INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AṬANGA HMEICHHE DIKNA CHANVO THLIRNA: HMASAWNNA LEH HMATHLIR

Hun rei vak lo kal taah khan inngaizawng inkara kut inthlakna, hmeichhe chunga hleilenna kan hmu a. Ṭhenkhat chuan chawpchilhin ngaihdan kan lo siam a, a hmeichhia kha demna thu hial kan chhak chhuak a. Mi hrehawm tawrh laia fiamthu thawh nana mâwl taka lo hmang zui an awm a. Heng hunah hian a tuartu lo dem a, tlansan daih mai âwm tite an awm ṭhin a. Heng thil thlengte hian mipa leh hmeichhiate ngei pawhin mihring dikna chanvo kan neih kan hriat tawk lohzia a pho lang a, heng thute hi sawia ziak a ngaih fo phah ṭhin a nih hi!

Human rights chhungah hian women’s rights hian ngaihven leh ngaih pawimawh a hlawh nêp ṭhin hle a. Indopui II-na hnu lamah hian International Human Rights Law hian kawng a sial nasa hle a. Hemi kawngah hian Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) te, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) leh Beijing Platform for Action te hian hma an la nasa hle. Mahse, hmun ṭhenkhat, a bikin mipa rorelna (patriarchal society)-ahte chuan heng hmeichhe dikna chanvote hian hriat a la hlawh lo hle a ni. International law-ah pawh hian hmeichhe dikna chanvo ngaih pawimawh a nih hi a la rei lo hle a, human rights movement hmasa lamah pawh women’s right hi agenda-ah tel a la ni lo a nih kha.

UDHR AṬANGA CEDAW HMASAWNNA KAILAWN

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) hi kum 1948-a United Nations General Assembly hmalakna a ni a, human rights chungchang ni mah se, chiang taka gender chungchanga inthliar hranna lam erawh a sawi lang lo. UDHR Article 1 chuan mi zawng zawng hi dikna leh chanvoah zalen leh intluktlang vek kan ni tih chauh hi a tarlang a. A tak taka hmalakna nei hmasatu chu kum 1979-a neih Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) kha a tih theih awm e. Hmeichhe tan bika international bill of rights tia sawi ṭhin CEDAW hian kawng hrang hrang–ram inrelbawlna, ei leh bar zawnna, khawtlang nun leh hnam thilah pawh hmeichhia leh mipa nihna avanga inthliar hranna (gender based discrimination) awm ṭhinte chu tibo turin hma a la nasa hle. Heti lam hawi zawng leh hmeichhe dikna chanvo humhalhna kawngah chuan a langsar pawl leh thawh hlawk tak a ni chho ta zel a ni.

BEIJING PLATFORM FOR ACTION LEH A DANGTE

He Beijing Platform for Action hi kum 1995-a Beijing-a neih Fourth World Conference on Women-in a hrin chhuah a ni a. He hmalakna hian hmeichhiate hmasawnna leh hamṭhatna tur kawng hrang hrang 12 lai an huam a. Heng zingah hian hmeichhiate chunga hleilenna te, hriselna leh zirna kawngah te, ram inrelbawlnaa tel vete a tel a. CEDAW leh Beijing Platform for Action bakah hian khawvel pum huapa hmalakna hrang hrang a awm a. Chungte chu–Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), International Labour Organization’s (ILO) Conventions on Gender Equality in the Workplace leh, United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolutions on Women, Peace, and Security (a bik takin UNSC Resolution 1325)-te hi a ni a, an ṭangkai hle a ni.

Hmeichhe chunga hleilenna leh tihduhdahna, adt chungchangah hian Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (1993) leh Istanbul Convention (2011)-te hian dan ang taka hmalak a nih theih nana hma latu ṭangkai tak an ni a; International Criminal Court (ICC) hi henga tisualtu leh kut thlaktu hremna kawnga hma latu a ni bawk.

HMASAWNNA DALTU ṬHENKHATTE

Hmasawnna tam tak a awm tawh tih chu phat rual a ni lo va, mahse, mipa lalna leh rorelna hmunah chuan chhungril taka hmeichhe dikna chawisanna hi a la awm lo hle a ni. Hmangaihna kawrawng an sawi ang deuhin heng hmasawnnate hi a pawnláng a, chhungrila han thlawptu an tlem em em a; mipa chauh ni lo, hmeichhiate thlengin thlawp lem lo an thahnem hle a ni. Kan nun hona kawng tam takah hian hmeichhiate hian an chanvo chan loh an ngah hle a, hengte hi sakhuana nena thlun zawm an ni hlawm a. Eng pawh mai hi sakhuana nena sawi zawm a nih chuan mawlmang taka thlawp tur emaw tihna te, rilru fim pu hman lova thutlukna siam maite hi a awl hle a ni.

A dawt lehah chuan dan ṭha tak awm mah se, a kenkawh lamah hian kan chak lo hle ṭhin a. Hei hi chu khawvel hmun dangah leh Zoramah ngei pawh hian hmasawnna daltu lian tak pakhat a ni. Tun hmain hmeichhiate kutthlak leh tihduhdahte Zoram hriatah a thleng fo va, a titu na taka dan hmanga hrem an nih hi hriat tur a vâng ṭhin hle a; a tuartu dem tawk ta daih pawh an awm fo a ni. Tu mah hian na tawrh kan duh lo va, ka rilru hlauhna hmanga thunun a nih tawh chuan kan duh dan angin kan awm thei lo fo. ‘Na taka dem’ ringawt hi a tawk lo va, hmalaka a tisualtuin hremna a tawh ngei hi dikna kan duh tak tak a nih chuan a ngai hle.

Zoramah pawh hian hmeichhe pawl kan nei ngei mai a, anni zarah hmeichhiate’n hamṭhatna tam tak kan chang a. Nimahsela, tun hunah chuan hmalakna tur a danglam tawh. Hmeichhe nungchang ṭha lo nia hriatte chungah chauh hma la lovin, tu pawh, mi rethei emaw mi hausa emaw pawh ni se tihduhdahna tâwk an awm chuan hma la ngam turin han huaisen deuh deuh se la. A nih loh chuan an ṭangkaina tur hi hmeichhhia zawng zawng ban phak a ni dawn ta lo tlat a ni.

Kan khawtlanga thil thleng tam takah hian mi rethei leh hmeithaite hmuhsitna a la lamgsar em em a; hengte hi human rights law bawhchhiatna vek a ni tih kan hriat nawn fo a ṭul. Kan sakhuanaa ṭhatna leh dik duhnate hian khawtlanga mi hniamte leh dinhmin tleute hi thleng phak mawlh rawh se.

- Debbie Rinawmi