Bana Kaih Policy leh cooperative society-te

Kamkeuna

Bana Kaih Policy (Handholding Policy)-in a tum ber chu ṭhalai hnathawk theite eizawnna ṭha siamsak leh kut hnathawktute khaichhuah a ni. Chuta langsar ber zingah chuan kut hnathawktute’n thlai thar man man taka an hralh theihna tur ngaituahpui a, hralhna tur a ṭhat loh pawha sorkarin a leisak dan tur (price support/minimum support price) ruahmanna a tel a. Tin, he Bana Kaih Policy hi sorkarin a pung peksak leh guarantor-a ṭansak a, loan lak theihna a ni. He policy hnuaiah hian thlai thar hralh nan leh hnathawktute’n loan an lak theih nan sorkarin cooperative society-te hman ṭangkai a tum niin a lang bawk. Hemi chungchangah hian ngaihtuahna tizau thei thlirna tlem azawng kan rawn tarlang dawn a ni.

Bana Kaih Policy

Bana Kaih policy hi tuna sorkar lai Zoram People’s Movement (ZPM) hian an sorkar aṭanga thla sawm a ral dawn hnuah an hrual mûm a. A policy hi sap ṭawnga ziak chauh hmuh tur a awm rih avangin a mamawhtu ṭhenkhat tan chuan chipchiar taka hriatthiam a har deuh mai thei. Chutih rualin, hemi chungchanga kan CM, Adviser bakah Planning Secretary-te thusawi YouTube lamah chiang taka hriat tur a awm tho bawk. Thingtlang leh khawpuiah mamawhtu tam tak, sap ṭawnga ziak hrethiam tawk lo kan la awm dawn avangin, ‘Mizo ṭawnga ziak awm tel thei se chuan…’ tiin duhthu lo sam ve ngawt erawh a awl viau mai.

A tawi thei ang berin Bana Kaih Policy kalphung tur nia lang lo tarlang ila. He policy hi Mizoram pum huap policy niin, tihchhinna (pilot project) awm hran loin district zawng zawng vaihma vek a ni a. Eizawnna chi hrang hrang a huam avangin heng eizawnna hlawm lian pathum: loneih, huan enkawl leh ranvulh (primary/agriculture sector), thil siam chhuah (secondary/ industrial sector), loneih leh thil siam ni lo eizawnna chi dangte (tertiary sector) a tel vek a ni. Policy huapzo tak niin a lang. Sorkar hmasa lama kan lo hmuh ṭhin, a thlawna pawisa sem kha a laimu a ni chiah lo. Sem policy-a a dawngtute (beneficiary) kan tihte pawh a hming thlakin ‘progressive partners’ (hmasawnna hna thawhpuite) tiin an vuah an ni a. Anni hian an hmalakna turin bank loan awlsam zawk, dahkham awm lo leh a pung sorkarin a rulhsak (interest subvention) turin an la thei dawn a. Thlai thar hralhna a hlawk theih nan sorkarin a man tlawm tur a venpuina (minimum support price) a ruahman bawk. Heng thlai thar hralhnaahte hian sorkar chuan cooperative society-te kaltlang chauhin hma a lakpui dawn thu Chief Minister chuan a sawi. Sorkarin party unit emaw local/village council-te hmang loa cooperative society-te hman ṭangkai a tum hi a fakawm khawp mai. Chutih rualin, loan ni lo ṭanpuina pek tur hi cheng nuai khat thleng a awm thung a; sem policy ni lo mah se, Bana Kaih hian ‘sem component’ a nei ve tho tih erawh a lang.

Cooperative Society

Mizote hian 1949-a Aizawl Trading Cooperative Society Ltd. din a nih aṭang khan cooperative society hi kan hmelhriat tawh a. Ministry of Cooperation-in a tarlan danin, tunah hian Mizoram pumah cooperative society 1,253 vel a awm mek. Heng society-te hi member-te eizawnna azirin hawi zawng hrang hrang neia din an ni a. Lo neitu society te, ran vulhtu society te, puantah society-te leh sum leh pai thawh khawma inpûktir theihna society leh society dang dangte a awm a. Society awm lohna khua chu a tlem zawk a nih a rinawm.

