PAWI KHAWIHTUTE HREMNA DAN THAR HI

Kumin July ni 1, Thawhṭanni zanlai dar 12:00 aṭanga hman ṭan, Pawi Khawihtute Hremna Dan Thar (New Criminal Laws) chungchang sawi zauna hi tlema záwng i'n thai dawn teh ang.

Ṭhenkhatin kan lo hriat angin, thil sual tia puh/pawi khawihtua puh hremna dan (criminal laws) pathumte chu, BJP rorelna State ni lo aṭanga dodalna a awm chungin ram puma hman turin a lo chhuak ta tho tho a; amaherawhchu, Cr.PC thlaktu BNSS (Bharatya Nakrik Suraksha Sanhita) bu chhunga thu châng (provisions) ṭhenkhatte chu State Sawrkarten anmahni ram dan leh hrai, hnam zia leh nun phung nena inrem emaw, a ṭul anga siam ṭhat theihna zalenna emaw an nei thung.

Heng dan hi ram puma inang ṭhap leh rual ṭhapa hmang tur chuan a la kimchang tâwk rih lo deuh; IPC (Indian Penal Code) thlaktu BNS (Bharatya Nyaya Sanhita) pawh mipa leh hmeichhia thliar hranna awm chuang lo nihna (transgender) laka a chi-ai záwnga hlei lenna (sexual harrassment) chungchangte telh leh tura siam ṭhat thuai tum a ni bawk. He dan a la famkim tawk lohna siam ṭhat a nih hma hian, dik lo taka hrénga inkhung (wrongful confinement) emaw, kut inthlak ang chi emaw a awm a, lungawi lohna rawn thlen an awm chuan Police officer-te chu BNS-a thu châng dangte nêna inkaihhnawihna nei, châng dangte chu a remchân dân anga lo hmang rih mai tura ngen an ni tih Sawrkar laipuia Officer un tak pakhat chuan a sawi.

Heng dan thar pathum zinga a pathumna, Indian Evidence Act, 1872 thlâktu BS (Bharatya Sakshya) pawh hman thuai a la ni ang.

July 1, zanlai dar 12 aṭang khan India ram puma District Court 650 chuang leh Police Station 16, 000-te chuan he dan thara an insuan luh (migrate) zel hi a lo ṭul ta; cognizable offence (warrant tel loa police-ten an man theih khawpa thil sual nasa/rapthlâk tak laka inhnamhnawih emaw, pawi khawihna emaw)-te chu Cr.PC chang 154 anga ziak lut tawh lovin, BNSS chang 173 hnuaia ziah luh a ni zâwk dâwn ta a ni.

IPC leh Cr.PC-te chu heng dan tharte nena hman kawp a ngaih rihna a la awm; eg, thu buai eng emaw zat Court-a la chin fel hman rih loh leh, July 1, 2024 hmaa pawi khawihna thleng, a hnua report-te chu IPC hnuaia la register tho a la ngai rih thung.

He dan thar (BNSS)-in a sawi angin, thu buai hla buai (criminal case)-in a ken tel thil zawn leh man (search & seizure)-te chu audio-video tih ngei ngei tur a ni; chu bakah chuan, kum 7 emaw a aia tam emaw lung in tantira hrem theihna ang chi pawi khawihna zawng zawngah forensic exam a phut bawk a ni. Heng thil chhinchhiah (recording)-te hi muangchang lovin electronic hmangin Court-a theh luh tur a ni bawk.

He Dân thar faksêlna: CrPC (Code of Criminal Procedure) chuan darkar 24 chhunga police-ten an hnu chhui an zawh hman loh chuan, Magistrate-in ni 15 thleng an mi man chu kawl turin police-te a phalsak thei a; chutih laiin, Cr.PC thlaktu BNSS section 187-ah erawh chuan, eng hunah pawh a tir lam ni 40/60 hun chhungah hian ni 15 chu police-tena an kawl phalsak a ni.

Pawi khawih chu a tlem berah kum 10 lung in tantir theihna emaw a nih chuan, Police-ten an kawl theih chhung ni 15 chu ni 60 thleng pawh sei theih a ni ang. Pawi khawihna dangah chuan police-ten an kawl theih chhung chu ni 40 theng a ni ang.

Mihring dikna chanvo humhalhtu (human right activist)-te chuan, he dan hian police-te chu an an mi mante chunga dan phal baka chet theihna remchang an neih nan, kawng a sialsak nia an ngaih avangin an ngaih a ṭha lo hle a ni.

Senior Advocate Pramod Kumar Dubey chuan, "Hetiang dân leh hrai inthlak hian dan hman sualna a thlen thei," (This change can lead to abuse of the legal process – The Hindu, July 1, 2024, pp12) tiin a lo sawi a. Chutih laiin, Delhi-a judge pakhat chuan, "Dan pâwn lam tlêm hi inthlak mah se, a dân thlarau lam erawh chu a la ngai reng e," tiin a sawi thung. (The soul of the law remains the same, with a few cosmetic changes, Ibid.pp.12 ).

People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) General Secretary V. Suredh chuan heti hian a sawi bawk a, "He dan tharin a sawi zinga thil hlauhawm tak pakhat chu, thil tisuala puhte police-in an kawl theih chhung tih rei hi a ni mai thei,"(op.cit.)

'Dan hriat loh hi chhuanlam a tling lo (ignorantia juris non excusat)' tih a nih avangin he kan thu ziah hi he Dan thara a ṭhena zar pawh tling lo mah se, mi nawlpuiten he Criminal Law thar beng khawnna kawnga inkeu hawnsakna a tlin hlauh chuan a lawmawm hle thung ang; he lam thu hi ziah tur tam tak a awm; mahse, kan thu ziah a thui lutuk loh nan tun ṭum atan chuan i duh tâwk rih phawt ang.

- Dr J.T.Vanlalngheta