National Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance report tawi

National Integrated Biolo-gical and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS) hi India rama damdawi lam zirna in ṭha ber ber nen ṭangruala Female Sex Workers, Men having Sex with Men, Injecting Drug Users nunphung chipchiara zirchiangtu rintlak ber an ni. An zirchian chhan bulpui deuh ber chu HIV thehdarhtu langsar ho nunphung zirchian a chhawmdawl dan ṭha, ṭanpui dan tur ṭha leh dik, HIV/AIDS darh zel tur ven kawnga chak zawka hmalak a ni.

Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (National AIDS Control Organisation)-in December 2015-a an tih chhuah National Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS) 2014 - 2015 High Risk Groups (HRGs)-a a lan dan in India rama HIV/AIDS thehdarh tu langsar pathum te chu Female Sex Workers (FSW - 8.68%), Men Having Sex With Men (MSM - 3.13%) leh Injecting Drugs Users (IDU - 1.77%) te hi an ni a. India ram pumah zawhna in-ang siama sem a, chhantir an ni. Mizo-ram aṭangin IBBS hi mi 354 (FSW bik)-in Mizo Ṭawng in an chhang a, response rate chu 98.1% a ni. Tun ṭum ah hian HIV thehdarhtu ber ni a hriat Female Sex Workers (KS ti a sawi leh hriat lar) in ram pum leh Mizoram bik aṭanga chhanna an pek tlangpui kan thlir ho anga, Men Having Sex With Men (MSM) leh Injecting Drugs Users (IDU) chhan dan chanchin pawh remchang dangah ziah kan tum leh dawn nia.

Ram pum: States/ Union Territories 28 aṭangin FSW mi 27,007 in zawhna in ang tlang hi anmahni ṭawng thiam ber in an chhang ṭheuh a. Hmun thuma ṭhena hmun hnih aia tam mah hi ziak leh chhiar thiam an ni a, hetiang zat vel bawk hi pasal pawmlai nei reng chunga hetiang lama inhnamhnawiha pawisa lalut an ni. Hmun nga a ṭhena hmun khat hi pasal sun/ ṭhen tawh an ni a, pasal nei lo chu tlemte chauh an awm. A chanve vel hian ei hmuh nan tak tak an hmang a, midang hi chu an pawisa lakluh belhchhahtu atana hmang an ni ber. A tam zawk hi kuthnathawka eizawng leh awmpui/mi ina hna thawk an ni.

Kum 18 an niha thiang-hlimna hloh tawh an ni tlangpui a, sum lakluh nana an hman ṭan kum chu kum 22 a ni. Kum 6 chhung vel hetiang kaihhnawih eizawnna ah hian an inhmang deuh ber ṭhin. Inzawrhna atan hian in, vantlang hmun, hotel an hmang nasa hle a. Zaa 55% chu khawpui ah chauh inzuar ṭhin an ni a, za a 30% chu khawpui leh thingtlanga inzuar kawp ṭhin an ni.

Chhangtu zawng zawng aṭanga chhuta 62% chuan kawppui nghet tak (pasal, bialpa, hmangaihtu) nei ni in an insawi. An kawppui nghet ni lo, man chawia anmahni dawrtu pawh ni lem lo mipa dang laka inphal 18% an awm bawk.

Hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat chuan zu leh ruihtheihthil dang laka an fihlim loh thu an sawi a. Hmarchhak states ah zu in an tam fal hle. Mipat hmeichhiatna hman hma leh hman laklawh (karlak) laia zu an in ṭhu an sawi tlangpui. En hran, tih duhdah, hmuhsit leh diriamna hi anmahni inchhungkhur (chhungkua), ṭhenrual hmelhriat ṭha leh
ṭhenawm khawveng te lak aṭangin an tuar nasa ber a, anmahni enkawl ṭhintu damdawi lama hnathawk te pawhin an duhsak lo bik riau nia inhria pawh an awm nual bawk. HIV/AIDS kai theih dan chi hrang hrang leh inven dan tur an hre deuh tlangpui a, an vaiin thisen endik an ngai pawimawh viau hlawm.

