Ramngaw leh nungcha humhalh
Mizoram hi India ram state zînga ram ngaw nei ṭha ber leh ram ngawin a khuh ṭṭhat ber state zînga mi kan ni hial âwm e. Mizoram CCF Planning and Chief Wildlife Warden ni ṭhin Dr. NS Bisht chuan, Mizoramin ram ngaw aṭanga thil hlutna a hmuh chhuah zat chu kum khatah cheng vaibelchhe 515.35 hu niin a chhût chhuak a ni. Kan ram hian chhuan tur kan neihte zîngah chuan ram ngaw hi kan sawi hmasak ber tûr zînga mi a ni âwm e. Khawvel ṭhang zelah hmasâwnna chak takin a kal mek a, "Changkànna hi hmasâwnna ina rawn ken tel a ni a, mahse, hmasâwnna zawng zawng erawh changkànna a ni kher lo," tiin an sawi ṭhin. Kan ram pawhin state dangte ruala ke pên tumin ṭan a la mek zel a, kan khawsak phung pawh a nuamin, a awlsam tawh hle mai a, chu chu hmasâwnna avânga lo awm thei a ni. Amaherawhchu, chu hmasâwnna chuan a ṭha lo zâwnga nghawng a neih theihna lai a awm a, chumi tiziaawm thei tur chuan kan hmanruate leh khawsak phung chauh changkang lovin, kan rilru put hmang pawh a changkâng tel ve tur a ni.
Forest Survey of India-in State of Forest Report 2021 an tihchhuahah chuan kum 2019 nena khaikhinin kum hnih chhûng lekin ram ngaw sq.km. 186 lai a hloh hman a ni. Kum 2007 aṭanga vawiin ni thlengin kum tin kan ram ngaw neih zauh zâwng a zîm hret hret tih tarlan a ni bawk. Mizorama ram ngaw khuh chin hi kum 1987-ah 90.55% a ni a, kum 2021-ah erawh 84.53%-ah a tla thla duai tawh a ni. (Vanglaini 12th June 2023)
Gov't of Mizoram Statistical Cell-in an chhinchhiah dan chuan, November 2020 aṭanga May 2021 chhung khân Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah lo hâl leh ram kàng hmun 4,486-ah thlengin, sq.km. 141.53 lai a awh a ni. January-May 2022 chhung khân hmun 2,069-ah lo hâl leh ram kàng a thleng a, sq.km. 81.02% lai a awh leh bawk. Ram kàng thei dinhmuna ding zât a tarlanah chuan 2.03% chiah hlauhawm lo a ni a, kan hlauhawm zual 92.92% lai kan nei a ni. Mi tam takin loneih hi eizawn nan kan hmang a, kan lo neih dan lah hi 'shifting cultivation' an tih, kum tin hmun hran hrana lo nei ṭhîn kan ni a. Chu chuan ram a heh em em a, kan ram ngaw tikiamtu ber ni pawhin a lang. Shifting cultivation lo deuha kan lo neihte pawh tih dan kan zawn ve a ngai tawh tak zet a, sorkar pawhin ngun zawkin ngaihtuah vat thei se a ṭha hle ang. Ram kàng ṭhelh hi a hautak a, kum 2021-a Lunglei ram a kan paw'n IAF-in helicopter-in a rawn ṭhelh hial a nih kha, a sâwt mawh em em zui. Chuvangin, lo kan hâl paw'n meikawng ṭha takin sial hmasa ila, ram dang kàng kai lo turin uluk takin veng ila. Tin, rama kan awm reng rengin ṭul têah lo chuan mei nun lo ila ṭha âwm e.
The Guardian chanchinbuin a târlan dan chuan mihringin ram ngaw an ṭhiah nasat avâng leh thil siamna (industry) lian a pun zel avângin ramsate'n chênna leh ei tur an nei lo va, kum 50 chhûng lekin 69%-in ramsa an kiam a ni. Hêng hi Africa leh Asia ramah a hluar zual. Zirchianna pakhat chuan sava leh leia tla chi rannungte chu kum 1970-2000 inkâr aiin, kum 2000 hnuah an chereu nasa zual hle a ni, a ti.
Ramngaw hi nungcha leh ramsate chênna, ei an zawnna leh hmuhna hmun a ni a. An chênna hmun kan vât a, kan hâl a, ngaw ṭha tak chu kan tipe hun a, nungcha leh ramsate tan chên reng theih a ni ta lo; loh theih lohin an dam khawchhuah nan hmun danga an pêm a ngai a, chuvang chuan kan ramah ramsa an tlem tawh em em a ni. Chuta karah keini'n silai ṭha pui pui te, sairawkherh, thang kam, túra hrai leh a dangte hmanga lo veh a, lo suat tâwk kan la awm ṭhin. Hêng hi sim hmak a pawimawh hle.
