PU H.C. VANLALRUATA ‘CAA 2019’ KHA…

Ni 13, January, 2020 Vanglaini chhuaka Pu HC Vanlalruata thuziak CAA 2019 chungchang khan ngaihtuahna a ti thuiin thil tam tak sawi zui tur leh chipchiar deuha khel zui deuh tur a awm nualin a lang. A hmasa berah chuan kha article-ah khan NDA kaihruai sawrkarin Jammu & Kashmir, India rama Muslim te majority an nihna state awmchhun inhungbikna Constitution Article 370 a nuai bo chungchangah sawrkar chet dan rawn thlawp ni awm takin chu thutlukna chuan rin aiin nghawng a nei nasa lo niin a ngaihdan a rawn siam a. 

Khatia UT pahniha ṭhen sawm a nih hnu khan J&K-ah chuan mipui rorelna mumal pawh awm hleithei lovin sipai chakna leh tharum hmangin India sawrkarin a awpbet a. Mipuiin an thlan hruaitu (democratically elected leaders) te rorel thei loa siamin mi tam tak an man khawm a. Chung zingah chuan a hma lawka BJP-in sawrkar siam tura a thurualpui PDP hotunu Mehbooba Mufti leh National Conference hruaitu lawk, Farooq Abdullah leh Omar Abdullah te chu nasa taka an chevel khuahkhirh niin house arrest-in tun thlengin an la awm tih kan hria. Nikum November thleng khan mipuiin sipaite chu lungin ṭum 1,996 zet an tawng a, Art 370 nuaibo hlim, August thlaah khan ṭum 658 zet a thleng niin RTI hmanga zawhna chhanna NDTV chuan a tarlang. 

Man zingah naupang 144 lai telin kum 9 mi pawh zuah an ni lo. Naupang venhimna dan te nasa taka palzut a ni. Cancer inenkawl lai man te, veivahna tur a awm loh vanga kawng laka fa hringte an awm bawk. Hospital pakhata thawk Dr Omar Salim chuan mipuiten healthcare dawn kawnga harsatna an tawh thu a tlangaupui a, a hnu lawkah chuan hei vang hian man a tawk nia sawi a ni. India sawrkarin a thiltih dan chhuanawm lo tak hi media leh khawvel mithmuhah pawh thup bo tumin a dinhmun zirchiang tura kal chanchinbumite pawh nasa taka khuahkhirh an ni. Tin, tun thlengin internet connection pawh an la chhunzawm mumal loh avangin Supreme Court phei chuan sawifiah tur leh ennawn turin sawrkar laipui thu a pe hial a ni. Laxmi Murthy leh Geeta Seshu te chuan a hmuna media rahbeh a nih dan an zirchiang a. Journalist 70 lai an kawmna leh a hmuna thil awm dan an zirchianna aṭangin sorkar lam duhdan kalha thuchhuah a hlauhawmzia leh hren beh mai ni lovin an nunna thlenga a hlauhawm thu an tarlang. Sorkar chuan landline 26,000 tihnun tawh nia a sawi lai khan Kashmir valley-ah chuan tlem te chauh a nung niin a tarlang. 

A tir lama he thutlukna lo lawm viau a kan ngaih Ladakh mipuite pawh khian tunah chuan mipuite rorelna tel lova a hminga UT (UT without legislature) neih hian awmzia vak a neih lohzia an hrethiam ṭan a. An rilru-ah zawhna tam tak chhanna fumfe awm si lo a awm nual reng a ni. Tharum thawhna nasa tak thleng pawh Pu Ruata hian a lo hre fuh lo a ni mai thei e. Indian media-ten an report hleihtheih loh laiin BBC, Al Jazeera leh International media house ṭhenkhat chuan tharum thawhna rapthlak tak te, mipui nawlpui zalenna hmeh mih tumna leh nekchepa an awm nasatzia an report chamchi reng chu a nih hi. Mi sang fe chhan ṭha tawk awm lova hren beh an ni a, internet leh phone connection mipui nawlpui tan hunrei tak chhung tihtawp a nih bawk avangin internet ban te hi hlihfel a nih hunah mipui tuarna rapthlak tak tak chu chiang zawkin a la hriat theih ngei ang. Hetiang thuziak leh sawina news source kan hmuh tam loh avanga engmah vak thleng lo anga ngaih chu thil awm reng tawh sa leh a hriaten an sawi ‘ka hmuh hma chu ka awih lo’ tih thuthlung vuan tlat an sawi ang mai kha kan ni dawnin alang. Kashmir chungchang bik hi chu a hranpa a khel tham a awm avangin duhtawk rih dawn ila.