Mizoram: Zawhna chhang-tu kum chawhrual hi kum 26 a ni a. Chhangtu zingah hian kum 25-34 inkar an tam ber a (52.9%) kum 15-17 inkar 4.3% an ni. Ziak leh chhiar an thiam vek a. Pasal la nei ngai miah lo 48% an awm rual in pasal pawmlai nei mek 7.6% an awm a, 44.4% chu pasal sun/ṭhen an ni. Chhungte nena cheng ho an tam ber a (74.5%) mahni chauha khawsa 16.1% an awm bawk. Eizawnna mumal nei lo an tam ber a (66.8%) Beauty/Massage Parlour a thawk 6.2% an ni.

Kum 14 niha thianghlimna hloh leh hetiang rual an nih
aṭanga ei hmuhna atana hmang an awm nual a. A tam ber (37.2%) erawh chuan kum 18-21 an nihin ei hmuh nan an hmang ṭan. Hetiang kaihhnawiha zuang lut tawh chu a tlangpui in kum 3 vel an inhmang ṭhin niin an insawi. Kum 10 chuang inhmang 6.5% an awm bawk.

States dangah inzawrh nan in (home) an hman uar ber lai in Mizoramah 19.6% a ni a, hotels/lodge an hmang nasa ber (49.3%). Cell phone an hmang ṭangkai hle a (84.1%,) social media/ internet kaltlangin 22.6% chu anmahni dawrtu turte nen an inbe pawp hmasa bawk. Khawpui leh Thingtlanga inzuar kawp 6.2% an awm laiin khawpui chhung ah chauh inzuar ṭhin 93.8% an awm.

Anmahni dawr reng reng ṭhintu 85.6% nen condom an hmang ṭhin a, a chang changa dawr ṭhintu 89.5% in condom an hmang bawk. NGO/ Drop in Centre aṭangin condom an la nasa ber a (50.2%), dawr aṭanga lei 21.1% an awm a, anmahni dawrtu 15.1% erawh chuan an pai sa a, 1.3% chuan condom lei/lak leh hman an ngaihsak lo thung. Zawhna chhangtu 96.4% chuan Zu an in ṭhin thu an sawi a, mipat hmeichhiatna hman hma leh hman laia zu in ṭhin 90.3% an awm bawk. 15.6% chu ruihhlo a inchiu ṭhin an ni.

An bialpa te lak aṭangin kutthlak an tuar nasa ber a (41.5%) anmahni dawrtu (17%) leh an pasal (16.9%) te pawhin kut an thlak ṭhin thu an sawi. Police kutthlak tuar nia insawi 1.8% an awm a, tu emaw kutthlak an tawrh thu thuneitu/midang hnena sawi chhuak 9.3% an awm.

Zawhna chhangtu aṭanga chhuta 5.9% hi HIV hrik pai an ni a. HIV leh mipat hmeichhiat hman khawloh aṭanga inkai chhawn theih natna (Sexually Transmitted Infections - STI) kai theihna chi hrang hrang leh chumi laka inven dan an hre tlangpui viau a, amaherawh chu 12.5% in inkai chhawn dan leh inven dan hre dik lo palh an awm ve tho mai.

Eng vangin nge chipchiara an ziaha an tihchhuah: Mizoram hi HIV/AIDS hian min run mek a, India ram ah HIV/AIDS hluarna ber pawl state kan ni. Kohhran, Tlawmngai pawl leh mimal ṭhahnemngai te pawhin tihtakzeta do kan duh ṭheuh ni in a lang. Vei tlang in kan awm ti nuam lo hle mahse awmhmun aṭanga vei ringawt a tawk lo tih kan hre ve kur si a, tha thawha chet han lak dan tur hi a vang ru riau a ni. Chuvangin a thehdarhtu langsar deuh ho chanchin hi uluk takin an rilru leh taksa, thisen nen lam an zir chiang a. Anmahni an kawm a, an harsatna tawha ṭanpui an ngaih dan te, zirtirna pek uar an ṭul zia te mi nawlpui in kan hriat theihna turin chipchiar takin an ziak a, an tichhuak ṭhin a ni.

He report tawi te aṭang pawh hian kan Zoram dinhmun chu a ṭha lo takzet a ni tih kan hrethiam thei awm e. IBBS report tihchhuah hi tunlai hun (2016) -a HIV tihluartu nen chuan a danglam hlek hlek tawh maithei.

- Zonunmawia Fanai