Bana Kaih Policy-in a hman ṭangkai tur society-te hi huapzo society (multi cooperative society) a nih a ngaih dawn avangin society awm sate pawh her rem hret a, eizawnna hrang hrang huap zoa siam emaw chumi tura a thar din a ngai dawn a. Heng society dinna tur hi dan mumal tak leh inkaihhruaina awm sa a nih avangin dan anga thil kalpui a nih chuan society din emaw, siam rem hi a harin a rinawm lo. Hemi atan hian The Mizoram Cooperative Societies Act, 1991, The Mizoram Cooperative Societies Act, 2006 leh a hnu lama siam ṭhatna (amendment)-te a awm a. Tin, a inkaihhruaina dan–The Mizoram Cooperative Societies Rules 2012 leh a hnu lama siam ṭhatna (amendment)-te a awm. Heng dan mila kal dan tur chipchiar zawka inkaihhruaina (by laws)-te a awm bawk.

Tun dinhmunah chuan cooperative society-te inhman ṭawm theih Mizoram Multipurpose Primary Agricultural Credit Cooperative Society Ltd (MPACS) inkaihhruaina dan (by law) mumal tak a awm mek a. MPACS by-law hi a nih anga hman a nih chuan a ṭhat thawkhat a rinawm. He danin a phut ang chuan member nih theih dan hi chi hnih a awm:

• ‘A’ Class Member: ‘A’ Class member chu society thil neiha chanpual nei, by-law-in a phut ang member-te dikna chanvo zawng zawng chhawrbâwk theite an ni.

• ‘B’ Class Member: ‘B’ class member chu society-a a hminga member an ni. Act Chapter-IV, Section 27 angin nominal member emaw, associate emaw, sympathizer tih an ni bawk.

‘A’ Class member-te hi society-in registration a tih laia bul ṭantute leh mi dang, a hnua danin a remtihna anga ‘A’ Class member fee pete an ni a, society inrelbawlnaah thuneihna an nei. ‘B’ Class member-te chu member satliah an nih avangin society inrelbawlnaah an inrawlh thei lo thung.

Bana Kaih Policy-ah hian thlai thar hralhna hi sorkarin society member-te tan a ṭanpui tur thu Chief Minister-in a sawi a; hetah hian ‘A’ Class leh ‘B’ Class member an nih tur thu sawi a awm lo. Chutih rualin, Bana Kaih Policy hnuaia ‘Thlai Thar Market Kaihhruaina’ tih Mizoram Agricultural Marketing Board-in a siamah pawh a hranpaa sawifiahna a awm lo. Society member ni thei inkaihhruaina an rawn tarlana a lan dan chuan ‘A’ class member-te a tinzawn niin a lang. By-law fel tak awm sa a nih chuan ‘B’ class member-te tan pawh society hi hman ṭangkai theih ni se a ṭhat viau a rinawm. Society membership chungchangah hian member lo ni sate leh ni thar tute inkar mai bakah, political party inhruipawhna a awm palh loh nan inkaihhruaina dan a awm mumal a ngai ang. Society thar tam tak din a, a hnua hluihlâwn (defunct) leh mai ang hi a fuh loh avangin hemi kawngah hian inkaihhruaina dan ṭha kan mamawh. Hengte hian Bana Kaih Policy hlawhtlin leh hlawhtlin loh thui tak a hril ang.

