Sap Sikul Buan-ah!

‘Keichala ṭhian Lalruanga buan-ah’ an tih kha chu Lalruanga seh hluma ei zawh vek an tum vang a ni a; kan pi leh pute huna inbuan erawh infiamna leh inhmelhriatna atan a ni ber. Sap sikul kan uar ta viau mai hi kan hnam hnuk khawih chhe thei a ni tlat mai. Eng tak nge a nih hre chiang turin a kawchhung phawrha a taksa chan darh a ṭul a; chumi thu-ah chuan sap sikul lam ṭangho ka rawn cho fiam vel dawn a ni.

Education nghahchhan lungpui pawimawh zual bikte chu philosophy leh psychology an ni a, mumal leh chak taka education a kal theih nan sawrkar enkawlna (state guardianship) leh, chumi ken tel act/ rule/ regulation te, programe/ policy te a awm ngei ngei bawk.

Educational philosophy chuan eng nge zir tur, eng vanga zir tur nge kan nih (what & why of education) a thlur bik a; Educational psychology chuan a hlen chhuah dan (how, when and where of education) lam min zirtir thung. Sawrkar pawhin a tha chakna leh sum leh pai tam tak sengin, education enkawl nan, dan leh hraite siamin a keng kawh bawk a. Programme/ policy pawimawh tak tak duang chhuakin commission hial pawh a din ṭhin.

Primary school naupang lehkha zir/ zirtir nan pianpui ṭawng kan hmang ngei ngei tur a ni (sap sikul a ṭul miah lo) tih hi, heng education nghenchhan pawimawh bik pathumte aṭang hian kan bih chiang dawn a ni.

A hmasa berah chuan pianpui ṭawng hlutna hre chiangtu, naupangin an pianpui ṭawngin lehkha an zir phawt tur a ni tih ngaih dan nei nghet tlur mai, heng philosophers leh Educationists ropui Plato, Rosseau, Martin Luther, Comenius, M.K.Gandhi, Rabindra Nath Tagore te chauh pawh hi, an chanchin leh ṭawngkamte tar lang lo pawhin, an hming ringawt pawh hi thiam channa tham a ni.

Plato-a thupui ‘mahni inhriat chian’ hi pianpui ṭawnga innghat a ni. Naturalist Rosseau aṭanga lo chawr chhuak ‘child-centred education’ pawh, zirna kha ‘naupang ta’ dik tak ni tur chuan, naupang ṭawng hriat thiam ber, a pianpui ṭawng hmanga tih tur a ni. Mihringte ze ṭha (personality traits) chhawm chhuaka ti-puitling tur leh, Pathian hmuhna atan pianpui ṭawng a ṭha bik tih chu Martin Luther leh puithiam Comenius-te thupui pakhat a ni. Hnam pa Gandhiji-a ‘Nai Talim” (Basic Education) te, Tagore-a Shantiniketan te pawh pianpui ṭawng chawi vulna ram an lo ni bawk si.

German mi ril Froebel-a sikul din chhuah, Kindergarten (KG) (Garden of children) te pawh hi a innghahna thuthlung chu ‘naupang pianpui zia hlutsakna’ (recognition of the native capacity of children) tih a ni daih mai. Mizo naupang sap ṭawng hmanga i zirtirna kha KG i ti maw? Kan naupan laia hmusit taka ‘Venghnuai masi sial chu bawng a ni’ kan tih ang chauh a ni. ‘My head - ka pa lu’ tihte pawh a ang deuh tho.

Psychology lamah chuan, “Pianpui ṭawng hi finna kailawn a ni” (Mother tongue-a necessary step to intellectual development) tih thu ringawt pawh hi kan ṭanhmun tichiang turin a tawk viau mai. Psychologist-te’n min hrilh leh pakhat chu- miin pianpui ṭawng (e.g. Mizo) a thiam hnu-ah ṭawng dang (e.g. English) zir leh se, khami ṭawng (English) a hriat thiam dan kha a ril/chiangkuang thei bik niin an sawi. Pu JF-a kha sapṭawng thiam kan ti tak na a, English literature thuk tak tak-ah chuan a aia thiam zawk tur kha Mizo zingah pawh an awm nual mai. Amaherawhchu Pu JF-a chu Mizo ṭawng thiam tak a nih avangin, English lamah pawh bu a khuarna lai vek vekah chuan tluk loh rim a nam. A hre fai fel tlat. Kan pate leh kan rual u, sap ṭawng thiam ril tak takte pawh kha, ‘mai a lum hui-ah!’ tih zir thiam hmasa an ni.

Philosophy leh psychology lamah chuan sap sikul chuan ṭan hmun sawi tur a nei ve ta lo phawt mai a. Sawrkar lamah tal hian beisei tur a awm em, i lo en chiang teh ang hmiang:

(i) Indian Education Commission hmasa ber, Hunter Commission (1882) chuan Primary school inzirtirna atan tual
ṭawng(vernacular) chauh hman tur a ti.

(ii) All India National Education Confe­rence, Wardha(1937) pawhin zirtirna ṭawng (medium of instruction) atan pianpui ṭawng ngei hman tur a ti bawk.

(iii) Kothari Commission (1964-66) pawhin primary school-ah chuan ṭawng pakhat chauh, mother tongue emaw regional language emaw hman tur a ti.

(Keini Mizorama cheng Mizote tan chuan mother tongue, vernacular, leh regional language chu Mizo ṭawng a ni vek mai).

