MIZO ṬAWNG

Mizote kan fing chho zel a, thiamna sang chho zelin, mahni hnam ṭawng ngai hlu an lo pung ta zel hi a lawmawm ngawt mai. Mi thiam Ralluaii Chhangte chuan, “Hnam min phuar khawmtu ber chu ṭawng hi a ni a. Hming te, ram te, hnam d^nte leh thil dang dangte chu an pawimawh hl> nachungin, min phuar khawmtu ropui ber chu ṭawng pakhata kan inbe thei hi a ni.” (Mizo ṭawng chikna,1) ti-a a lo sawi ang hian Mizo hnam tlêmte min phuar khawm tlattu chu kan hnam ṭawng hi a ni.

Eng tik lai maha hlamchhiah chi a ni lo vang. Enid H. Lalrammuani chuan, “Hnam fing zawk leh chak zawktekara kan nun khawchhuah ve theihna awmchhun chu hnam thinlung nghet tak kan neih hi a ni. Chumi siam theitu pawimawh tak chu ṭawng hi a ni” (Zoṭawng,156). Chuvang chuan hnam fing zawk leh chak zawkte kara kan din khawchhuah ve theih nan kan ṭawng hi humhalh a ṭul a. Humhalh mai ni lovin hma a sawn theih nan pawha ṭan lak a ngai hle bawk.

Chutianga hmasawnna rahbi rap tur chuan hnam dang ṭawngte hi kan chheh rem thiam a ṭul em em a ni. “Sap ṭawng hausakzia kan hria a, nuai eng emaw zat awmin an sawi a ni. Mizo ṭawng thung erawh chu ṭhahnem ngai taka khawn khawm pawhin sing hnih aṭanga sing thum inkar vel chauh niin a lang” (Zoṭawng: Lehlin kawnga harsatna leh hmathlir, Nununa Renthlei, 177).

Mizo Ṭawng Ṭobul

Mizote hian kan chanchin bul lam (History) hi kan hre tawi hle a, ṭawng phei chu khawthlangmite thu ziak aṭang lo chuan inhlan chhawn hmuh tur kan nei lo a tih theih ang. Pi pu thawnthuah chuan “Savun lehkha” nei ṭhin anga sawi a awm a, chu pawh chu a bo tak thu kan hre lehzel chauh a ni. Kum 1869-a T.H. Lewin (Thangliana) lehkhabu “The Hill Tracts Of Chittagong and the Dwellers Therein; with Comparative Vocabulary of the Hill Dialects”(Zoram Varṭian,207) aṭangin Mizo hawrawp ziaka dah kan hmu chho ṭan a. B. Lalthangliana chuan, “Hnam dangin Lusei
ṭawng an zirna tura buatsaih, mi ṭawng ri ngun taka a lo ngaihthlaka a hriat dan chu Roman hawrawpin a dah a ni a,”(Mizo Literature, 85) tiin Thangliana Mizo ṭawng lo ziah dan a sawi a; ṭawng ri leh thu mal lam dan man fuh loh tak takte pawh a nei reng a ni.

G.A. Grierson-a'n Mizo ṭawng ṭobul a chhuinaa Mizo ṭawng chu Tibeto-Chinese/Sino-Tibetan Family-a Tibeto Burman hlawm zinga Kuki-Chin Group an tih zinga mi a nih thu hi kan pawm dan tlanglawn chu a ni ta a ni. Mizo ṭawng hi Mizo ṭawng kan tih hma hian Lusei
ṭawng tih a ni ṭhin a, Lusei ṭawng tih a nih hma hian Duhlian ṭawng tih a ni ṭhin. Hei hi Mizo
ṭawng chungchanga chhui hlat theih ber a ni ta a ni (Mizo ṭawng ṭobul, 5). Hemi kan sawi avang hian chi peng dangte ṭawng kha Mizo ṭawng a ni lo e kan tihna lam erawh a ni lo.

Kan sawi tak angin Mizo ṭawng hi Roman Script aṭanga siam a ni a. Chumi awmzia chu Saphovin an ṭawng hi Roman hawrawp, anmahni ṭawng mila her rem hret hretin an ṭawng ziak nan an lo hmang ta a; hemi a nih avang hian Roman Script an ti a ni. Chumi mil chuan Sapho chuan Mizo ṭawng pawh hi an her rem leh a, A Aw B siam nan min lo hmansak ta a ni.