Citizenship Amendment Act 2019 chung­chang bul thum a rawn sawina hi chu han sawi zui tur a awm vak lo nachungin “Hindu thuthlung (Hindutva) la vawngtute thiltih nia ngaih a nih avangin, Hindu ni ve lo tam tak chuan an er ni maiin a lang bawk”….tih a sawi aṭanga thil chiang tak lo lang chhuak ta chu kan senior journalist, mipuite pawhin a thuziak kan ngainat em em leh thil chik taka zirchiang hmasa a, huaisen taka thuziak ṭhin nia kan hriat hian Hinduism leh Hindutva danglamna te, tuna CAA duh lova dodaltu tam tak zingah hian Hindu sakhaw zuitute pawh an awm mai ni lovin a tam ber an ni zawk tih hi hre lovin hetiang thutlukna leh thlirna pangkhing tak hi a rawn nei ta mai emawni dawn le aw a tih theih. 

A chhan chu Hinduism hi sakhaw ropui leh upa ber pawl, philosophy leh school of thought pawh chi hrang tam tak awm; Hinduism hi Kristianna te, Islam te, Buddhism te ang thova sakhuana/ sakhaw biak chi khat (religious way of life) a ni ve mai a. Chutih rual chuan Hindutva erawh chu a kal fawr zualten sakhuana kawra hmanga politik a lal an khelhna hmanrua a ni ber zawk a ni. Hindu sakhaw betu mi tam tak zingah Hindutva ideology thlawp leh thlawp lo hi an inpawlh nawk reng a ni. Hun hmasa lama Kristiante zinga tharum hmanga ram lak duh pawl (crusaders) ho thiltih zawng zawngte kha Christian zirtirna nena hmehbel vek a theih loh dan leh Christian zingah pawh sawisel a dodaltu tam tak an awm thu te, Muslim firfiak pawl 'ISIS' leh Taliban ho chetdan rawva tak leh Islam zirtirna a inmil vek lem loh dan leh Muslim tam takin an dodal dan ang bawk hian Hinduism leh Hindutva hi thil thuhmun ni mai awma lang, mah se awmze hran leh thiltum (objective) nei hran daih an ni tih hi kan hriat thar a pawimawh khawp mai. Hindu puithiam leh scholar ṭhenkhat pawhin Hindutva agenda an duhlohna hi an auchhuahpui fova; chung zingah chuan Swami Agnivesh hi a langsar ber pawl a ni/ ber hial awm e. Ani phei chu a thil thlir dan leh ngaituahna zau tak avang te, hnam hnufual leh sakhaw tenau zawkte thlavang a hauh ṭhin vang te in Hindu firfiakho beih a tawk fo a ni. 

