EDUCATION POLICY LEH A TAK RAM
India Independent hnuah hian Education Commission/Committee pawimawh tak a lo awm tawh a, chu chuan Education Policy a rawn siam chuak ṭhin a ni, chu'ng zinga pawimawh zual deuhte chu Kothari Commission (1964–1966), National Policy on Education (1986), Revised National Policy (1992), National Curriculum Framework (NCF 2005) leh National Education Policy 2020 te a ni awm e.
• New National Education Policy 1986 buatsaih lai khan sawihona hrang hrangah ka tel ve a. Kha education policy siam dan kha a dangdai hle a, India rama education policy siam chung changa vantlang sawihona (public debate) neih hmasak ber a ni. Quality education a uar rualin “intluk tlanna policy” (a policy of removing disparities and equalizing educational opportunities) tih a ni. Hetiang a nih avang hian kei pawh Student Christian Movement aiawhin ka tel ve ṭhin a ni. Chu chuan education lamah tuina min pe a.
• Right to Education (RTE) Act : Kum 2009-ah khan Right to Education (RTE) Act of 2009 passed a ni a. He dan hian naupang kum 6-14 tan education chu a thlawna pek ngei tur (free and compulsory) tih a ni a. He dan hi August 4, 2009 Constitution Article 21A siam a ni.
• RTE Act chuan Education chu a thlawnin naupang kum 6-14 pek ngei tur a ti.
• RTE Act chuan Primary leh Middle School tan zirlai leh zirtirtu awm zat tur (pupil-teacher ratio) a siam a, Primary school-ah chuan 30:1, Middle ah 35:1 a ni.
• RTE Act chuan school naupang vuak, thlabar taka siam leh admission tur thlanna test siam a khap a ni.
• RTE Act chuan school neituten sum hlawm (capitation fee) lak leh zirtirtuten private tuition pek a khap bawk a ni.
• RTE Act chuan Sawrkar, Khawtlang leh nu leh pa tih tur a siam bawk.
• RTE Act chuan trained teacher-te chauh rawih tur a ti bawk a ni.
• RTE Act chuan Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) rawtna angin Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) system hman a rawt bawk a ni.
• National Education Policy, 2020 (NEP) siamtirtu (spirit of NEP) chu India ram changkang tak (developed nation) a nih theihna tura education policy siam a ni.
“an education system rooted in Indian ethos that contributes directly to transforming India, that is Bharat, sustainably into an equitable and vibrant knowledge society, by providing high quality education to all, thereby making India a global knowledge superpower.”
Lungthu panga (Pentagon): NEP 2020 chu lungthu panga (pentagon)- chunga chhuan a ni, chu'ngte chu Thlenphak, Intluktlanna, Zirna ṭha, Man to lo leh Langtlang (Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability and Accountability). He policy hian kan ṭhalaite tunah leh hun lo kal zel atan, ramchhung leh ram pawn aṭanga chona (challenge) hrang hrang hmachhawn thei turin a buatsaih dawn a ni.
• NEP chu Skill oriented education a ni a, lehkha thiamna (cognitive skill) mai duh tawk lovin nun thiamna (life skills) zirtir uar takin a rawt a ni.
• NEP in a ken tel chu National curriculum framework leh Structure thar 5+3+3+4 naupang kum 3-18 tan siam a ni.
• NEP chuan zirlaite ṭawng hran hrang thiamtir ṭulin a hria a, chuvangin Class IX leh X-ah chuan ṭawng hrang pathum zirtir a rawt a ni.
• NEP chuan Exam leh En dik dan (exam and assessment system) siam ṭhat a rawt a ni.
• NEP chuan Zirtirtu training siam ṭhat (strengthening of teacher training) a rawt bawk a ni. Kum li course (four years integrated B.Ed) siamin inter-disciplinary teacher buatsaih a rawt bawk a ni.
• NEP chuan education enkawl dan siam ṭhat (restructuring the education regulatory framework) a rawt bawk a ni.
• NEP chuan zirna atan sum tam zawk dah a rawt bawk a ni.
• NEP chuan technology uar taka zirtir a, zirtirna atan tam zawka hman a rawt bawk a ni.
• NEP chuan mihring intodelh theih nan skill training (vocational and adult education) uar taka kalpui a rawt bawk.
• NEP chuan subject tinah a ṭul leh pawimawh zirtir a, a ṭul lo paih a, zir tur tih tlem a rawt bawk.
• NEP chuan education siam ṭhat ngai zawng zawng siam ṭhat a, kalphung thara India education hi hruai a tum a ni. “Ngai teh thil engkim kan siam thar e,” tih ang deuh a ni.
• NEP chuan kan Mizorama kan harsatna tawh mek- Universalization policy hmanga hmun tina Primary school enkawl harsatzia hriain comprehensive school siama sâwi khawm a rawt bawk a ni.
• NEP chuan zirna ṭha; zirna peng hrang hrangah pek a tum (Quality Education across all stages of School Education) a ni.
• NEP chuan zirna ṭha chu lehkha thiam mai ni lovin, Rilru dik (moral) leh Nun dan (character) siam a ni tiin khawtlang nun siam ṭhat a tum a ni.
• NEP chuan liberal art college entawn deuhin College chu zalenna sang tak pek a, zirna chi hrang hrang zir theih atan buatsaih a tum a ni. Degree leh Diploma pawh pe turin thuneihna pek a rawt a ni.
• NEP chuan University chu National Research Foundation nen ṭanghovin, Research tihna tura buatsaih a duh a.