Mizo ṭawng hawrawp ziah chhuah nan hian Pu Buanga khan hawrawp ziah dan system hrang hrang a hmuh aṭangin Hunterian system of orthography/Hunterian system of spelling chu a thlang ta a. Tichuan, Mizo ṭawng chu - ṭawng ri, benga hriat anga Roman hawrawp hmanga William Hunter-a'n ziaka a dah chhuah dan (Hunterian system) hmanga siam chhuah a lo ni ta a ni (Zoram Varṭian, 85). “2 Ralluaii Chhangte pawhin hetiang hian a lo sawi ve bawk a, “...kan ṭawng ziak dan siam nan hian Roman Script hi hawrawp at^n a hmang a, Hunterian system an tih mai chu tl>ma tidanglam deuhvin thu kan ziak (spell) d^n leh kan lam rîk d^n chawiha hmehbel n^n a hmang a ni,”(Mizo
ṭawng chikna, 11).

Pu Buanga leh Sap upa te pawh kha hawrawp an siam hmain Bengali ṭawnga siam tur nge Roman hawrawpin ni ang tiin an inbûk ve hle. A tawpa an thutlukna ni ta chu Mizo
ṭawng leh Roman hawrawp hi inhnaih zawka an hriat avangin Roman hawrawpin an siam ta a ni. Tichuan, he a aw b hi Pu Suaka, Durtlang lal leh Pu Thangphunga, Chaltlang lal ten an zir hmasa ber a, hemi hma hian Bengali Babu pakhat hnen aṭangin Hindi an lo zir nual tawh a, Hindi hawrawp ai chuan awl an ti zawk a ni ang, kar khat hnu lekah an thiam nghal mai a ni (Mizo Literature, B. Lalthangliana,92-93).

Ṭawng thl<k

Mizo ṭawngah hian a thl<k hi a pawimawh em em a, tone language an tih ang hi niin, thumal pakhat hmangin thil chi hrang hrang kan sawi ṭeuh thei a ni. Entir nan: Buhfai ka lei (buy), I bel hun chu a va lei (slant/tilt) ve, Ka lei (tongue) a na, ka lei bat (debt) ka tlak, kan veng chu a lei (land) a rem khawp mai, Tlawng lei (bridge) a chim. Heta sap ṭawng thumal kan dah tel ang hian Mizotena thumal pakhat, a thl<k tidanglama thu awmze dang kan sawi laiin sap chuan thumal hrang hrang an hmang thung a ni.

Thl<k lamah chuan kan ṭawng hi a hausa kan ti ngam ang; nimahsela, thumal lamah erawh kan pachhiatna a lang fo ṭhin a ni. Chumi a nih avang chuan thumal chher chhuah lamah ṭan kan lak a ngai.

Mizo Ṭawng hausakna

A chunga kan sawi tak Mizo ṭawng thl<k chungchang pawh khi Mizo ṭawng hausakna ang zawng pawhin a dah theih ve bawk ang. Entirna dang han tarlang ila: Insu leh inbual hi vai chuan “dholana” leh “nahana” an ti mai a, sap lahin “washing” leh “bathing” an ti leh mai a. Keini erawh chuan kan tihfai tur azirin, “su, bual, sil, tleng, tleuh, ṭhuah, phih” tiin kan sawi ṭhin (Mizo ṭawng kalphung,220).

Sap ṭawnga carry chu 'keng' ti-a lehlin mai theih a nih laiin Mizo ṭawng chuan a kengtu hi eng taksa bung hrang nge a nih a, chu taksa bung hrang chuan eng ti angin nge a ken tih te, a thil ken chu eng nge a nih sawi nan thu hrang hrang kan hmang thei a ni. Kuta kan carry dan chu keng te, h<m te, khai te, chawi te a ni a. Lu-a kan carry dan chu thing leh em kan phur emaw, chhipchhuan emaw a ni leh hlauh thung. Heng bakah hian chi dang dang pawh a la awm. A dawt lehah chuan sap ṭawnga wear tih hi kawng hrang hrangin kan hmang thei a, hà te, khum te, bun te, beh te, awrh te, pawnfen chu ‘feng’ kan ti a, kekawr chu kan ‘ha’ ṭhin thung. Hmeichhiain puan an bih a, mipain an veng thung a, a bahin kan bat thei bawk. Heng chi hrang hrang hi wear chuan a huam thei vek tho a, Mizo ṭawng erawh chuan sawi dan hranga sawi a ngai vek thung. Hei hi kan ṭawng hausakzia lanna chi khat chu a ni awm e (Mizo Ṭawng chikna, 12,13).