Chuvang chuan tuna CAA duh lova India ram puma dodalna nasa tak awm hi non-Hindu (Hindu ni ve lote) chauh ni lovin sakhaw tin zuitu - Hindu te ngei pawh tela dodalna a ni. Gandhi-a, Nehru-a, leh Ambedkar-a te vision anga hnam hrang hrang leh sakhaw hrang hrang betute inngeih tlang taka an khawsakho dial dial theihna tur ‘Plural/ Multi-cultural India’ pawngsual leh tihchhiata a awm mek hi ngai ngam lovin hengho hian ke an rawn penchhuak a ni tih hi hmuh hmaih luih theih a ni lo ang. Uttar Pradesh-ah chuan lungawilohna lantir zinga tel, activist pakhat Robin Verma chu police-ten an man a, “Hindu i ni a, eng vangin nge Muslim-te nen in inṭhian?” tiin an vau a, a chhungte dinhmun atana a hlauhawm tur thu thlengin an hrilh a ni. Zirna lama ram pum mai ni lo khawvel pum huapa mi langsar engemaw zatin CAA an duh loh thu leh an duh loh chhan an lo tlangaupui te pawh hi ngaihtuah tham a tling bawk. 

Tin, India ram kalphungah ramin zalenna a hmuh tirh aṭangin sakhua (religion) hi khua leh tui nihna tur atana tehkhawng (critieria) a hman a la ni ngai lo. Chutiang ni lo tur chuan India Danpui duang tura din Constituent Assembly-ah pawh nasa taka inhnial leh sawiho a nih hnuin hruaitu hmasa te khan khatih hun laia ram thar lo piang dang, Pakistan te ang lo takin India hi Hindu tam berna ram niin ram Danpui duangtute zingah pawh a tam ber ni mahse sawrkar ngei pawhin sakhaw tih bik a nei thiang lo tiin ‘democratic-secular principle’ chu India ram innghahna lungphum pawimawh ber pakhat ni turin an lo nemnghet tawh a. Chumi khawih danglama ‘Hindurashtra’ (Hindu Lalram) din tumna kawng reng reng chu India ram lo pian dan leh a inghahna lungphum khawih chhiatna leh ram Danpui pawisak lohna lian tak a ni tih hi a dodaltute rilru a lian ber pakhat a ni. 

Pu Ruata khan chiangkuang lo takin India ram independence lai vel ti hian a rawn sawi bawk a… "Kum 1947 a India-in zalenna a hmuh hun kha British India kan tih mai (India, Pakistan, Burma) te sakhaw tlawhchhana inṭhen darh (partition) nen a inang a...” tiin. Hetah pawh hian a ziaktu hian a history bu chhiar a fuh lo nge chhiar mumal lovin a ziak ni dawn ni (?); heng ram pathum a sawi zingah hian sakhaw behchhana ram valh chu Muslim League hovin Muhammad Ali Jinnah hova an din, Pakistan chauh hi a ni. India ram leh Burma erawh sakhaw behchhana ram piang a ni ve lo tih hi India ram leh British Indian history zirbingtute thuziak chhiar chuan a chiang hle. 

India hi sakhaw tlawhchhana din bik a nih lohzia chu ram danpui (Constitution) ah chiang takin kan hmu. Gandhi-a te remti lo chung Muslim League-in sakhaw behchhana Pakistan ram pianna tura hma an lakna khan Hindu leh Muslim-te insuatna rapthlak 'communal riot' nasa tak a tichhuak nghe nghe a nih kha. Khami duh lotu zingah khan Gandhi-a mai bakah a hnua India rama hruaitu langsar tak tak Islam sakhaw zuitu Abdul Kalam Azad te, Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan te kha India chanchin ziaknaah hian an hnathawh theihnghilh chi a ni lo ang. Chuvang chuan India ram chu Pakistan ang lovin sakhaw tihbik nei lo ram ni turin a lo zi chhuak ta reng a ni. Tin, Burma phei hi chu India independent hma kum 10 daih tawh (1937) khan British Indian Empire aṭanga lak hran a lo ni tawh bawk. 

