AIZAWL - 130

23rd December, 2020

Aizawl khua leh tuia in chhal, Voter’s ID te pawh nei ve, a khat tawka khaw dang daih Centenary lawmna emaw, Golden Jubilee lawmna emaw apiang a “haw runpui” programme-a tel ve lo thei lova inngai hi kan tam hle in ka ring. Hei hi chung mite dem nana sawi ka ni lo, an pian leh murna khua an ngai pawimawh a ni mai a, keini lo sawisel ve ngawtna tur lah ni lo. An tu an fa, Aizawla piang a seilian ziktluakte chu, engtikah emaw Aizawl mihlun a chhiar an la ni dawn tho tho. Tichuan, tun kum 2020 February ni 25 a, Aizawlin kum 130 a pumhlum ṭum khan, Aizawl mi nia inchhiar si, chutiang ni pawimawh a lo thleng tih pawh hre lo, hria pawh ni se ngaih pawimawh chiam tum lem lo, kan awm thei dawn a lo ni.

Mahse he ni pawimawhna hre pha chin, ‘Aizawl Mihlun Thlahte’ (AMT) group te chuan, kha ni kha engemaw ti tala lawm a ṭul tih hriatna chuan an rilru a kap tlat thung si. Tichuan, kha mi ni chawhma lam khan, programme duan lawk angin, Aizawl Centenary Memorial lungphun, Raj Bhavan compound sira mi chu, hnatlangin an chei fai a. Chawhnu lamah Aizawl kum 130na lawm nan, Aijal Club-ah programme an buatsaih bawk. Chu programme-ah chuan Pu Liantlinga Ex-MLA, Aizawl Lal hnuhnung ber Pu Hrawva fapa chuan inkhawm a kaihruai a; hunserh hmangtu chu Rev. Lal Rinmawia, Khatla Aizawl mihlum thlah Pastor tlemte zinga senior ber a ni thung. Dr. L.Ringluaia, Durtlangin thutawi sawina a hmang bawk a. AMT member 30 emaw zet kan pungkhawm thei.

AMT President Pu Dominic Lalhmangaiha remruatna angin, Aizawl khaw ṭo bul ilo vel sawina hun, he article ziaktu hian ka nei ve nghe nghe a. Kan member ṭhenkhat min ngenna angin, midangte chhiar ve theih tur, Aizawl ṭobul chanchin chu, tlai khaw hnuah ka han pholang ve dawn a ni. Aizawl Centenary, kum 1990 a kan lawm tum khan, a buatsaihtuten Aizawla piang a seilian kum 70 tling chin, chawimawina an siam a; ka hriat sual loh chuan mi 20 pawh tling ṭhathum lo, kan thlang chhuak thei chauh ta in ka hria. Aizawl khaw la upat vak lohzia a tilang ni maw.

A hming put chhan: Pu Paliana Hauhnar Lushai Clerk hmasa ber dawttu, Aizawl khua pawh lal anga awptu (1907-1931) chuan kum 1928 khan, heti hian a ziak “Bawrhsap Pisa leh Bawrhsap In (tuna Raj Bhavan) inkara kawn zawl, Aidu leh Aichal hmun, Aizawl hming putu chu (Bawrhsapin) tuikhuah atan a laih tir ta bawk a,” tiin. Chu Bawrhsap a tih chu, A.Porteous (Tauuara) a ni; tuikhuah hi hlam nga bial a ni a, Bawrhsap huana pangpar tuia chawm nan a ti a ni ang. UT hnua tuna Secretariat Annexe sak nan chu tuikhuah chu tihchhiat a ni ta a.

Aizawla awm hmasate: Kum 1804 khan Hriangmual (tuna Mission Veng) hi Thahdo Lal Henrovan a ṭhut a, chumi hnu 1810 khan Sailo lal, Manga thlah Lalsavungan (Lalpuilian fapa) Hlimen aṭangin, a pasalṭha Vanapa teho nen Aizawl a rawn zuan a. Lalsavungan Aizawl a ṭhut lai hi 1810 – 1821 vel a nih rin a ni. Vailen hmaa Aizawl ṭhuttu hnuhnung ber chu Thanruma (Suakpuilala fapa) a ni a. Chutih laia a khaw hmun chu Tuikhuahtlang leh A.R. Lammual inkar ram rai ṭha lai hi niin an sawi.

