SAWRKAR LAIPUI VS STATE SAWRKAR : Governor-te’n state-te thuneihna an palzût chuan SC-in a enfiah ang

Tunlai chu dan zirna lam hian rilru a luah ve avangin, tlêm azawng i'n thai leh teh ang.

Kan thupui hi 'Federation-ah emaw, Federalisim-ah emaw hian Lârsâpte chu State Sawrkarte thu neihna ṭhiat zawnga an chêt chuan Supreme Court-in chîk takin a thlir let ang,' tiin dah ta ila, a chiang deuh àwm e.

A mâwl thei ang bera sawi chuan 'federalism/federation' tih chu sawrkar laipui leh state Sawrkartena thu neihna mumal taka insema ro an rêlna (India ang te) tihna a ni a, Indian federalism -ah hian Sawrkar laipui leh State-ten thu neihna an insem a, a tua mah mahin a dang (Centre-in State; State-in Centre) thu neihnaah inrawlh emaw ti buai emaw lovin an thu neihna ṭheuh huang chhungah dan te siamin ro an inrel a ni. India ramah pawh hian chhan hrang hrang avangin Centre thu neihna a sangin a tam daih zawk a; hei hi sawisel thu a cheng lo; nimahsela, Centre leh State-te chu ro relna lam (administative)ah te, dân siamna kawng (legislative)-ah te leh sum leh pai lam (fiscal/financial)-ah te fel takin thu neihna an insem si a; hei erawh hi chu a zahawmin a thianhlim a ni.

Sawrkar laipui ṭawiâwmna leh thu ràwn zàwma hna thawk chauh tur President hnena thawn tur tih avanga chin tâwk nei lo lêka dan atana rawtna Larsâpten 'Bill' an ṭhut bet reng a nih chuan State Sawrkar-te dan siam thu neihnaa inrawlhna kawng a inhawng dawn tihna a ni a; chuti a nih chuan, Federalism se dai a ṭhiat thei dawn tihna ang a lo ni a–hetiang zâwnga Lârsâp (Governor)-ten chêt lâk an chìn chuan Supreme Court chuan a en dik/bih chiang dawn tih thu Zirtawpni July 27, 2024 khan a sawi.

Hetia Supreme Court-in Lârsâp hna thawh chungchanga chêtlak tuma thu tlûkna a siam tâk chhan hi– duh thlanna zalèn (discretionary power) nei lo, Centre thu ràwn vànga hna thawk President ngaihtuah atana bill 7 a khêkkhal (reserve) hmaa bill dang kum 2 zet a tih khawtlai vanga Kerala State Sawrkarin Court-a lung awi lohna a thlen vang a ni.

Bill 7 zinga a enga mah hian Sawrkar Laipui leh State Sawrkarte inlaichinna khawih tel lo mah se, President chuan bill 4-a rem tihna (consent) a pêk tawh chu a hnûk kir ta tho a ni.

Remtihna hrên khawtlai

Senior advocate pahnih KK Venugopal, Jaideep Gupta leh advocate CK Saci-ten din sakin Kerala Sawrkar chuan, "State cooperative societies, lokayukta leh university law siam ṭhat tum rawtna bill-te chu, a dodalnate tar lang telin, Legislative Assembly hnenah Larsap chuan a rang thei ang berin a rawn thawn let tawh tur hi a ni a: nimahsela, chumi a hnêkin, a ṭhut bet mai mai ta zawk a; hun bi tuk nei a ni tih sawi lang si lovin, nikum 2023 November thlaa President hnena bill 7 a thawn thlak hmain mipuite chu an ham ṭhatna (benefits of welfare legislation) tûr a chàntir ta a ni. Sawrkar Laipui hian a chhan eng mah sawi lovin bill 4 ngawt mai a hnâwl tih Kerala Sawrkar chuan a sawi. Chutichuan, Larsap chuan, dan siamna lama a (State) thu neihna liau liauah Centre chu thu tlukna a siamtir a ni, tiin State Sawrkar chuan a sawi.

