Mizoram thingtlangin MGNREGA a mamawh chhan

India hmarchhak state pariat zinga pakhat Mizoram hi hnam nunphung hrang hrang leh ramngaw mawi tak tak awmna hmun a ni a. A pianphung mawi tak ni mah se, state hian ei bar zawnna (socio-economic) lamah harsatna eng emaw zat a tawk a, a bik takin thingtlang lamah chuan harsatna a tawk nasa hle. Thingtlang lama cheng tam takte eizawnna bulpui ber chu loneih a ni a, mahse, hei hian ruahtui tlak dan tur hriat lawk loh, lo neih dan hmanlai tawh leh rel bawl dan ṭha tawk loa innghat a ni. Heng harsatnate sutkian nan hian India sorkar chuan kum 2005 khan Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) a siam a, hei hi flagship scheme niin, thingtlang mite eizawnna pek leh eizawnna tihchangtlun tumna a ni. He thuziak hian Mizoram thingtlang tana MGNREGA a pawimawh dan leh, ei bar zawnna (economic) lama thingtlang khaw hrang hrangin harsatna an tawh dan te, a hlawknate zir chian kan tum dawn a ni.

MGNREGA hriatthiamna:

MGNREGA hi thingtlang chhungkuaa puitling, thiamna nei lo, kut hnathawk tura inpete tan kum khatah ni 100 tal hlawh neia hnathawh theihna tura ruahman a ni. He scheme hian a tum ber chu thingtlang hmunhma tihchangtlun a tum a, chutih rualin, hmun hla zawka mite tan hnathawhna tur kawng siamsak a, retheihna tihziaawmna, thingtlang hmasawnna nghet tak leh mi zawng zawng huapzo hmasawnna kawngah a pui a ni. He dan hian thingtlang chhungkaw puitlingte chu tui humhalh, ram tihhmasawn, ramngaw siamna leh thingtlang inzawmna hna hrang hrangah hlawh neia hnathawhna a pe a. He scheme hi thingtlang mipui tamna state-ah a pawimawh hle a, loneih chu ei leh bara an hnungzang ang a ni a. Mizoramah chuan MGNREGA hian thingtlang lama hnathawkte harsatna tawhte sutkian kawngah a pui hle a ni.

Mizoram thingtlang socio-economic landscape:

Mizoram hi tlang ram, khaw darh zau tak leh loneih lama eizawng tamna a ni. State eizawnna hi loneihah a innghat nasa hle a, eizawnna atana hmanraw pawimawh ber a ni bawk. Mizorama agriculture kalpui dan hi ruahtui tlak tamna ber a nih avangin ruahtui tlak laia inthlak danglamna lakah an hlauhawm hle. Khaw lum leh khaw vawt hriat lawk loh bakah hian infrastructure ṭha lo, market-a luh theihna tlem leh lo neitute sum leh paia puihna ṭha tawk lo chuan thingtlang khaw mipuite harsatna chu a tizual hle.

Mizorama thil pawimawh tak pakhat chu, hnathawh tur tlem lutuk leh raltlan tam lutuk hi a ni. Thingtlang chhungkaw tam tak chuan an sum lak luhna bulpui ber atan agriculture an ring a, mahse, loneih leh thil hrang hrang siam chhuahna hun remchang tlem avangin mite’n kum tam zawk chu hna nei lo leh harsa tak in an awm ṭhin. Hei hian khawpui emaw, a chhehvela state emawa hna zawnga pêm chhuahna a thlen a, khawpui hausakna sang lutuk tawhte chu a tibuai a, chhungkaw inṭhenna a thlen a ni.