Burma ram hi sakhaw tihbik leh chi/ hnam bil tihbik neia din a nih lohzia chu an ram independent dawna Panglong Conference Agreement leh a hnu a (sipai rorelna in an ram a awp beh hma a) Burma ram Constitution 

aṭang khan fiah takin a lang. He history hi uluk taka kan chhui chuan Pu Ruata sawi ang ni chiah lovin heng ram pathum - India, Pakistan leh Burma zingah hian sakhaw tlawhchhana ram lo piang chu Pakistan chauh hi a ni tih kan hre thei ang. ‘IAS officer hlun tak kum 90 dawn a upa’ in a hrilh kha Luka ziak ang maiin a lo pawm nghal hmiah mai niin a lang bawk. Chumi avang chuan Hindu firfiak hovin sakhaw tenau zawk betute laka an ngaihtuahna pawh engemaw chen a zuk hriatthiampui theih thu pawh a lang. 

Census record uluk taka kan chhui chuan 1951 ah Hindu 84.1 % leh Muslim 9.8 %, 1961 ah Hindu 83.45 % leh Muslim 10.69 %, 1971 ah Hindu 82.73 % leh Muslim 11.21 %  a ni a, 2001 ah Hindu 80.46 % leh Muslim 13.43 %, 2011 ah Hindu 79.80 % leh Muslim 14.23 % a ni tih a lang. 1951-a Hindu population 84.1% aṭanga 2011-a 79.80 tla thla ta pawh hi Hindu an tlem ta thut tihna ni lovin sakhaw dang pawh an inthlah pun ve reng avangin Hindu sakhaw zuitute bik hi pung tho mahse an punna rate a chhe deuh hret e tihna a ni ber mai. Chuvang chuan India ram mihring zawng zawng aṭanga chhuta 80 % dawn population neitu Hindu sakhaw zuitute tan hian hlauhthawn tur a awm lem lova, him ta tlat lo anga inhriatna hi chu Hindutva politics hrisel lovin mi ṭhenkhat ngaihtuahna a hlauhna awmze nei lo a tuh rah chhuah ni maiin a lang. 

Chumi population ṭhan dan rate inang lo deuh hret avang leh chumi behchhana hlauhna siam chawp (manufactured fear) hmang tangkaia Hindurashtra (Hindu Lalram) din an tumna hmanraw pawimawh tak pakhat 'CAA' lo pawmzam mai chu a hnam/ sakhaw tenau deuh chauhte ni lovin Hindu sakhaw zuitu tam tak pawhin an hriatthiam hleih theih loh chu a ni. Tin, hemi kaihhnawih deuh bawka sawi tel, 1980 chhova Assam Movement kha Muslim hrim hrim duhlohna lam ai mahin foreigner hrim hrim, eng sakhaw bia pawh, duhlohna (anti-foreigner movement) lam a ni mah zawk. Chubakah… "Assam state district tam bera Hindu tam zawkna ṭhinah Muslim an tam zawk ta a, chu chuan an ngaih a ti ṭha lova…” tih phei hi chuan engmah tui a pai lem lo. A chhan chu 2011 Census data bawk kan en leh chuan Assam-ah hian Hindu population 61. 47 % a ni a, Muslim chu 34.22 % a ni ve thung. Tin, district hi a vaiin 27 a awm a, chung district 27 ah chuan 18 chu Hindu majority awmna a ni a, district 9 ah chauh Muslim chuan majority an nei ve thung. 