Heng kan tarlan avang hian Mizo ṭawng hi a changtlungin hnam dangte aiin a hausa daih zawk kan tihna lam chu a ni chuang lo. Hnam dangte anga ṭawng bungraw hausa tak kan neih theihna turin Mizo ṭawng hian theihna a nei a ni tih lam hi kan rilruah lian zawk se a duhawm hle ang. Mizote khan an hmuh leh hriat phak chinah chuan Mizo ṭawng ngeia sawi theih loh an nei lo kan ti thei bawk ang. James Dokhuma'n, “Heng motor leh kh^wl dang leh thil dangte pawh hi hmakhawsang aṭangin lo siam ve tawh ni ila, damdawi lam chen hian lo siam ve ṭhin ila chuan a hming mal mal pawh hian “3 kan nei ve vek lo thei n^ng. Kan neih ngai loh thil a nih avang chauhin a hming kan nei lo chauh a ni zawk,” (Mizo Ṭawng Kalphung, 220) a tih te hi a dik hle mai.

Hnam dang ṭawng chheh rem

Pu C. Chhuanvawra'n, “Mizo ṭawng hi Mizo culture nung ber, hnam dang laka min ti-Mizotu ber a ni a. Chuvangin kan humhalha kan tihphuisui chhoh zel a ngai,” a lo tih ang hian a chhawm nun kawngah te, a humhalh kawngah te, a hausakna kawngah te mi tin hian mawhphurhna kan nei a ni tih inhre thar ila a duhawm ngawt mai. Amah C. Chhuanvawra vekin Mizo ṭawng hi Kumpinu sawrkar lo len leh Kristian sakhaw lo luh aṭangin a danglam nasa hle niin a sawi a. Kan la sawi ngai loh thu thar Mizo ṭawngah a tel nghal ṭeuh a ni. Tin, Bible ṭawngkamin kawng tam takin kan ṭawng a tipung bawk. Chu mai bakah tawtawr^wt, kawnghrên, kah >n, lawng, sana, d^r, bawngtuthlawh, suahdur, lungr^l, thirtiang, sakawr, sakawrbakcheh etc., hengte hi hnam dang ṭawng aṭanga lak luh a ni chuang lo va, a hmaa kan la hman ngai loh thumal thar kan neihte a ni (Mizo ṭawng chhuina, 181). Vai leh Sap nen kan inchiahpiah deuh avang hi a ni mai thei an ṭawng tam tak hi kan ṭawnga kan seng luh a awm a. Kan hmingah pawh sap hming kan vuah tel ta zel a. Sawrkar leh Sakhuana avanga ṭawng thar lo piang hi sawi sen a ni awm lo ve.

Vai ṭawng leh Sap ṭawng kan lak luh
ṭeuh tawh thu leh chher thar a awm zel thu min hrilhin, “Hei hi a la tawk lo, kan la belhchhah zel a ngai a ni,”(37) a lo tih hram hram chhan hi eng dang a ni lo. Mizo ṭawng hi hun inher danglamin a her danglampui ve zel a, Mizo
ṭawng thumal eng emaw zat hi a thi mek a ni. Chumi a nih avang chuan hnam dang kara kan din khawchhuah ve theih nan kan ṭawng hi humhalh a, tihhmasawn a ṭul em em. Chutianga Mizo ṭawng tihausa tur chuan ṭawng thar chher chhuah thiam a ṭul a, hnam dang ṭawng chheh rem zung zung thiam te, kan ṭawng neih sa hi a thih mai loh nan ṭan lak pawh a ngai a ni.

English Literature lo hausak theihna chhan chu hnam dang ṭawng anmahni ṭawnga an chheh rem thiam vangah kan puhsak lo thei lo vang. Chutiang chiah chuan Mizo ṭawng pawh hi a hausak theih nan hnam dang
ṭawngte chhep rem thiam ila, a theih chin chinah keimahni ṭawng ngeia hnam dang ṭawng pawh dah thiam a pawimawh hle. Vai ṭawng
aṭangin thumal eng emaw zat kan seng lut a - Alu, aṭa, badam,balu, balṭin, bazar (bazaar), chabi, choka (chauka), chaṭani (chatani), chheni, chinai (chuna), chini, adt. Heng kan sawi takte hi a sipel tidanglam hret leh a ngai ngaia kan
ṭawng anga kan hman hial tawh an ni hlawm.

Sap ṭawng aṭangin thumal eng emaw zat kan chher bawk - Godown - Kudam, Calvary - Kalvari, Kettle - Ketli, Satan - Setana, Doctor - Daktawr adt. Heng bakah hian Sap ṭawng a ngai ngaia kan hman a awm ṭeuh bawk, sawi vek senah dah lo mai ila; hengte hian ṭawng thar an pian chhuahtir rualin ṭawng hausakna lamah pawh thui tak kawngro an su ngei awm e.

