TUIBUR NGE TUR-BUR

Mizote hi zuk leh hmuam ti nasa hnam kan ni a, Cancer vei tam hnam kan nih thu hi kan hre chamchi bawk. National Cancer Registry Programme report (2013) thar bera a lan dan aṭangin India ramah chuan¯Mizoramah, a bikin Aizawl District-ah cancer incidence rate a sang filawr hle. India ram mai pawh ni lo, khawvel pum huapa cancer vei tam zinga mi kan ni hi a pawi hle a ni.

Zuk leh hmuamin cancer a thlen theih dan hrang hrang mi thiamten an sawi fo ṭhin. Mizote nuna hmun chang thuk tak pakhat, tuiburin Mizote min ei chhiat mek dan hi kan hriat tam loh pawl tak a ni awm e. Tuibur hi eng tiang chiaha hlauhawm nge? Damdawi a ni reng em? Tunlai thiamna leh khawl changkang tak hmanga kan zir chianna i lo thlir ho teh ang:-

Mizote leh tuibur

Kan pi leh pute hunlai aṭang tawhin tuibur zuk leh hmuam hi Mizo culture-a bet tlat a ni. Kan pi leh pute khan engtik aṭang chiahin nge an chin ṭan tih erawh hriat a har deuh. Tuibur zuk leh hmuam hi khawvel hnam dang tute mah in an chin ve loh thil danglam tak a ni.

Hmanlai chuan kan pi leh pute khan pemthar damdawi atan te an lo hmang tawh
ṭhin a, khang hunlai kha chuan damdawi dang awm hek lo. Ṭhangthar zingah pawh tuibur hmuam hi ha na damdawi ṭha tak a ni ti tlat an la awm a, upa lam deuh te phei chuan pem thar damdawi a nih an la ring cheu a, saphihrik sehna hmuamhmaa hnawih a ṭha ti te pawh an awm. Pum nâ damdawi atan a ṭha ti pawl an awm bawk a, “Hmuam dak tawh hnu hian han lem ila, pum na te pawh a dam vang vang zel,” ti pawl an awm bawk. A tam mai, kan sawi vek seng lo vang.

Tuibur hi vaihlo vap thlawr tui hmanga zuk, al ṭha tak a ni. Chutiang taka al chuan na chu a zu tichawmawlh a, dam angah an inngai ta ṭhin a ni ber mai awm e. Mahse, tuibur alin nâ a zuk chhawk rual hian tuiburin taksaa thil
ṭha lo a thlen theih (side effect) te erawh kan ngaihtuah thleng meuh lo ṭhin. Tuibur hmang kher lo hian vut aṭanga thlawr tho, chingal hi hmang ta se, a hlauhawmna a nep zawk ang a, nâ a chhawk dan a thuhmun reng tho mai thei; chingal hman ngawt erawh kan tih ngai loh a ni. Mi tam takin tuibur damdawia kan ngai tlat hi kan paih bo a hun a, tuibur ṭhat lohna leh tuibur ṭhat loh dan hi kan hriat chian a
ṭul tawh zawk.

Mizote hian dawhtheihna kan tlachhamin kan ngaih a sam a, damdawi kan ei pawhin a dam nghal loh chuan kan hrethiam lo a; thil ṭha lo kan tih pawhin a ṭhat lohna a lan nghal mai loh chuan kan ngaih a ṭhat loh phah lem lo fo bawk. Chutiang chu kan mizia a nih avangin tuibur hmuam a, damdawi atana hmang ṭhin tam takte pawhin chawp leh chilha tuibur ṭhat lohna a lan chhuah nghal mai loh avangin a ṭhat lohna hmuh tur leh sawi tur an hre hauh lo ang. Mahse, vaihlo aṭanga siam a nih ve tho avangin vaihlo kaihhnawih aṭanga siam zuk leh hmuam chi dangte ang bawkin kan taksaa pawi a khawih theih dan chu a thuhmun reng si a ni.

Mihring hriselna khawih pawi thei thil, tuibur a awm (chemical/ tûr) hrang hrang zir chian nan hian khawl changkang leh ṭha tak tak chi hrang pali hman a ni. Tun ṭumah hi chuan Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) hmanga tuibura tûr hlauhawm awm kan hmuhchhuahte kan tarlang dawn a ni. Aizawl, Kolasib, Champhai, Khawzawl, Lunglei, Ṭawipui leh Saiha
aṭangtea tuibur sample kan lakkhawm te chu ICPMS khawl, Catholic Kwandong University, South Korea-ah zir chian a ni a. Chu khawl hmanga tûr lam chi awm zat hmuhchhuah leh mihring tana hlauhawm thei, natna hlauhawm zawk thlen thei zat World Health Organisation (WHO) leh zir miten an bithliah chin te nen khaikhin leh a ni bawk.

