PIANGSUAL RUALBANLO; SAWRKAR LEH KOHHRAN MAWHPHURHNA (3rd December, 2020: International Day of Person with Disability)

Piangsual leh Rualbanlote puala ni hman ṭhinah hian an puala thuziak ve hi an tana ka tih theih ve pakhat nia ka hriat avangin kan ziak ve a ni. 

Hma la bertu tur leh khaipa ber tur sawrkar lah hi commissioner an ruat tawh ṭhin dan thlir hian rualbanlote hmakhua aiin mahni ṭanghma ngaih­tuah hmasa an ang mah zawk bawk si a, thurawn an ngaithla liam puat dawnin a lang tlat bawk si. Chuvangin, Kohhran lam tihtur kan sawi tel dawn a ni. 

Sap ṭawnga ‘disabled’ tih hi Mizoten ‘piangsual’ leh ‘rualbanlo’ kan tih hi an ni mai awm e. Piansualna chu taksaah emaw rilru lamah emaw kan nih tur ang nih phak loh avanga kan chet velna leh kan hriatna thlenga nghawng a neih hi a ni kan ti thei ang. 

Person with Disability (PWD) Act 2005 chuan piangsual rualbanlo a tih chinte chu mitdelna leh khaw hmuh fiahlohna (blindness & low vision), beng chhet/ ṭha lote (hearing impairment), taksa che thei lai che vel thei lo (loco motor disability), rilru lama piangsual (mental retardation and mental illness) leh phar vei dam leh tawhte (leprocy cured) an ni tlangpui a ni. 

Piansual rualbanlohna hi pian pui a awm a, hrisellohna leh accident vanga thleng te pawh a awm thei a ni. Kan piansualna pawh hi rilru lam leh taksa lamah a neih theih ve ve a ni.

India ramah hian kum 2011 census-in a tarlan dan chuan mihring 26,810,557 te hi piangsual rualbanlo an ni a, chu chu India ram mipui za zela 2.21% an lo ni reng mai. Piangsual rualbanlo zingah hian hmeichhia (40%) aiin mipa (60%) an tam zawk a, khawpuiah (31%) aiin thingtlangah (69%) an tam zawk lehnghal. Piansual rualbanlohna kan tih hian tar chak lo zawkte a huam avangin piangsual rualbanlo kan tih tam zawkte hi kum upa lam an ni. 

International Day of Persons with Disability 

International Day of Persons with Disability (Khawvel rualbanlote ni) hi kum tin December ni 3 ah hman ṭhin a ni. He Ni hi piangsualte chhawmdawlna leh an hmasawnna ngaihtuahna hun (meeting, discussion, seminar etc.) atan te hman ṭhin a ni. Kum tin thupui hran neiin hman ṭhin a ni. Thupui hranpa siam a ni ṭhin a, kumin pawh hian thupui 'Not all disabilities are visible' tih hman a ni. 

Kan hmuh mai piah lamah hian piansualna hian nun a tibuai hle a, an harsatna tawh ṭhin lekte phei hi chuan a lang lo lamah hian ro a rel a ni. Tuna kan hmuh leh hriat piah lamah hian eng kan chhit a, kan dai dar a ngai tawh takzet a ni. Piangsual rualbanlote hamṭhatna tur hi ram changkang zawkte chuan an ngaipawimawh em em a, ruhmanna pawh nasa takin an siam ṭhin a ni. 

UNO General Assembly chuan kum 1981 kha International Year of Disabled Persons atan puangin kum 1983 aṭanga kum 1992 phei kha chu United Nations Decade of Disabled Persons-ah a puang nghe nghe a ni. 

Piangsual Rualbanlote leh Sawrkar

Piangsual Rualbanlote hmakhua hi India constitution hian a ngai­pawimawh em em a, intluktlanna lam hawi leh chak lo zawk te venhimna te hi a ther fer fur a ni. Heng bakah hian dan tam tak siam a ni a, India Lunacy Act 1912, Mental Health Act 1987, Rehabilitation Council of India Act 1992, Person with Disability Act 1995, National trust Act 1999, leh Right to Education Act 2010 te hi a langsar zual te an ni. The Rights of Persons with Disabilitites Act 2016 pass a ni bawk a, he dan hian kawng hrang hrangin piangsual rualbanlote venhimna leh hmsawnna tura sawrkar hmalakna tur tam tak a tarlang a, sawi vek sen phei chu a ni lovang. 

