T.B. UMBO TURIN I ṬANGRUAL ANG U
Kum 1882, March 24 daih tawh khan TB hrik hi German mi thiam Dr. Robert Koch-a'n a lo hmuchhuak daih tawh a. March 24 hi World TB Day atan kum tin hman a ni nghe nghe a, Mizoramah pawh kum tin hman ve ṭhin a ni. Ni tin India ramah TB vei thar 5000 aia tam hmuhchhuah a ni a. Chutih laiin, TB vanga thi hi ni tin mi 1000 vel zel awm anga chhut a ni bawk. Mizoramah hian chawhrualin ni tin TB vei thar 6-7 zel hmuchhuak ang kan ni.
Mizo ten Ngawr kan tih mai TB (Tuberculosis) hi Mizoramah kan hmelhriatna a lo rei ve ta hle mai. Thihna tam tak hi he natna avang hi a ni a tih theih awm e. TB hian kan khawtlangah leh chhungkuaah nghawng a la neih reng avang hian inzirtir thar leh, he natna chungchang hrim hrim hi kan vei thar a ngai a. Mi tintena kan vei theih TB tibo turin kan ṭanrual a ngai tak zet a ni.
Boruak kaltlangin TB natna hi a ṭaidarh a. Tichuan, Chuap TB natna nei (Pulmonary TB) kha a khuh emaw, a hahchhiau emaw, chil a chhah emaw khan amah aṭanga siper, te tak te te (droplet) TB hrik pai boruaka lo leng chhuak kha mi tu emawin lo hip lut ta se la, TB natna a lo kai thei a ni. Kum bithliah leh dinhmun inthliarna awm hauh lovin he natna hi tu pawhin kan kai thei a ni. Chuap TB vei enkawl loh phei chuan kum khat chhungin mi 10-15 a kaichhawng thei hial a ni.
He hrik hi boruak a leng kan hip luh avangin inkaichhawn a awl em em a, mahse TB veiin damdawi ṭha taka a ei chuan tihdam theih a ni tih kan hriat a ṭha.
TB hi hlawm lian pahniha then a ni a :-
1. Chuap TB (Pulmonary TB) : TB vei zinga zaa 85-90 hi Chuap TB vei an ni a. Mi dang an kaichhawng thei. Chuap TB natna veitena an tih tur pawimawh ber pakhat chu an khuhin emaw, an hahchhiauin rawmawl fai emaw puanin an hnar leh ka an hup tur a ni. Hemi piah lama kan hriattur chu Chuap TB veiten TB damdawi an ei aṭanga kar rei loteah TB natna hrik mi dangah a kai thei tawh lo anga ngaih a ni.
2. Chuap pawnlam TB (Extra Pulmonary TB): TB vei zaa 10-13 hi Chuap pawnlam TB – Ruh, Ril, Ṭhalbe, Kal, Vun leh a dangte an ni. Chuap pawnlam TB erawh hi chuan tu mah an kaichhawng ve thei lo tih kan hriat a ṭha awm e.
TB hi vei awlsam bik an awm a, chung mite chu :-
i) Zuk leh hmuam heh mite
ii) Taksa chakna pai tam chaw ṭha ei tlemte
iii) Zana pindan up tak leh chep taka riak ṭhinte
iv) Zu leh ruihtheihthil ti ṭhinte
v) HIV hrik paite
vi) Cancer veite
vii) Zunthlum veite.
TB natna laka inven dan ṭha ber chu kan taksa tichhe thei laka kan filhlim hi a ni.
A lanchhuah dan tlangpui han tarlang leh ila :-
1. Chawlhkar hnih emaw a aia rei khuh
2. Chawlhkar hnih emaw a aia rei khawsik
3. Khak thi
4. Chaw ei tui lo
5. Rihna tlahniam
6. Thawhah
7. Zan lama thlanfim tla
8. Ṭhalbe bawk
Heng bakah hian a awmna hmun azirin a lanchhuah dan a danglam thei tih kan hriat tel a ṭha awm e.
TB leh HIV hi inlaichhinna thuk tak an nei a, HIV/AIDS hian thisena natna hrik dotu a eichhiat ṭhin avangin TB an vei awlsam em em a, TB veiin HIV/AIDS hrik a pai emaw chuan rang zawkin taksa a chhiatpui ṭhin a ni. HIV/AIDS vei zingah zaa sawmsarih (70%) zelin TB an vei anga chhut a ni a. TB vei zaa sawmpathum (13%) zelin HIV/AIDS hrik pai anga chhut a ni bawk.
Multi Drug Resistant TB–MDR-TB (TB Benvawn)–TB veiin TB damdawi a ei tur ang a ei ṭhat loh avangin leh, a ei hun chhung a ei kim loh avangin he MDR-TB hi a vei thei a. Tihdam harsa leh hlauhawm mi dangte kaichhawn awlsam tak a nih avangin a veiten ṭha taka kan ei hi kan mawhphurhna a ni.
TB hi boruakah chiah a inkai theih a. Bungbel inhman ṭawm te, chaw eiho leh tuino inhman ṭawmte leh inkhawihin a kai theih loh a ni.
TB umbo a nih theihna tur chuan a vei te hmuh chhuah vat a, enkawlna pek vat a pawimawh a. TB vei rinhlelhte inentir tura hriattir vat te, TB vei thei awm mi zawnchhuah te hi kan zavaia kan tih vek theih a ni. Mipuite pawhin a dona kawngah kan theihna zawn ṭheuhah hma la turin kan inchah a ni.
Sawrkar damdawi In – UPHC/CHC/PHC ah a thlawnin khak a exam theih reng a. Tin, TB i inringhlel a nih chuan Health and Wellness Centre emaw Sub-Centre emaw pan vat ṭhin ang che. TB damdawi pawh a thlawn vekin damlo tan a awm a ni.
TB veite endawng mai lo la, an dam ngei theih nan ṭanpui la, an harsatna hriatthiampuia enkawl hi mi tin mawhphurna a ni.
TB umbo turin i ṭangrual ang u.
- C. Lalduhawma, District TB Centre, Falkawn