Kum 10 vel a awm hnuah Tanhril a zuan leh a; a chhan chu Tlawng dunga vai sumdawngho hnen aṭanga chhiah a lak remchan zawk theih nan a ni. Vailen pahnihna 1889 – 90ah khan hmar lam Silchar aṭangin, tlangdung kawng rawn zawhin W.W.Daly, Superintendent of Police chuan Frontier Police 400 rual nen Aizawl a rawn lut a. Hemi tuma Mizoram awp nghet tura Vai lo len chhan pakhat chu Lianphungan kum 1889 a, Satikang tlangram (Chittagong Hill Tract) run a Tuikuk sal tam tak a man vang a, amah rawn hrem tum an ni.

A chhan dang leh chu, Lunglei atanga Haka (Chin Hills) kawng zawng tura a hote nena lokal Lt. Stewart chu, Pawi lal Hausatan lo ambush-in a lu a lak vangin, amah hrem tum an ni. Hei bakah hian Sailo lalten Kumpinu awp ram an run fo thin avangin, anmahni rawn tudai a, Kumpinu ram atan Lushai Hills pum rawn thut ṭulin an hre ta a ni. Daly-a pawh hi Col. Skinner-a pawla mi a ni a. Col. Skinner-a hi Chittagong lam aṭanga lo lut, Vailen pahnihna, chhim lama lo lut hruaitu Sipai lal, Brig. Gen. Tregear-a command hnuaia mi niin, Tlawng hnar lam aṭangin a hote nen luidung rawn zawh thlain Lianphunga hrem tum ni pah fawmin, Daly Sap nen Aizawl bulah an intawk a. An inhmuh hnuah Col. Skinner-a hian Daly-an khaw hmun tur a lo thlan sa, Aizawl chu kulh sak nan February ni 15, 1890 khan a rawn pawmpui ta a. Daly Sap chuan a hote nen ‘Fort Aijal’ chu February ni 25 ah an sa tan ta a ni.

Kulh hung nan hian, chutih laia Aizawl chhehvela Thinpui kung tam tak awm chu an hmang. Heng Thingpui thing hi a tualṭo ni lovin, tun hma daih a Tripura Reng lalin Mizoram hi ama rama a chhiar laia a rawn chin tir a ni, an ti. Hemi ni February ni 25, 1890 aṭang hian Aizawl chu mei mit lovin, khua a lo ni hlen ta a ni. Daly-a hian kulh te zawk chu tuna Bawrhsap Pisa tlangah hian a sa a, sipai hotute leh an vengtu sipai tlem azawng an inkulh a. Kulh lian zawk chu barrack tam tak hualkhungin sak a ni a. Lung in lian (quarter guard) tlang te, Lammual chung tlang (Baja tlang) te hualkhung vekin, sipai 200 zet awm theihna hmunah siam a ni ta a.

Bawrhsap leh Mizo lalte in ep: Col. Skinner-a leh a hote lo thlen hma hian Daly hian a hote nen Lianphunga khua Lungtian va runin Lianphunga chu inremna ang reng a lo siampui a. Col. Skinner-a hian Lungtian a va kal lehin, an va hâl nawn leh a. Kalkhama khua Sentlang leh a dangte pawh an hal bawk a. Chumi hnuah chuan Col. Skinner-a chu March ni 17, 1890 ah Tlawng dung lamah a haw ta a. Sawi dan pakhatah chuan Lianphunga khua an beih tum hian Col. Skinner-a hian hliam a tuar an ti. Lianphunga leh Kalkhama hi Saphovin an man hnuah Tezpur Jail-ah thih thlengin an tang an ti.

Hemi hnu rei vak lovah Capt. Browne, Mizoten ‘Hmaireka’ an tih chu, Aizawl Bawrhsap (Political Officer) hmasa ber atan a lokal a. Ani hian Mizo lalho a kokhawm a, chungho chu Zarkawtah inkulhin Mizo tlangvalho silai nen Aizawl kulh thlengin an inzar a. Capt. Browne hian huaisen takin, lalho chu Zarkawtah a va hmu a, Lianphunga lalna aṭanga ban a nih thute a va puang ngam a ni. Hemi hnu, September ni 9, 1890 ah Capt. Browne hi Changsil lam kawngah Thanruma leh Kalkhama khuate'n lo lambunin an kap a. Changsil kulh thleng thei hramin, Capt. Cole in a lo dawmhlum nghe nghe ta a ni.