India Danpuiah hian, President ngaihtuah atana bill khêkkhal (reserve) theihna Governor-in a neih hi a beitham (limit) hle a, eng emaw bîk tê atân chauha tih a ni a, chu chu chipchiar deuh takin Ram Danpui Article 213-naah hian kan hmu a ni.

Chief Justice Chandrachud pawhin, " Eng ang din hmunah nge Governor-in President a ràwn (refer) theih tih hi Court-in kan lo en ang e," tiin a sawi. He thu hi August ni 20, 2014-ah an sawi leh dawn a ni.

Court chuan Kerala Governor Additional Secretary leh Home Ministry te chu hriattitna a thawn a:

Ram Danpuiin State taksa pathumte rualkhai leh inbûk mawi taka hna an thawh theih nana a sawi chu Governor-te chêtlâkna hian a pal zût a, Governor-te thil tih hian State taksa pathum, entir nan–Bill-te buatsaiha House-a pu lûta pharhtu, mipuite thlan Executive -te hna thawh leh, State-a Dan Siam Pawl (Legislature)te bill pass zawng zawngte chu thil ṭûl lo tawp angah a lantir a. Ram danpuia State-te thu neihna huang liau liaua bill-te President en atana Governor-ten an khêkkhal hian Governor-te hian Danpuia State-ten an chanvo ṭheuha thu an neihna (federal structure of the constitution) an pal zûtsak bawk a ni," tiin Kerala State chuan a sawi (hnial) a ni.

"Hetiang hi thil lung chhiatthlâk tak a ni; Supreme Court rawn che chhuak sê, Larsâpten bill an dodal theih hun leh President hnena an thawn theih hun hi a hrilh (chian) a ngai takzet a ni....., Ram Danpui hi eng mah lohah chantîr mek a nih tâk hi," tiin Venugopal chuan Bench hmaah a sawi.

A hmaa kan sawi tawh ang deuhin, Governor-in thil hmaih ṭhelh a nei hian mipui ro relna sawrkar ṭha a hnuaichhiah (defeats) ti-a State Sawrkarin a hranpaa Court-a dilna a theh luh avangin court chuan Home Ministry leh West Bengal Governor Secretary te chu hriattirna (notice) a pek phah bawk a ni.

Chief Justice chuan advocate Astha Sharma ruala West Bengal State tana ding Pu Venuvopal-a leh Senior advocate A.M.Singhvi te chu inhmu khawma court-in thu tlûkna a siam theih nana dan ruangam phuah khawm/zam/ruahhman (frame the legal issues) turin a ti ta a ni.

Thubuai danga Tamil Nadu State tana ding Pu Singhvi-a chuan," Supreme Court-in list a siam hma hmain, Supreme Court-in a nawr ṭul ta mai em ni tih ang maiin, Bill-te chu a khawihin......Bill ṭhenkhatte pawh a ching fel nghal mai kha a ni a," tiin hun kal tawha an thil tawn a sawi (The Governor would act on the Bills before every Supreme Court listing......some of the bills are cleared....It is as if the Supreme Court has to push them,").

President ràwn (reference) chu thu tih tlûkna pumpelhna kawng mai mai a nih thu Pu Venugopal-a chuan a sawi. Sawrkar Laipuia Council of Ministers thu rawn leh puihna vàng chauhva hna thawk thei President hian Lârsâpin Bill a thawn 7 zinga 4 a rem tihsak loh chhan hi eng mah a sawi chiang lo; hetiang hi thil uchuak tak niin Ram Danpuia Intluk tlânna (Right to Equality) Article 14-na bawh chhiatna a nih bakah Bill rem tihna pêk dàn hmang (procedure)– Article 200 leh, President ngaihtuah atana Bill thawn thlâk dan hmang (procedure) a bawh chhe bawk a ni," tiin Kerala dilnaah chuan sawi lan a ni bawk.

(Ref. Kashyap, SC, Our Constitutuon: An introduction to Indian Constitution and Constitutional Law; The Hindu pp.1&8, etc)

- Dr JT Vanlalngheta