A chunga kan sawi ang leh Pu Ruata ngeiin a Assamese ṭhianpa Utpal-a thusawi a rawn quote “…the protest is against giving citizenship to illegal immigrants from Bangladesh irrespective of their religion” tih hian a rawn kalh leh nghal a. Chuvang chuan a thuziak pawh hi a inkawlkalh (contradict) deuh nuai mai a ni. “CAA do chu ram hmangaihna leh mi hawi zau nihna ang reng deuhah kan hmang ta a ni ber a”, han tih te hi thu chuangtlai leh ṭawngkam chaltlai tak a ni. India ram state pakhata cheng ve riang ruang Vairengte thlang lama thil vir vel leh India ram pum anga thil vir vel man pha lo nihna chi khat te pawh a ni ta ve ang. ‘Keini min huam chuang lo’ ti zawnga kan mi hawi harh pawl tura ngaihten hetianga CAA duh lotu an han dem maite hian khua a ti var lo hle. “CAA hi tumahin dan ṭha tak a ni e an tih a rinawm lem loh…” a han ti zet a, chumi hnu-ah he dan ṭhatlohna lai pehhel chungin CAA duh lotute chu khitiang tak khian a han dem ta piap mai a ‘…Mah se dan ṭha lo chuan min huam ve lova’ a han tih te khian Vairengte pel lova CAA chungchang thlir hlei thei lo a nihna leh India ram leh a ziarang te, CAA chu ‘Unity in diversity’ tia India ziarang mawi tak ni ṭhin, Hindutva project mila kal tum, RSS political wing BJP-ten an sawi ṭhaih mekna hmanrua a nihna te chu haiderin a rawn thup ngar ngar a. CAB duh lo Kohhran te ṭawngṭaina leh ṭhalaite hmalakna te pawh chu incheina (fashion) ram hmangaihna leh mi hawi zau nihna ang reng deuhva hmangah a rawn chhuah ta ngawt mai a ni. 

Dan ṭha lo leh dik lo tih kan pawm tlan sa reng hi keimahni mimal min huam ve rih loh avang mai hian kan support dawn (kan dodal ngam dawn lo) tihna em ni ang? Moral principle mumal tak nei tan chuan a dik thei meuh dawn em ni? Hitlera’n Juda ho a suat vakna dan/ policy khan Juda kan nih ve loh avangin min huam ve ta lo a, chuvang chuan khami genocide/ annihilation policy rapthlak tak kha kan dodal ve dawn lo tihna em ni dawn? Dan ṭha lo leh dik lo kan do duh leh duh loh chhan hi keimahni mimalin tuna kan tawrh ve leh tawrh ve loh (self-interest) ringawtah a innghah chuan a buaithlakin a dik lo hle ang. A mihring lo em em a, a Mizo lo a, a Christian lo bawk. 

Tin, CAA protest movement hi ram pum huapin a la kal mup mup reng a. Supreme Court-ah te pawh petition thehluh niin court lam hian engtin nge thutlukna a siam dawn a hriat lem lo. Tuna India ram judiciary dinhmun ngun taka thlir chuan SC lakah pawh hian beiseina sang tak neih a har deuh mai thei. Chutih rual chuan he sawrkar thutlukna duhlohna hi kil hrang hrangah chhan hrang hrang vangin dodaltu an awm tih chu kan hriat tlan a ni. A chhan lian zual pahnih NE leh India ram hmun dangte protest na ki inang lo deuh hlek pawh a hmuh theih. 

Northeast lamah chuan a ram leilung fa (indigenous communities) te tana him lo nia ngaih a nih avangin dodalna a nasa hle a. Tuna CAA laka 'temporary relief' nei (he danin a huam tel ve rih loh) zingah pawh state tinah protest NGO leh civil society organization hrang hrang huaihawtin hmuh tur a awm. A chhan chu CAA danin an state a huam tel ve rih loh avang ringawtin he dan hi a ṭhat phah chuang lova. An ṭhenawm state ṭhenkhatah hman a nih tho dawn avangin khuareiah he temporary relief hian awmzia a neih tak tak an rin loh vang a ni. Chu thlirna chu a pawmawm viau. 

NE region piah lam India ram hmun danga an dodal chhan lian ber erawh India Danpui-in a tum (Constitutional ethos) leh UNO human rights charter kalha sakhaw tih bik neia khua leh tui nih theihna dan siam a nih vang hi a ni ber. Chu chuan India ramin zalenna a hmuh aṭanga vawiin thlenga a innghahna lungphum pawimawh berte zinga mi ‘dan hnuaia a sakhaw mal tihbik nei lo leh intluktlanna’ thuthlung chu a khawih chingpen tak vang a ni. 

- C. Zonunmawia, St Xavier’s College, Lengpui

- B. Lallianngura, School of Humanities & Social Sciences, IIT - Bombay