Leilung leh a chhûnga chêng zawng zawngte nen hian dam khaw chhuak a, nung pangngai thei tura inmamawh tawn tlat kan ni a. Chumi kan inmamawh tawnna langsar tak chu 'food web' leh 'food chain'-ah hian a ni. Thil nung (biotics)-te chu chi hrang parukah ṭhenin, chûngte chu–producer (eg. thlai), primary consumer (eg: sazu), secondary consumer (eg: uṭawk), tertiary consumer (eg: rûl), final consumer (eg: mupui) leh decomposer (eg: fungi) te a ni. An zînga pakhat khi lo rêm titih ta se, kan ecological balance thlengin a nghawng a, a tuate pawn kan tuar phah thei a ni. Chuvangin, tun ai nasain, awmze nei zâwkin kan ram ngaw leh nungchate kan humhalh deuh deuh a ngai a ni.
Khuarêl chhiatna hi kan dan theih a ni lo, chutihrualin, tam tak hi chu keimahni thiam loh, kan ngaihsamna, kan cho chhuah a nihna chen a awm ve a, fimkhura invên theih a ni. Hemi kawngah hian Aizawl hi kan hnufûm zualin alang. AMC pawh hian in sak, in hmun laih phalna, bawlhhlawh paih phal lohna hmuna paihte leh a dang dangte pawh hei aia khauh leh uluk zâwkin enfiahin, kalpui thei se la a duhawm zual hle mai.
Tlawng lui leh lui dangte nutna chhan pawh hi hmasâwnna hna hrang hrang thawhna leivûng leh bawlhhlawh paih vâng te, in sakna hnâwmhnawk bakah mimal leh dawrkai bawlhhlawh a rûka lui kawr leh Tlawng lui fintute a an paih vângte a ni ber a. Kan tui tlan ber a ni si a, hma hun thlîr lo lêkin kan luite kan tiṭawp a, kan suasam hi a ram neitu rilru lo hle a ni.
Tun hnai maiah Home minister Pu K Sapdanga'n Aizawl khawpui tui tlan Tlawng luia bawlhhlawh lut zel tur vênna leh then fai nan 'waste trap' siam a nih tur thu a sawi a, hemi atan hian AMC hnenah AMRUT aṭangin cheng vaibelchhe 2 pek an nih dawn thu a sawi a nih kha. Kan luite sorkarin a ngai pawimawh hi a lawmawm hle a, tui tel lova awm thei lo kan nih avangin tui awmna luite chu kan rohin kan humhalh tlat tur a ni.
National Green Tribunal (NGT) chuan Ganga lui bul metre 500 huam chhûnga bawlhlawh paih a khap a, a paih lui chu Rs 50,000 chawitir an nih tur thu an sawi. Kan sorkar pawh hian hetiang dân khauh tak, mipui pawhina an palzam mai mai theih loh tur hi siam se la, awareness a tam thei ang ber zirlaiah te, khaw pum angtea huaihawt fo chi niin a lang, Chu chuan awmzia a nei ngei ang. Mihring siamṭhat nan khawdur a ngai an tih ang deuhin kan ram leh keimahni ngeiin kan ṭhatpui zawk nan dan khauh tak a awm a ngai a ni.
Tlângkawmna
Mizoram lo hi ram dang kan nei lo. Chuvangin, kan ram neih chhun, a chhûnga awmte hi duat tak leh uluk takin enkawlin humhalh ila, keimahni tan bawk chhenfâkawma chhawrnahawm tak tur a ni. Chuti ni lova tûna a awm dan ang anga kan en liam chuan nakinah kan tu leh fate'n ramngaw ṭha an nei tawh lo ang a, keimahni bawk min dem leh mai dawn a ni. Tunah pawh kan tuar nasa a, nakinah phei chuan kan tuar nasa zual lo ang tih a sawi theih loh. Chutiang a nih lohna turin tun achinah ram hmangaihna thinlung tak tak puin, hmasâwnna ke pên zel chunga kan ram ngaw leh nungchate'n an tawrh tawh lohna turin ṭan la ila, i humhalh ang u.
Reference:
1. Vanglaini article. 12th June 2023
3. Vanglaini article. 23rd may 2022
4. Forest and tree resources in state and Union territories -7.19 Mizoram
5. Khiangte Vanlalrova, Rev. . Kristiante Mawhphurhna. 2023
- Zonunkima, 5th Semester
Dept. of Political Science, Govt. Aizawl West College