Hetiang ei leh bar zawnna hnufum hi ngaihtuah hian Mizorama thingtlang mite chuan hun rei lo te chhunga hnathawh tur mamawh leh hun rei tak chhunga hmasawnna tumte ngaihtuah turin MGNREGA inrawlh hi a mamawh tak zet a. Mizoram thingtlangin harsatna a tawhte MGNREGA kalpui a nih hma hian thingtlangah harsatna eng emaw zat an tawk a, chungte chuan sum leh pai lama hmasawnna leh eizawnna tihchangtlunna kawngah harsatna an tawk a ni. Hnathawh tur tlem avangin thingtlangah hian eizawnna chi hrang hrang an tlachham a. Chu bakah, state ram leilung hnim hring avang hian loneih hmasawnna a awm lo a, hmanlai Mizo lo neih dan an la hmang nasa hle. Chuvang chuan thingtlang chhungkaw tam tak chuan hlo thawh zawh hun âwlah hna an nei lo emaw, an thawk tlem emaw ṭhin. Tualchhungah hnathawh tur tlemte chauh a awm avangin thingtlang mi tam tak chu hna zawngin khawpuiah emaw, state dangah emaw an pem lut ṭhin. Hetianga pem hian chhungkuaah harsatna hrang hrang a thlen fo va, pem lutte ngei pawh hi hnathawhna hmuna hmanraw hmansualna an hmachhawn fo. Chu bakah, state hian lo neih hun chhunga pem lut lo kîr lehte hip luh kawngah harsatna lian tak a tawk a, hei hian thingtlang eizawnna leh khawtlang a tibuai zual hle. Mizoram thingtlang hmun hang hrangah infrastructure ṭha lo an tuar a, hei vang hian agriculture productivity tihpun emaw, eizawnna kawng dang siam emaw a harsa. Bazar, lirthei, hriselna leh zirna ang chi bulpuite chu hmun hla takah chuan a tlem fo ṭhin. Infrastructure mumal tak a awm loh chuan thingtlang eizawnna tihhmasawn emaw, tualchhung mite tana hnathawhna hmun nghet siam emaw chu thil harsa tak a ni ta a ni.

State hi boruak inthlak danglamna avanga harsatna tawk nasa tak a ni a, a bik takin agriculture lamah a ni zual. Ruahtui tlak dan tur hriat lawk loh, leilung chhiatna leh leimin hian loneih hnathawh a tibuai ṭhin. Hei hian Mizorama thingtlang khaw hrang hrangte chu MGNREGA ang support scheme-ah an innghat lehzual a, hei hian ram enkawl dan mumal tak, tui humhalh leh thingtlang infrastructure tihhmasawn kawngah khawchin hriat lawk loh lak nghawng tihziaawmna kawngah a pui thei a ni.

Mizoram thingtlanga MGNREGA hlawkna:

MGNREGA hi Mizoram thingtlang tana khawtlangin harsatna tam tak an tawhte sutkian kawngah nunna kawngkhar a ni. MGNREGA kalpui a nih avang hian thingtlang mipuite tan hlawkna tam tak a awm. Hnathawhna siamsak leh income security hi Mizorama MGNREGA hlawkna direct ber pakhat chu eizawnna siam chhuah a ni. Ni 100 tal hlawh neia hnathawh theihna tur guarantee hmangin MGNREGA hian thingtlang chhungkaw tan sum mamawh tak a pe. He sum lak luh hian thingtlang retheihna tihziaawmna kawngah a pui a, sum leh pai lama himna a pe a, chhungkuate pawhin an mamawh bulpui an phuhru thei bawk. Chutiang mite tan chuan loneih lama inhmang an nih avangin he sum lak luh belh hian thlai chi, hmanrua leh fertilizer ang an lei theihna phah ṭhin a, hei hian agriculture productivity tihsan theihna a nei a ni.

MGNREGA hian a bul berah chuan thiamna nei lo kut hnathawh theihna hun remchang pe mah se, thingtlang lama thiamna tihhmasawn kawngah pawh tlang takin a thawh hlawk hle. Infrastructure project-a an inrawlh hmang hian thingtlang lama hnathawkte chuan in sakna, ram tihhmasawn, tui enkawl dan leh thil dang dangah thiamna ṭangkai tak tak an nei a ni. Heng thiamnate hian hna hrang hrang an thawh theihna a tihpun mai bakah, state chhunga harsatna siamnaah a pui bawk a, thingtlang lama chengte chu hnathawhna hmun zau zawk atan a buatsaih a ni.