• NEP chuan beiseina sang tak neiin India ram chu mi thiam tamna (global hub of skill manpower) niin kum 25 lo la awm turah chuan ram changkang leh hmasawn, India thar (Amrit Kaal) thlentir a tum a ni (during the ‘Amrit Kaal’, the next 25 years leading up to Developed India in 2047).
Mizoram Education Reformed Committee pawhin 'Zoram thar' siam turin a chhe lai siam ṭha a, hmalam pana pen turin hma a la, aikal a titawpa zirtirtu indaih lohna phuhru turin casual teacher tam tak a la, a semrual bawk a ni.
4. A TAK RAM: NEP hi beiseina leh hmathar lakna a ni, hei hian India ram education dinhmun (scenario) a tarlang lo. A nihna dik chu hei hi a ni, India ramah hian school 14,89,115 (UDIE 2022) a awm a, Sawrkar school 10,22,386 zet a awm. Central sawrkar enkawl The Jawahar Novodaya Vidyalaya (JNV) 660 leh, Eklavya Model Residential School 690 tribal te tan a awm a, chu bakah chuan hengte hi a awm :
• International school (Five Star) school man to tak Rs 10,00,000 leh a aia annual fee man to zawk 120 zet a awm.
• Delhi Public School (DPS) 200 chuang a awm, annual fee Rs 5,00,000 leh a chung lam a ni deuh vek.
• Kendriya Vidyalayas school, Ministry of Education enkawl, 1200 a awm a, a hming chauha fee lakna Rs 500 vel chauh fee lakna school an ni.
• Sainik school 33, Sainik Society kal tlanga Ministry of Defence-in a enkawl a awm a, fee pawh Rs 150,000 bawr vel a ni. Sainik school thar 100 siam belh rawtna pawh pawm tawh a ni.
• Rashtriya Military Schools (RMS) 5 a awm a, Sawrkar school a ni na a, man to tak a ni. Rs 300,000 vel chu sen a ngai.
• Christian school 4000 vel a awm bawk.
• Higher studies lamah chuan IIT leh IIM te din a ni a, IIT annual fees Rs 100,000/ vel a ni ber mai. IIM erawh Rs 500000-800,000 vel a ni. Sawrkar enkawl IIT 23, IIM 21 a awm bawk.
• Private University 430 zet a awm a, Arunachal-in 8 a neih laiin Mizoram-in 1 kan nei a ni.
• Unaided Private school 4,00,000 zet a awm a. Heng zingah hian 60,000 vel chu ṭha tak an ni a, to lutuk lo, middle class tan pawh kal ve theihna tur an ni.
Sawrkar school- fee chawi ngai lo, midday meal leh uniform, text book a thlawna pekna school zingah ṭha tak a vang hle mai. Ram tam takin Sawrkar school ṭha taka an kalpui theih laiin India ramah chuan Sawrkar school ṭha tak siam hi kan harsat deuh niin a lang.
• KAN RAM TAN (MIZORAM CONTEXT): India Education policy hi engtin nge kan ramah kan hman ve ang? A hman dan tur ṭha tak ruahman hi Zofate mawhphurhna a ni.
• Medium of instruction chungchangah ngaihtuahna sen a ngai. Mihring nuai 13 lek kan ni a, Mizo ṭawng hi sakhua leh culture tana a hlut hle laiin, business leh academic khawvelah erawh chuan a ṭangkaina a la zim hle a ni. India Three language formula Hindi, Mizo leh English thiam ngei tur hian hma lak a ṭul em?
• Free and Compulsory Education ram pumpui hmasawnnan a ṭangkai laiin quality education kalpui tur chuan a theih chiah loh em ni tih tur a ni?
• Zirna school leh college ṭha chungchuang din tura hma lak ve hi ṭul kan ti em? Engtia tih tur nge?
• School management-ah hian Sawrkar hi kan hlawhchham ta em ni? Engtia tih tur nge ni ang?
• Private/State Zo University din tura hmalak ṭha kan ti em?
Kan ram Hruaitute, Educationist hote, Zirna lam veitute ngaihtuahna seng turin ka sawm a. Engtin nge kan ramah hian education ṭha takin kan kalpui ang a? Kan ram naupang leh ṭhalaite kan chenna khawvel chak taka danglam zel hmachhawn turin engtin nge kan buatsaih ang?
• HONEYMOON TIHTAWP A ṬUL TA: Assam hnuaiah District pakhat angin kan awm a. Kan rethei em em a. Rambuai-indo-carfew sawi khawm leh rilṭamin hrehawm takin kan awm a, tunah mahni state neiin ralmuang takin kum 40 dawn lai kan awm ve ta. Kan Politician te, Bureaucrat, Ṭhalaite leh Mipui vantlang pawhin kan enjoy a ni. Development sum tlem te kan dawn hi kan hak a ni. Ṭhalai lehkha thiamte pawhin central service-a luh aiin Mizoram service-a awm kan thlang zawk niin a lang. Tuna kan buaina ber chu tih tak takna leh rualelna kan tlachham a ni. Hei hi kan tihtawp a hun ta. Hmasawnna kawng zawh turin theih tawp kan chhuah a ṭul a ni. Tun Sawrkarah hian ka hruaitu ṭhenkhatten min tilawm viau. Theih tawp kan chhuah chuan kan din chhuak ngei ang.
• NGAIHDAN LEH RAWTNA: In ngaih dan leh suggestions lo dawng turin sawrkarin education consultant-ah min ruat a, Education Directorate-ah Government High School field opposite building-ah ka awm e.
- Rev. Dr. K.Thanzauva