Hmawrbawkna

J.F. Laldailova'n, “Kan Duhlian ṭawng hi kan hnam phu tawkah chuan ṭawng famkim ber pawl a ni a; khawvel ṭawng mawi ber zinga mi a nih pawh ka ring. Grik ṭawng hi chu kan tluk lo vang a; Hebrai erawh hi chu kan khum hial ka ring a ni,”(qtd in Zoṭawng; Thuhmahruai) a lo ti hial a ni lo'm ni kha! Mahse, ṭhangtharte hian mahni ṭawng ngaih hlutna kan nei mang ta lo. Mizo ṭawng aiin English-in kan thinlungah hmun a chang lian zawk a, kan nunphungah pawimawhna lian tak a neih avangin kan ngai pawimawh em em. “Hnam min phuar khawmtu ber chu ṭawng” an lo ti bawk si a. Eng tin tak nung chho zel ang i maw? Mafaa Hauhnar
ṭawngkam hawhin Zosaps kan pung th<r th<r hian Mizote chim ral hlauhawmah min dintir mai lo’ng maw?

A theih chin chinah mahni ṭawng ngeia thusawi leh ziah ching ila; sorkar te pawh ti sawrkar mai ila a pawi lem chuang dawn em ni. Politics te pawh Pawlitik tiin dah zel mai ila kan bo chuang “4 awm tawp si lo va. Ṭhalai rawngbawlna hmun ṭhenkhata an intihhlimna hming atan khawthlang ṭawngkam Olympic chu Awlimpik tiin an chhep rem a, hrethiam lo fa an awm chuang lo. Heti zawnga ṭan kan lak thiam hi a ṭul hle. Mafaa Hauhnarin, “Ṭawng-
ṭai tlang tih theih reng te hi ‘Prayer Mountain’ kan han ti hr^m hr^m a. Pathian fak leh Biakna hun aia Praise and Worship hun kan hman hian kan hnar ngul te sângin, kan mit meng te hi a paw ta ph>t ph>t tehreng emaw ni,”(Vanglaini, 29th July, 2016) a lo tih khan kan tun dinhmun leh Mizo ṭawng kan dah hniam takzia thlengin min hrilh chiang viau. Mizo ṭawng zir bing turte meuh pawhin Mizo Language Committee kan la invuah ṭalh ṭalh tak kha! Kan rilru chhung ril takah hian Mizo ṭawng hian hmun a chang lian tawk tawh lo. Chumi a nih avang chuan thil han ti dawn ila sap ṭawng, pawl indin dawn ila mahni ṭawng chu a ṭhing tihna rilru a lian deuh tlat. Hetianga kan kal chhoh zel chuan Mizo
ṭawng hi he Zoram, thlifim leh boruak thiang len velna hmun kawr ruamah ngei hian kan la hnawl tawm thuai mai awm mang e.

A theih chin chinah hnam dang ṭawng let­lingin i her rem ang u kan tih rualin, Mizo ṭawnga dah kan tum luatah awmzia hre leh mang si lovin kan awm thei tlat bawk a, fimkhur a ngai hle. Mi thiam leh ṭhahnem ngai tak tak ten hnam dang ṭawng Mizo ṭawnga chhep remin an letling a; nimahsela, nung zo a awm thei mang lo. Hnam dang ṭawng ‘tih-Mizo’ thiam hi a ṭulin a pawimawh em em; mahse, a nihna kan phawk chhuak zo ang em?

Culture tih te hi hnam nunphung/ hnam zia ti-a kan dah dawn lo a nih rau rau chuan “Kalchar” tiin dah ta ila kan fiah zawk ang em? Bul ṭannaah hi chuan kan buai nak nak a rinawm a, hmasawn tur chuan bul ṭan phawt chu a ngai lawi si. Hetiang hian entirna dang han pe leh lawk teh ang: Committee tih ang hi Mizo ṭawnga kan chhep rem duh a nih chuan Kawmiti (Committee) tiin kualkhung chhungah kan thu chheh rem tura kha han dah zel phawt ila, hun lo kal zelah hmasawnna rahbi chu kan hmu thei mai lo’ng maw?

Zirna sikul hniam zawk aṭanga inzirtir chhoh ṭan emaw awmze nei taka kal chhohpui emaw a nih si loh chuan ṭawng chher tharte pawh hi an dam khawchhuak zo thei tak takin a rinawm lo.

- Lalrinngheta Renthlei,

Falkland