WORLD DAY AGAINST CHILD LABOUR
United Nations peng pawimawh tak pakhat International Labour Organization (ILO) chuan kum 2002 aṭang khan khawvel pumah dik lo taka kumtlinglote chhawrna titawp a, ûm bo a nih theih nan June 12 hi World Day Against Child Labour-ah a puang a. Khawvel pumah he ni pual hian sorkar emaw pawl huap emaw, mimal angtea hma lain, dik lo taka naupang chhawr tihtawp a nih theih nan zirtirna pekna ni atan (awareness campaign) leh harsatna tawk naupangte ṭanpuina hun atan hman ṭhin a ni.
Thu ken neiin he ní-ah hian auhla pawimawh tak neih ṭhin a ni a, 'Let's act on our commitments: End child labour' tih hi kumin 2024-a Wolrd Day Against Child Labour auhla turin International Labour Organisation chuan a thlang a ni. "Dik lo taka naupang chhawr titawp turin kan intiamkamna ang ngeiin hma i la ang u,” tiin sawi chhawng ta ila kan sawi sual tam awm lo ve. Child labour hrilfiahna zau zawk han tarlang ila–International Labour Organization chuan hetiang hian child labour a hrilhfiah a ni:
• Eng hna pawh naupang nihphung hlohtir theitu
• Hna reng reng naupang theihna leh zahawmna hlohtirtu emaw,
• Naupang taksa, rilru leh ngaihtuahnate hmasawnna leh ṭhanna dâl theitu emaw,
• A zirna tibahlahtirtu emaw zirna chawlhsan ngai khawpa thawh ngai hna.
Dan pêla naupang chhawrna ûm bo turin ram hrang hrangin hma an la nasa hle a; indo vang te, hripui leng vang leh harsatna dang vanga ram hrang hrang ei leh bar dinhmun a tlakhniam avangin a ûm bo kawngah hmalak chak a har hle. He hmalakna hi khuarei daih hmasawnna–Sustainable Development Goals nen kal kawpin, kum 2025-ah chuan naupang chhawr luih te, sal ang maia naupang chhawr te, naupang hralh chhawn te, sipaia ṭang tura naupang tirh luihte leh dik lo leh tenawm taka naupang chhawrte titawp tura khawvel huapa hmalak a ni.
India ram dinhmun han thlir ila. Naupang chhawrna titamtu chu inchhung khur hna thawka mi dang ina inhlawhfakna (domestic work) te, sumdawnna hmuna naupang chhawr te, ei leh in siamna leh zawrhna hmuna naupang chhawr te, bawlhhlawh hâia naupang inhnamhnawihtir leh kutdawh tura naupang nawr luihte a ni. Heng karah hian hursualna leh innghaisaknate leh ruihhlo tawlhnaa naupang inhnamhnawihtirte a thleng fo.
India ram hian dan leh inrelbawlna ṭha tak tak a nei a, naupangte an lo him zawk nan leh an dikna chanvo an chan theih nan dan hrang hrang siam a ni a, chung zawng zawng chu kan tarlang seng vek kher lo ang a, a langsar zual han tarlang ila.
Pakhatnaah chuan, India ram Danpui Article 23-na chuan mihring hmanga sumdawnna te, kutdawh tura intirh luihte leh dan kalha inchhawr luihna reng reng a khap tlat a. Article 24-na chuan kum 14 hnuai lamte chu thil siam chhuahna hmun (factory)-ah te, lungalhthei khurah emaw, tuialhthei khurah emaw, quarry-ahte leh naupang hriselna atana ṭha lo leh pawi theiah thawhtir a phal lo.
Pahnihnaah chuan, 'The Child & Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986' hi naupang (kum 14 hnuai lam) leh tleirawl/rawltharte (kum 14-18 inkar) dik lo taka chhawr an nih loh nana venhimnna dan leh, a chhawr luitute hrem theih hialna dan a ni. Nu leh pate pawhin an fate kum 14 hnuai lam chu zirna in an kai hun chhung (school hours)-a an zirna tibahlah khawpa chhungkaw hna ṭulah pawh chhawr lo tur leh mi dang hnuaia inhlawhfa tura tirh chhuah a remti lo. He dan vek hian zan dar 7:00 aṭanga zing dar 8:00 inkarah tleirawlte inhlawhfaa chhawr a phal lo bawk.
Tleirawl zawkte tana thawh phal loh hna hrang hrang a duang bawk a. Kum 14-18 inkarte hi pumrua leh hmelhmangah pawh puitling ang maiin lang mah se, an taksaah danglamna leh hmasawnna la insiam mekte an nih avangin an hriselna atana pawi thei tur te, an nunna atana hlauawm ang chi reng rengah inhlawhfak a khap tlat a ni.