A pawimawh zualte lo thlir ta ila. Mimal ang pawhin mawhphurhna kan nei ṭeuhin a rinawm. 

1. Central leh State sawrkarte mawhphurna a pe a ni: Eng sawrkar pawh nise piangsualte chhawmdawl a, an hmasawnna ngaihtuah turin an thawk tur a ni. Social Welfare ministry kaihhruaina hnuaiah Coordination Committee dinin hei hian piangsual rualbanlo te hmasawnna atana sorkar hmalakna te a enfiahin a ennawn ṭhin tur a ni. Hmalak dan tur ruahmanna felfai tak (policy) siam turin thurawn a pe ṭhin bawk tur a ni. Piangsual leh Rualbanlote chhawmdawlna leh hmasawnna kawnga sawrkar hmalaknate hi en zui a, tihhmasawn a ngai hle niin a lang. 

2. Barrier free environment: Public building leh asset te hi rualbanlo leh piangsualte tana harsatna awm lova an chet vel leh an hman theiha siam tur a ni. Tlangram chhengchhiaa cheng kan nih avangin mamawhna a san lehzual tehlul nen kan ramah hian zawm a hlawh lo khawp mai. 

3. Piangsual Rualbanlote zawn chhuah leh invenhim: Mi tam tak rilru puthmang dik lo avangin an nihna an thup a, thingtlang kilkhawrah te hian a pawizia hriatlohna avangin piansualna te hi ngaihthah a ni fo ṭhin. Thil ngaihthahna hian nasa lehzual zawka piansualna a thlen ṭhin avangin a hma thei ang bera zawn chhuah a, a zau thei ang bera inzirtirna neih ṭhin tur a ni. 

4. Zirna pek (Education): Piangsual rualbanlote hi kum 18 an tlin hma chuan a thlawnin zirna pek a, sikul pangngaia zir tura remchang siamsak ṭhin tur an ni. Heng bakah hian special school dinsak a, anmahni mil tawka thiamna hman ṭangkai theih zirtirna pek tur a ni. Hemi kawngah hi chuan Gilead Special School leh Oniks Special school Lungleia mite hian an thawk ṭha hlein ka hria.

5. Hna thawh tur zawnsak (Employment): Piangsual rualbanlote hi an thawh awm tawk siamsak hi sawrkar mawhphurhna a ni a. Hna ṭhenkhatah piangsual rualbanlote tan reservation neih ṭhin a ni. Hemi bakah hian an thawh awm bikah training buatsaihsak ṭhin tur a ni.

6. Inthliarhranna paih bo (Non-Discrimination): Rilru lama kan enhranna mai piah lamah hian heng kan vela kan chenna in leh lo, vantlang hmun, Biak In, kawng leh inkalpawhnaahte pawh hian an tan awlsam taka an chen ve theihna (Disabled friendly environment) tur atan ruahmanna siam tur a ni. An piansualna avanga hnaa lak duh loh te, kaisantir duh lohte hi he dan hian a phal lo bawk. 

7. Zirchianna neih (Research): Piangsual rualbanlote hi ṭanpuina ṭha pe tur chuan zirchianna neih a, ram pum huap emaw kan state Mizoram ang tal pawha piangsualte dinhmun hriat chian hi a pawimawh hle a ni. Sawrkarin mithiamte ruaiin an dinhmun leh an harsatnate zirchianna neih hi kan mamawh ta hle niin a lang a ni.

Kohhran leh Piangsual Rualbanlote

    Hetiang khawpa piangsual rualbanlote ram inrelbawlnain an hamṭhatna tur a ngaihtuah lai hian Kristian kan nih angin Kohhrante hian tih tur kan nei vein kan inhria em le? Kan sawrkar ber pawhin hmasawnna tur tam taka la neih lai hian Kohhran phei hi chuan kan ngah lehzual niin a lang. Kohhran ber hian danin piang­sual rualbanlote dikna chanvo a siamte hi kan pe tawk lo fo ṭhin. Khawngaih kan zirtir a, an thlarau nun a him nia kan hriat hian kan duhtawk mai thin em?