Tuibur chu eng vanga hlauhawm nge?

He zir chiannaah hian Korea rama an khawl changkang tak (ICP-MS) hman a ni a, chu khawl chuan tuibur a toxic metal awmte a thliar hrang char char a, a awm zat nen lam a teh fel nghal vek bawk. Toxic metal tehna/endikna khawl hi chi hrang hrang a awm a, khawl dang tam tak aia ICP-MS a chungnun deuh bikna chu khawl tam tak tena a zuk teh/hmuh (detect) phak loh pawh a teh/hmuh theih avang a ni. Chu mai bakah he hmanrua hmang hian tui lam leh sakhat lama elements/ metal awm hrim hrim leh a awm tam lam thleng a hre thei a ni.

Kan zirchianna aṭanga a lan danin tuiburah hian Toxic metals (mihring leh rannung tana tur hlauhawm) chi hrang hrang a awm ngei a, chung zinga a hlauhawm zual pangate phei chu International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)-in metal chi hrang hrang zinga mihringa cancer thlen thei a tih te a ni nghe nghe. Chungte chu Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) leh Chromium (Cr) te an ni a. Tin, heng toxic metals, tuibura awmte hi a mal khai pawha mihring taksaah pawi nasa tak khawiha natna chi hrang hrang, cancer hial te pawh thlen thei ṭhiau khawpa tûr hlauhawm an ni.

Heng thil ṭha lo, chemical hlauhawm tam tak kan sawi takte hi tuibur thlawrtute vanga lo awm a ni em? An tui hman pawh a thianghlim tawk loh thu an sawi fo bawk si a, eng vang ngawtin nge heng tur hlauhawm hi tuiburah a lo awm tih hi zawhna awm thei tak a ni. Chung zawhna chhang tur chuan tuibur mai bakah, a hranpain tuibur thlawrna atana vaihlo leh tui an hmante kan zir chiang leh ta a.

Tuibur thlawrna atana hmun hrang hranga tuibur thlawrtuten tui an hmanah hian kan sawi tak toxic metals ho hi hmuh a ni ve lo a, vaihloah erawh chuan tuibura kan hmuh let deuh thaw zel hmuh a ni. Kan sawi tak ang khan tuibur pawh vaihlo aṭanga siam a nih ve tho avangin tuibur thlawrna atana an hman vaihloah khan heng thil ṭha lo tam tak hi a awm sa reng vang zawk a ni. Tuibura kan hmuh toxic metals ho hi an thlawrna vaihlo aṭang vêka lo chhuak tihna a ni.

Eng tiang chiaha tam nge tûr a pai?

Tehna dang pahnih, kan ei leh in reng renga metals hrang hrang a hlauhawm chin leh hlauhawm lo chin (permissible limits) tehkhawng fel fai tak, United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) leh World Health Organisation (WHO) ten an duan sa leh tuibura toxic metals awmte kan khaikhin leh a. Tuibura Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd) leh Lead (Pb) te hian phal chin bak (permissible limits) an pel chiang hle a, mihring taksain a do let theih aia tam fe a awm a ni. Nickel (Ni) leh Chromium (Cr) te erawhin phal chin (permissible limits) pel ve lo mah se an hlauhawmna a nep phah chuang lo a, mihring taksaa a lo inkhawlkhawm khan mihring tana pawi thei chin a thleng thuai ṭhin. Heng toxic metals te hian phal chin an pel emaw pel lo emaw, kan hriat loh hlanin kan taksaah tlem tlemin a inkhawlkhawm a. Heng toxic metals hian kar lovah nasa fein kan taksa a lo ei chhe hman ṭhin a, kan taksaah natna eng emaw a lo lan chhuah meuh chuan pawi nasa tak an lo khawih tawh tihna a ni.

He zir chiannain a tum ber chu Mizo mipuiten tuibura ngaih dan âtthlak tak kan neih ṭhin te paih bo a, tuibur hi vaihlo
aṭanga siam a nih ve tho avangin mihring taksa khawih chhe thei, tûr tam tak (toxic metals) pai, natna chi hrang hrang, cancer hial pawh thlen thei khawpa thil ṭha lo a ni tih inhriattir hi a ni. Chuvangin, tuibur hi damdawi ni lovin, mihringte tana thil ṭha lo tak a ni tih hi hre thar tlâng ila, tuibur avanga natna hlauhawm tak tak kan neih theihte pumpelhna awlsam ber chu tuibur hman loh/ tih loh hi a ni.

- Rebecca Lalmuanpuii

Department of Chemistry, MZU