Heng hnu-ah hian National Policy on Education (NPE) 1968 te, NPE 1986 te, NPE - revised (1992) te pawhin language policy kan sawite khi an pawm zui zel a. “Ṭawng chungchanga rawtna lo awm tawhte hi siam ṭhat leh tur chuang awm lo khawpa ṭha an ni a” an ti deuh kher.

Heti khawpa hriattirna fiah fai chiangkuang tak a awm chung pawha sawrkar sikul (primary)-te English medium-a kan han let tlat mai hi a mak ti raw? Policy matter-te hial pawh a thlarau ken (rationale) chang phak tur khawpa kan han zir chiang peih lo ṭhin hi chu a lungchhiatthlak e!

Hriatna leh thiamna-in a delh ngheh loh department hi chu mipui haw haw thawmah kan hawi sawn vel mai mai a nih hi! Mipui lamah lah thu ngam pui pui hi kan tam a, thiamna (competency) kan neih lem lohna lamah pawh huai tak takin ngaih dan (rin thu) kan sawi mai ṭhin. Chutianga khabe sep sual zingah chuan kan hruaitu zahawm Pu R.Vanlawma (RIP) meuh pawh kha a tel ve. Ani hi kan hnam lunghlu tlang lian pakhat chu a ni ve ngei mai. Amaherawhchu, ren tin daih (all-rounder) a nih bik loh avangin, zirna lama a rualawhna thinlung chu duhawm mah se, a thlirna tarmit erawh a fiah tawk bik lo a ni.

English hi naupan tet aṭangin zirtir ila an thiam mai ang... Ralleng ho pawhin chutiang chuan an ti... tih vel hi chanchinbu-ah a ziak fo ṭhin. (Mi dang pawh an awm). Ka chhang chak ṭhin hle a, mah se ka ṭhulh leh ṭhin. Ani kha mi huaisen, inhnialnaa tlawm zawka ṭang thiam mang lo a ni a. Chu bakah ‘policy matter’ a ni a, a chhang tur kan hotute an awm ṭhup laia kei zirtirtu (thawk lai) lo iak ve mai mai kha a hun chiah lo deuhvin ka hre bawk.

Tin, YMA ka chawlhsan dawn kum, confe­rence thupui sermon ka ngaihthlak hnuhnung ber ‘Aia upa zah’ (Chaltlang, 1992?) kha bengah a la cham deuh bawk nen, ka lehkha ziak sa pawh ka nuai hlawm leh ta mai mai a. Ka inchhir hnuhnawh deuh hle. Kan hotute tumah lah khan an chhang ta lem hlei lo va. Mipui lah hian ngaihdan thar eng emaw hlek hi kan bawr deuh hluai ṭhin bawk nen. A pawi zo ta a nih hi!

Ralleng ho Mizoram sual ngaihdam dilpui tura an lo kal pawh khan, kan pu bawk hian ‘Rallengho chu sapṭawngin an ṭawngtai a, an ṭap bawk a’ ti lam deuh hian, rual awt takin a ziak leh bawk. Ani hi pa rawn, a thu leh hla kan ngaihthlak tam ber pakhat a ni a, mi rilru hruai zawngin thu a ziak thiam ṭhin hle mai leh nghal a, sap sikul lo punlun taah hian ‘mentor’ pakhat chu a ni ve ngei mai. (Chanchinbu hlui ka keu hman loh avangin kum, ni leh thla, ṭawng­kam chiah chiah ka dah thei lo va a pawi hle).

Damdawi lam te, zirna lam te, Pathian Thu leh thiam thil bik thil dang reng rengah a thiam bikte chauh sawi tur chin hi i thliar hrang thiam tawh ang u. Mi thiamte pawhin an pawimawhna laiah chuan hnam tan huai takin thu sawi zel rawh se.

Kan hlimna leh lungngaihnate hi pianpui ṭawng hian a hril chiang ber. Pathian chu sawi loh, mihring biak nan pawh ṭawng zir chawp leh pianpui ṭawng danglamzia chu, Pu R.Vanlawma ang bawka politiks ek chhe tuartu Nelson Mandela chuan heti hian a sawi thung: “A ṭawng thiam thaw-khat (zir thiam chawp) hmanga mi i biak chuan, a rilru-in a lo dawngsawng ang. A pianpui ṭawnga i biak erawh chuan, a thinlung i kik hawng ang” (If you talk to someone in a language he/she understands, that goes to the person’s head. If you talk to somebody in his/her language, that goes to the heart).

A hun leh hmun a zirin vai ṭawng/ sap ṭawng-a kan ṭawngtai hun pawh a awm ang. Amaherawhchu, kha ṭawng kha amaha rawn dawk chhuak zawk thei khawp (spontaneously)-a nala thiamna (mastery) kan neih phak loh chuan, kan thinlung ni lovin kan rilru zawkin kan ṭawngṭai ngei ngei dawn a ni. Tin, Pathian aiin min lo ngaithlatute lam kan vengthawng zawk fo bawk ang.

Pathian pawhin hnam tinte chu anmahni ṭawng vekin a be si ṭhin a, Pathian biak nan pawh pianpui ṭawng a ṭha ber dawn a nih chu. Pianpui ṭawng kan humhalh theih nan Mizo medium Primary school i chawi sang zel ang u.

- L.B.Tluanga