1. Biak in hmunhma (Physical barrier) siam rem: Mizorama Biak In tam zawkte hi chu piangsual rualbanlote tana lawiluh theih loh, a zawna zawn ngai hial hmunte hi an ni hlawm a ni. Biak In chhungte pawh Wheel chair luh theiha siam hi a tam lo hle a ni. Tin, Mizoram hi tlangram a nih avangin kan Biak In hmun te, inthiarna te, tui in tur dahnate hi piangsual rualbanlote tana remchang siam a ṭul zual hle a, chutianga siam erawh kan tlem hle. Hei vang hian taksa lam (physical) a piangsual rualbanlo tam zawkte phei hi chu Biak Ina lawilut hmuh tur an tlem fo ṭhin. 

2. Piang sual te laka kan rilru put hmang (Attitudinal barrier) siam rem a ṭul: Mizote hian piansualna hi kan zahpui fo ṭhin a, puipunna leh Kohhran thil tihnaah kan chhungte pawh kan hruai ngai lem lo. Mi zawng zawng intluktlang tia zirtirna petu Kohhran zingah pawh hian kan thil thlir dan hmanga piangsual rualbanlote kan dah hranna (Attitudinal barrier) hmuh tur a la awm thote hi inenfiah a ṭul hle a ni. Biak In lenluh a remchan loh vang leh kan rilrua enhranna a awm avanga piangsual rualbanlote Biak Inah kan hruai tlem lutuk e pawh hi ennawna siam ṭhat dan awm se a lawmawm hle ang. Kan changkang viau tawh e ti lo chuan veng/ khua ṭhenkhatah hi chuan chhaih nawmnah leh bawl an la tawk fo ṭhinte hi a vanduaithlak tak meuh a ni. A chang chuan kan ram leh khawtlang tan engmah ṭangkaina nei lo angte hialin kan ngai ṭhinte hi an ṭangkaina zawn kan la hriat fuh loh vang pawh a ni mai thei. Kohhranho zinga thlamuang taka Pathian an fak ve theihna turin hma kan lak a ṭul a ni.

3. Piangsual leh rualbanlote len vena programme siam: Kan inkhawm leh programme zawng zawngah kan ti thei lo a nih pawhin ṭhenkhat talte hi chu Piangsual rualbanlote chhim ve theihin kan her rem a pawimawh hle a ni. Chutianga kan worship zawng zawng kan kaiher thei lo a nih pawhin khawvel changkang zelah kohhran hian a hranpaa Pathian an pawla an biak ve theih dan turte hi ngaihtuah a, buatsaih a, kan hmanrua chhuak thar (technology) te pawh hi kan hman thiam a ṭul tawh hle niin a lang. An hriatthiam ve phak tawk anga kan programme-te pawh kan siam a pawimawh hle dawn a ni. Hemi bakah Communication barrier-te hi kan sutkian tur leh kan dah kian tur a nih avangin an tana harsatna awm lova mitdel, mit ṭhalo, bengngawng leh bengchhette pawhin kan ruala Pathian an biak ve theihna tura buatsaih hi kan mawhphurhna kan kova innghat tlat a ni.

Tlawngkawmna

Kan pipute khan 'piansualin tlai luat a nei lo' tiin Piangsual rualbanlote an endawng ngai lova. Khawvel changkang zelah hian dante hial siamin piangsual rualbanlote hi chhawmdawlin a veng him zawk ta hial a nih hi. Sawrkar chuan a tihtur ang chu ti mah se, a la tawk lohzia chiang takin kan hria. NGO leh pawl dang tam takin hma an la a, MHIP pawhin nasa lehzualin ‘vohbik’ hming pein hma an la ṭhin a nih kha. Chutih laiin hma la awm ber Kohhran lah chu ṭawngṭaipui leh anmahni khawngaih tura zirtirnaah hian a duhtawk mai ang tih hlauhawm khawpin a hmalakna kawngah hma kan sawn bawk si lova, khawngaih tura inzirtirna bak hi kan pel thui thei ṭhin lo. Heng kan sawi tlém tè tal pawh hi ngai pawimawhin sawrkar leh Kohhran hian hma han la ta se la, piangsual leh rualbanlote tan hian a va thlamuanthlak dawn em.