MGNREGA-a thil pawimawh tak pakhat chu thingtlang infrastructure nghet tak siam a ngai pawimawh hi a ni. Mizoramah chuan hei hian thingtlanga kawng siam te, tui pek dan tur te, tui humhalh dan turte leh ramngaw humhalh tura hmalaknate a huam tel a. Heng project-te hian thingtlang hmasawnna zawng zawngah a pui a, inbiakpawhna tihchangtlun te, loneitute tana lirthei senso tihtlemte leh thil ṭangkai bulpui hmuh theihna tihpunte a ni.

MGNREGA hian ram leh tui humhalh dan mumal zawk tihhmasawn kawngah pawh a thawh hlawk hle. Mizoramah hian tuikhuah tihchangtlun, leilung humhalh, tui lak khawmte chu a pawimawh berte zinga mi a ni a. Heng hmalaknate hian tuilian leh ruahtui tlak lohna laka state-in harsatna a tawhte a sutkian pui a, agriculture productivity leh thingtlang eizawnna atan hun rei tak chhung hlawkna a thlen a ni.

MGNREGA hian Mizoram thingtlang lama hmeichhiate tan a thawh hlawk hle bawk. Scheme hian hlawkna hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat tal hmeichhiate tan a nih tur thu a tarlang a. Hmeichhiate chu hnathawhna hmuna tel theihna leh hlawh theihna hun remchang a siamsak a ni. Hei hian hmeichhiate sum leh pai dinhmun a tichangtlung mai bakah, chhungkua leh khawtlang chhungah thutlukna siam theihna a tipung bawk.

Mizorama MGNREGA kalpui dan kawngah harsatna tam tak a awm a. Chung zingah chuan geographical leh logistical lama harsatna awm theite Mizoram tlang ram leh khua darh zau tak avangin infrastructure project lian tham tak tak kalpui harsatna hi a ni.. Hmun hla tak takah bungrua leh hnathawkte phurh chhuah hi harsatna lian tak pakhat a ni. Chu bakah, tlang ram hmun a nih avangin luhna kawng mumal a awm loh fo avangin MGNREGA hlawkna chu khawtlang zawng zawng hnena thlen a harsa. MGNREGA hian thingtlang economy tihdanglam theihna a neih laiin, a hlawhtlinna chu a taka kalpui danah a innghat a ni.

Mizoramah hian a chang chuan scheme-in ruahmanna a siamte hriat chian lohna a awm thei bawk. Hei bakah hian eirukna leh inrelbawlna dik lo a awm thei a, sorkar scheme lian tam tak dang ang bawkin MGNREGA hian eirukna leh enkawlna dik lo kaihhnawih harsatna a tawk a ni. Thil eng emaw takah chuan hlawh pekna emaw, thil lei emaw atana ruahman sumte chu tihdanglam a ni a, hei hei hian telna a tichak lo thei a, programme-in nghawng a neih pawh a tikhawtlai thei bawk.

Tlipna:

MGNREGA hian Mizoram thingtlang lamah harsatna hrang hrang, eizawnna tlakchhamna, retheihna leh infrastructure tlakchhamnate sutkian nan hmanraw pawimawh tak a ni tih a finfiah tawh a. He programme hian hnathawhna siamna hmangin chhawmdawlna a pek nghal mai bakah, thingtlang infrastructure tihchangtlun leh agriculture kalphung nghet tak tihhmasawn hmangin hun rei tak chhunga hmasawnna a thlawp bawk. Hnathawh kawngah harsatna awm mah se, Mizorama MGNREGA hlawkna hi hnial rual a ni lo. State hian sik leh sa inthlak, raltlan leh retheihna ang chi thil a hmachhawn chhunzawm zel avangin thingtlang mipuite eizawnna hi a pawimawh hle dawn a. Programme tihchak lehzual a, awareness tihchangtlun leh ṭha taka kalpui a nih rualin, Mizoram thingtlang mipuite’n kum tam tak chhung chu he scheme hi an hlawkpui chhunzawm zel theih nan a pui a ni. 

- Emmy Lalruatsangi, MA (Political Science) 3rd Semester, ICFAI University, Mizoram