Bana Kaih Policy leh ṭangrual bank thawh dun theih dan

Cooperative society-te hian ṭangrual bank (cooperative bank) an nei bawk a; Mizoramah chuan Mizoram Cooperative Apex Bank (Apex Bank tia kan hriat lar) hi state pum huapin zau takin a inzar pharh a; Aizawlah Mizoram Urban Cooperative Development Ltd. (MUCO Bank) an awm bawk. Apex Bank hnuaiah hian khaw tam takah tualchhunga ṭangrual bank/primary agricultural credit societies (PACS) a a; tun dinhmunah hian Mizoram district hrang hrangah Apex Bank branch 28 awmin, khaw hrang hrangah PACS 157 chuang an awm mek a ni. Mizorama bank tam zawkte hi sorkar laipui bank (public sector bank) emaw, state pawn mimal bank (private sector bank) an nih avangin Apex Bank hi kan tualchhung bank chak ber an ni a; biak in sakna tura loan tichhuaktu bank an ni nghe nghe.

Bana Kaih Policy hian Apex Bank hi cooperative society-te dâwm kân nan kawng hnihin a hmang ṭangkai nghal theiin a rinawm a. Kawng khatnaah chuan, kut hnathawktute bank loan tam ber hi Apex Bank-te nen mumal taka thawk dunin pek theih a ni dawn a. Bank-te chakna hnar leh sum peipunna hmanraw ṭha chu bank loan a nih bawk avang hian Bana Kaih Policy hlawhtlinna pawh Apex Bank-te kaltlangin anmahnia share nei cooperative society-te hnenah a lut leh ang. Hei hian kut hnathawktute loan rulhna leh sorkarin a pung a peksaknate hi a hlawkna mipui tam zawkin kan chan theih nan thui tak a puiin a rinawm. Chutih rualin, branch tinin an sum puktir theih zat san leh san lohin kawng ro a su bawk ang. Sorkar laipui bank lian zawk (public sector bank)-te el phak tur tunlai thiamna leh awlsamna an chhawp chhuahsak theih a ṭul dawn avangin hetiang lama thûk zawka ke an pênna remchang tak a ni dawn a ni.

A kawng hnihnaah chuan, Bana Kaih Policy hian tualchhung ṭangrual nank (PACS)-te hi ṭangkai zawka a hman theih a rinawm. Mizote hian PACS kan hmelhriat ṭha ve viau tawh a, sorkar laipui pawhin PACS-te hi thuam chak a tum a, tun hnaiah pawh tihchangtlun nan ‘PACS Computerisation Scheme’ a kalpui mek. Tualchhunga society member-te’n ṭangruala sum thawh khawma an din a nih avangin loan pawh eng emaw zat an pe ve ṭhin a. Anni hi loan tam tham lem lo pekna tur chi-ah chuan hman ṭangkai ṭulna chhan pawimawh tak a awm. Kan hriat lar sa self help group-te anga member-te vekin loan rulh ṭhat loh an tawrh theih avangin, rulh ṭhat loh palh thu-ah member-te vek an inveng tawn a. Tin, vengtu thuah hnihna atan Bana Kaih Policy kaltlang hian sorkarin a pung a rulhsak bakah guarantor-ah a ṭansak dawn avangin PACS tan pawh chet chhiat palh theih (risk) venna a awm ṭha dawn a ni. Sorkar tan pawh hei aia PACS dâwm kânna remchang a awm thei chuang awm lo e. Tin, by law thuhmun an hman avangin, thlai thar leina tura din society-te ngei pawh kha an thawh ṭhat chuan PACS hna thawk tur hian mumal takin siamrem theih an ni dawn bawk.

Tlipna

Kan Chief Minister-in Bana Kaih Policy hawn nia a sawi angin, he Policy hian kawng awlsam zawk nia lang ‘sem policy’ aṭanga min khaichhuah a tum viau a; hei hi a fakawm hle. Kan sorkar kal tawhte policy nena khaikhin pawhin he policy hi ‘Kalphung thar’ a ni ngei tih chu chiang takin a hmuh theih. He hmalakna pawimawh tak hi cooperative society te, Apex Bank leh PACS-te kaltlanga mumal taka kalpui theih a nih chuan zau zawkin a hlâwkna tam ber mipuiin kan chhawr thei ang.

- Dr. Daniel Lalawmpuia

- Dr. K. Vanlalhruaitluanga

Department of Economics, Pachhunga University College