Pathumnaah chuan, Domestic Worker’s Welfare and Social security Act, 2010 pawhin kumtlinglo (kum 18 hnuai lam)-te chu hlawh neia mi dang ina inchhung khur hna thawka inhlawhfaa chhawr a remti lo. India ram pawnah hial kumtlinglote hna thawka tirh chhuah thâwm a awm ta fo mai; heng hi dan phal loh a ni. Kumtling tawh pawh ni se, hna thawka mi dang India rama tir chhuak tur chuan The Emigration Act, 1983 Section 10-in a phût angin The Proctor General of Emigrants (PGE), Ministry of External Affairs hnuaiah licence neih a ngai a ni.
Tichuan, kumtlinglo tirh chhuah kawngah document lem hmanga tir chhuaktu bakah, kumtlingloin document lem a neih theih nana inhnamhnawih zawng zawng chu IPC Section 465, 468 leh 471 (punishment for forgery, forgery for purpose of cheating, using as genuine as forged document) hmanga kum 7 thleng lung ina tâng tura hrem theih an ni a. Document dik lo hmantirtu emaw, a siamna kawnga inhnamhnawih zawng zawngte chu he dan hmanga hrem theih an ni. Kumtlingloin mi dang bum nan document lem a hmang a nih pawhin a chungthu chu Juvenile Justice Board-in a ngaihtuah thei. He dan hian document dik lo siam te, document dik lo hmanga mi dang bumte a khap tlat a ni.
Palinaah chuan, Beedi & Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act, 1966 a awm leh a; he dan hian naupang reng reng meizial leh a kaihhnawih siam chhuahnaah chhawr a remti lo.
Panganaah chuan, The Factories Act, 1948 chuan naupang kum 14 hnuai lamte chu khawi factory-ah mah chhawr a phal lo a, kum 14-18 inkarte pawh zirtirna dawng hmasa loa khawl thil enkawl tur emaw, hmang tur emawa chhawr a remti lo.
Paruknaah chuan, The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 hnuaiah nawhchizawrhna leh a kaihhnawiha naupang inhnamhnawihtirtu chu hreawm tuar tura kum 7 aia tlem lo lung ina tang tura hrem theih a ni.
A tawp berah chuan, The Juvenile Justice (Care & Protection) Section 78 chuan ruih theih thil leh a kaihhnawih zawrhtirtu emaw, inpek chhâwnnaa naupang inhnamhnawihtirtu chu hreawm taka kum 7 thleng lung ina tâng tura hrem theih a ni. Section 79 chuan hna thawk tura naupang hrêng luitu emaw, naupang hlawh hrensaktu chu kum 5 thleng lung in tâng tura hrem theih a nih thu a tarlang bawk.
Khawvel hmasawn zelah naupang ngaihsak kawngah kan ṭhangharh chho zel a, a lawmawm tak zet. Nu leh pate pawhin mahni fate tana ṭha tur leh an hmakhua atana an mamawh kan pek theih nan tiin rim takin kan thawk a. Heng karah hian an mamawh kan pek piah lamah an tana kan awm a ṭul hle a; an tan hun kan pek te, anmahni chîk lehzualte leh harsatna an hrilh ngamna ni tura ṭan lak thar tum zel ila.
Chutih rual chuan, kan in chhung khur piah lama naupang awm te, kan ṭhenawm khawvenga mite emaw, kan hriat lem loh lam laka kan tawhte hian harsatna an tawk em, dik lo taka chhawr an ni em, tihte kan chîk a ṭul. Kan fate bakah kan bul hnaia mite hi kan ngaihven tel loh chuan kan fate nena khawvel la hmachhawn tlang tur leh hna la thawk tlang tur te, la inṭhenawm khawveng turte an ni a, mi dang harsatna kan ngaihzam lutuk chuan harsatnain hlet ṭha lo a chhuah kha a tuartu kan la ni tel ve thei a ni. Harsatna tawk rih lo mah ila, kan chhehvela thil dik lo leh harsatna thlengte hi kan ngaihven ve a ngai a, chumi tur chuan taimak leh tlawmngaih kan chhuah lehzual a ngai.
A bik takin vawiin, World Day Against Child Labour-ah hian dik lo taka naupang chhawr luih te, kum 14 hnuai lamte pawh zirna kawng zawh thei lo khawpa an chhawr kan hmu a nih chuan hma latu kan ni thei tih hre thar leh ila a duhawm hle ang.
Naupang laka dan kalha chêtna do turin police emaw, danhremi emaw, sorkar thuneitu emaw nih kher a ngai lo. Tute'n emaw a huhoa an do tura daha rálbànsan mai loin, dan kalha naupang laka chetna kan hmuh leh hriatte thuneitute hnena kan thlen hian dan kalha chêtna a veng tih hriain, naupang venhimna kawngah theihtawp i chhuah tlang ang u.
Naupang laka dan kalha chêtna thleng kan hria a nih chuan Mizoram State Commission for Protection of Child Rights office, J Lalsangzuala Building, Mission Vengah emaw, district tina District Child Protection Unit-ah emaw, police station hnaivaiah kan thlen zel dawn nia. Tin, darkar 24 chhung biak theihin Child Line 1098 a awm bawk.
- Priscil la Lallawmsangi,
Legal Officer, Mizoram State Commission for Protection of Child Rights Govt. of Mizoram