Eng hunah nge bill hi money bill tia sawi theih a nih?

Political Science zir mi te, Public Administration zir mi te, dan zir mite leh dan siam pawl (MLA)-te tan chuan 'money bill' hi thil thar a ni lo nachungin tuna kan ziah dan erawh hi chu dan siam pawl Parliament dan siam hrilh fiahna (interpretation of statute) chi khat a nih ve avangin a danglamin a ngainawm a, dàwn a tisei bawk.

Enga ti nge money bill hian kawng zawh dan bil a neih kher a, a kal kawng chu eng nge ni?

Money bill chungchanga inhnialna chawk chhuak thei ram danpui siam emaw, siamṭhat emaw a ngaih chungchanga sawrkar laipuiin hma a lak dan rawn ching pawr/dodal an awm tâkah chuan India rama court sang ber Supreme Court hotu ber Chief Justice of India (CJI) chuan Constitution Bench-te hmaah hetiang hian chhinchhiah/ziah luh a phalsak a ni.

Money leh financial bill-te chu eng nge ni?

Ram danpui chuan dana chantir tura rawtna 'bill' ṭhenkhat, sum leh pai lam nena inkaihhnawihte 'money' leh 'financial bills' tia thliar hranga sawi a nei a. Article 110(1)(a) aṭanga (f) chuan thil eng emaw bik paruka pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw chungchang chauh sawi langtu bill chu money bill niin a sawi a. Chungte chu chhiah khawn chungchang (taxation), sawrkarina sum a pûk chungchang (borrowing by government), state sum khawl (fund) vawn ṭhat a, hemi sum khawl aṭanga pek chhuah leh pûk te, hemi sum khawl consolidated fund (CF) hman dan tur chungchang te, CF aṭanga sum hman ral phuhrûk chungchang te, CF emaw, public account emaw union/state account-te emaw en dikna tihchianna ‘receipt' chungchangte hi a ni ber.

Sawi tawh angin, Article 110 (1) clause (g)-in a sawi angin, heng kan sawi tak thil paruk zinga a eng emaw ber hi money bill tia sawi theih a ni. Tun hmaa money bill entirna an sawi ṭhin lar tak zingah taxation leh CF aṭanga sum hman chhuah chungchang chauh sawina Financial Act leh Appropriation Act-te hi a tel. Ram danpui Article 117-ah hian sum leh pai chungchang sawina financial bill ṭhen hniha ṭhen kan hmu. Hlawm khatna: Article 110(1)(a) aṭanga (f)-in a sawi thil paruk zinga a eng ber emaw chu ṭhen khatna niin, ṭhen hnihna chu CF aṭanga sum hman ral nena inkaihhnawih si, a chunga kan sawi tak thil paruk zinga a enga mah sawi lang lo emaw, fûn tel lo emaw bill-te hi an ni.

Thupui chai laih a awm em?

Kum 2016-a siam Aadhaa Act zir chian a nih ṭum khan bill eng pawh money bill tia nemnghet theitu Speaker thuneihna chu Court-in a thlir let a. He dan hian Aadhaar hmanga inziah luh theih dan chungchang te, Aadhaar lekkawhtu thuneitu siam te, he dan hnuaia inhumhimna leh hremna chungchangte a ni.

Aadhaar dan Section 7-in a sawi dan chuan, CF bawm aṭanga sum hman ralna subsidy, ṭanpuina leh service eng ilote mite'n an dawn theih nan sawrkar laipui leh state-te chuan mimal Aadhaar finfiah an phut hmasa phawt thei a ni, tih a ni.

Sum báwmpui Consolidated Fund aṭanga sum lak chhuah chu he Aadhaar danin a tum ber a ni a, a huam dang zawng zawngte chu a ve lek a ni e, tiin he dan hi money bill anga siam/pass a lo ni ta a ni. Hetiang hi thil/money bill thliar emaw sawifiah dan duhthusâm lo (debacle classification) ni mah se la, Supreme Court chuan 4:1-in a pawmpui ta tho a ni. Tuna CJI hi he ngaih dan hnial kalhtu awm chhun a ni. A ngaih dan chuan, Aadhaar Act hian money bill awmzia sawifiahna a huam phak lo.

Financial Act, 2017 hi inhnial theih tak a ni bawk. Entirna'n, tribunal hrang hrang, Green Tribunal angte siamṭhat leh nana dan/act hrang hrang siamṭhatte money bill tih hi. Heng dan siamṭhatte hi Rojer Mathew v South Indian Bank (2019)-ah hnâwl (syruck down) a ni. He thu an khela an sawi chu–Aadhaar chungchang sawihonaah money bill sawifiahna 'chauh/chiah' (only)-in a nghawng tur hi chiang fek fawka sawi hoa khel a ni lo. Chuvangin, he thu hi Bench lian zawka khel leh tura thawn a ni. Money bill sawifiah chungchanga thu tihtlukna lian tham leh thu nei (authoritative judgement) judge pasarih awmna bench din a ngai a; speaker pawhin money bill a dik a ni tih a tihchian laiin, a hrilhfiahna thlarau (spirit)-ah pawh a ding tlat tur a ni.

(Ref. Rangarajan R., a former IAS Officer and author of 'Polity Simplified' in the Hindu, July 23, 2024 p. 8)

- Dr JT Vanlalngheta