Lirnghing i hlau em?

Lirnghingin thil a tihchhiat theih dan rapthlak tak avang hian thilmak leh hrilhfakawm an ti ṭhin a. Ni 26.1.2001 zing dar 8:46:41-a Gujarat lirnghing kha India ram Meteorological Department tehnaah chuan Richer Scale 6.9 a ni a, U.S. Geological Survey tehnaah chuan Richer Scale 7.9 a ni ve thung. Kha lirnghing kha mi thiamte chuan Hydrogen Bom Megaton 60 a chakin a thawhnat ang huin a thawk na a ni an ti. Kha lirnghing kha ni 15.8.1950 kuma Richer Scale 8.5a Assam ram hmar lama a nghina mi 11538 an thih ṭum nen khan lirnghing nasa tih a ni ṭhin a. Heng lirnghing ṭum hnih lo thlengte hi an thawk na khawp a, luipuite pawhin an luanna an sawn phah a, hmun zawl rualrem laite pawh nasa taka tih danglamin an awm a, lungte pawh sang tak takah a invawrh chho a ni. Tunhnaiah Nepal-ah lir nasa takin a lo nghing leh a, a rapthlak hle.

Scientist-te pawh hian lirnghin hun turte leh a nghinna hmun turte hi tun thleng hian an la hrilhlawk thei mai bik lova, an hrilhlawk theihte chu khawi lai hmunte nge lirnghing hlauhawm zualna laite tih chauh hi a ni mai awm e. Thil pawi tak pakhat chu hetiang lirnghing hlauhawm zualna laite hi hriatlawkna nei mahsela Kutch Gujarat ram velah te khan lirnghing lo thleng thut thei laka invenlawkna pakhat mah a awm loh avangin an tuar nasa a, chhanchhuahna atana inbuatsaih lawkna a awm loh avangin chhhanchhuahna hnathawh pawh a chak thei lo a ni an ti. Mizoram hi Very high risk zone a awm kan ni a, inralring renga kan awm a pawimawh hle.

India ram leh a chheh vela lirnghing nasa deuh deuhte:-

A hun A nghinna hmunte Ritcher Scale

4.4.1905 Kangra, Himachal Pradesh 8.0

1912 Burma 8.0

1918 Srimangal Earthquake 7.6

15.1.1934 Bihar - Nepal inrina vel 8.3

26.6.1941 Andaman Islands 8.1

15.8.1950 Assam mi 11,538 an thi 8.5

19.1.1975 Kinnaur leh Lahaul, Himalaya 6.2

1984 Cachar 5.8

21.8.1988 Bihar - Nepal inrina vel. Mi 900 an thi 6.5

20.10,1991 Uttarkashi - mi 1600 aia tam an thi 6.6

22.5.1997 Jabalpur bial vel - mi 40 vel an thi 6.0

29.5.1999 Chamoli, Uttaranchal, thil tam tak a tichhia 6.8

30.9.1999 Latur, Maharashtra - mi 10,000 aia tam an thi 6.3

26.1.2001 Gujarat 7.9

2011 Sikkim - mi 111 an thi 6.9

25.4.2015 Nepal - mi 8535 an thi 7.9

12.5.2015 Nepal - mi 65 an thi 7.3

Lirnghing nasa tak a lo nghin hnu hian a tenau deuh hi vawi engemaw zat a nghing nawn ṭhin. Lirnghing inṭan dawn lai vel hi Foreshock an ti a, a nghin nasat lai tak hi Mainshock an ti leh a, a nghing nasa tak a lo reh a, tlem tlema a lo nghing zui leh hi Aftershock an ti ṭhin.

Lirnghing hlauhawmna hmun tehna Seismic Zone hi hmun 5-ah an ṭhen a, chungte chu:-

Zone I Hlauhawm lo (no risk)

Zone II Hlauhawm nep tak (low risk)

Zone III Hlauhawm ve deuh (moderate risk)

Zone IV Hlauhawm tak (high risk)

Zone V Hauhawm nasa tak (very high risk)

Mizoram leh India hmarchhak pumpui leh Gujarat (Bhuj) te leh India hmar lam ṭhenkhatte hi lirnghing nasa tak thlen thut theihna Zone V-ah kan awm a, kan in sak danah te, inhmun thlan thuah te, nitin nun kan hman danahte fimkhur a ṭul hle a ni.

Khawvel puma lir nghin zin dan:-

A nasat dan A nat dan, Kumkhata a nghin

Ritcher scale (Magnitude) zat tlangpui

Great 8 leh a aia nasa 1

Major 7 - 7.9 18

Strong 6 - 6.9 120

Moderate 5 - 5.9 800

Light 4 - 4.9 6,200

Minor 3 - 3.9 49,000

Very minor 3.00 hnuai lam

Magnitude 2-3 hi nitin vawi 1000 nghing ang a ni.

Magnitude 1-2 hi nitin vawi 8000 nghing ang a ni.

Ritcher scale 3 aia nep mihring tan hriat tham a ni meuh lo.

Lirnghing tehna Ritcher Scale hmuchhuaktu chanchin

Tunlaia lirnghing nat zawng an tehna Ritcher Scale an tih mai hmuchhuaktu chu Charles Francis Ritcher a ni a. Hamilton khua, Ohio State, Amerika piang a ni. University of Southern California leh Stanfordte, California Institute of Technology-ah te a zir ṭhin. Kum 1928 khan Ph.D. degree California Institute of Technology aṭangin a hmu a, kum 1936 - 1976 thleng khan California Institute a Seismological Laboratory-ah Seismology Professor hna a thawk. Lirnghing chhuitu pawl (Seismology) lama a lo tui chhoh dan an zawh chuan “Hei hi thilmak tak a ni. Theoretical Physics subject-a Ph.D. ka zir laiin min zirtirtu pa Dr. Robert Millikan chuan nikhat chu a pisaah min ko a, Seismological Laboratory-in Physicist an mamawh thu min hrilh a, Physicist chu ka zir loh subject a ni a. Mahse, chu hna chu thawh ka chak ta tlat mai a, Laboratory hotupa nen chuan kan inbia a, kum 1927 khan he lirnghing chhuina lam hna hi ka zawm ta a ni” a ti a ni.

Ritcher-a hian lirnghing nat zawng tehna chu kum 1935 khan a lo siam chhuak ta a ni. Lirnghing tehna an hmuh chhuah hmasa zawk chu De Rossi (1880) leh Guiseppe Mercalli (1902) te hmuh chhuah a ni a, hei hian building chhiat dan aṭang leh mipuite tawrh dan aṭang chauhin lirnghing nasat dan a teh thei. Ritcher-a chuan hei hi ṭha tawk loin a hria a, kum 1930 khan lirnghing chi hrang hrang 200 a chhuina aṭangin tuna kan hmanlai Ritcher Scale hi a lo hmu chhuak ta a ni.