawk ber (self interest/profit maximisation) in a man kan bituk a. Sorkarin he lam hi a ngaihthah a, inrawlh a tum bawk si loh avangin a chunga kan sawi hrang hrangte khian hlawkna uchuak tak (Profiteering) kan duh a, chu chuan kan vaia harsatna (self destruction) min thlen tih kan hre lo. Khawpuia khawsak a harsain saving leh investment a nghawng a, hma sawn a harsa a ni. Kan mamawh ber chu a chunga kan tarlanahte khian economic activities-in a tawrh loh tawk sia sorkarin market thunun hi a ni.Asst. Professor

- Dr. Daniel Lalawmpuia, Dept. of Economics, PUC