Aizawl khua a ṭhan zel dan: Khawpui tam tak indin tṭanna ṭhin angin, Aizawl pawh Sipai awmhmun khuarna (fort or cantonment) aṭanga lo inṭan a ni a. Civil Administration atan Bawrhsap ṭhuthmun a ni nghal bawk a. Sipai ṭhuihruaite leh Sorkar hnathawkte chu Aizawla mi cheng hmasate an ni ta zel a. Heng hun lai hian, lal khua leh tui pangngaite an lût mang lo. Pu Vanlawma sawi dan chuan, mi tlahlang deuh, lal laka tuitla mang lote an lut hmasa ber, a ti. Aizawla Veng hming nei hmasate chu Sap be tura Mizo lal vengtuho an inzar ṭanna kha Zarkawt an ti a. Pathian ni apiangin Chaltlang sang lai berah laipui an kâp ṭhin a, Laipuitlang tih a lo ni ta a. Kum 1905-ah Zosaphluian sorkar thu anga awmhmun a khuarna Hrianghmun chu Mission veng tih a lo ni a. A thlang kawnah Thakthing a awm avangin Thakthing Kâwn tih a ni a, a bul tláng chu Thakthing Tláng a lo ni leh ta a. A piah lawk chhim lamah, Aizawla hnathawk tura an phût luih kuli ṭhenkhat innghahna hmun chu, Kulikawn tih a ni leh a. Kum 1910-ah Bawrhsap

Maj. Cole (Kawlsap) in dawrpui hmun a siam a, Dawrpui Veng a lo piang a.

Sorkar hnathawk hmasaho awmna Rahsi Veng chu Thakthing tlangah an sawn phei avangin, an awmna hmasa chu Rahsi Venghlui a lo ni a, tuna Venghlui ni ta hi. Rahsi pakhat Lalchhinga Veng an tih chu Tlangnuam tih a lo ni leh a. Vailen laia lo chhuak, Hrangkhawl Police Hav. Zema chu a pension hnua a awmna chu Zemabawk an ti a. Vai dawrkai chhiahhlawh Chhinga awmna chu Chhinga Veng tih a ni zui. Tuitu Veng chu tunah chuan Electric Veng tih a lo ni ta a. Hmarkaii Nu Veng pawh Chanmari West a lo ni ta. Vaivakawn te, Luangmual te, Maubawk te hi Vailen hma lam atanga hming nei an ni.

Pu Vanlawma ziak dan chuan, Aizawl awm hmasate hi chuan Mizo awmdan an zui mang lova, mikhual pawh an thleng tha duh lo, a ti. Thlân pawh an lâi hlei thei lova, Sikul zirlaite'n an laihsak fo ṭhin. Damdawi In aṭanga damlo zawn chhuak tur pawhin zirlai an pun fo mai thin. A tirah chuan Sipai ṭhuihruai te, Sorkar hnathawk hnam dang mite leh mi tlahlang awm khawm an nih avangin, Mizo tlawmngaihna leh nunphung pangngai an zawm hlei thei lo a nih hmel khawp mai.

Lal thuneihna pawnah an awm a, zu leh sa an chèn a; khawtlang nun pawh a pawlawh deuh ṭhin a ni ang, Bawrhsap N.E. Perry meuh pawhin thupek chhuahin, “Sorkar hnathawk nupui uire chuan Rs. 100/- a chawi ang,” a ti.

Khawpui Awm Man (Personal Residence Surcharge): Bawrhsap A.G. McCall chuan kum 1932 vel khan khawpui awm man chhiah, Personal Residence Surcharge (PRS) a siam a, hei hi Aizawlah mi cheng an tam loh nan siam a ni a; a pe lo chu hnawhchhuah an ni tur a ni. Aizawl khuaah in leh lo nei, Sorkar hnathawk chhungte huam telin, chhungkaw tina mipa kum 18 leh a chung lamte chuan, kum khatah Rs. 3/- theuh an pe a; chunglai chuan pawisa a vàn em avangin, chhiah rit tak a tling a ni. Thuneitute chuan he chhiah hi an vil ngun thei hle a; thingtlang aṭanga mikhualte pawh, thla khat aia rei an cham chuan, he chhiah hi an ṭhíng ṭhin a ni. Aizawl Veng hrang hrang, khawpui awm man chawite chu: Tlangnuam, Kulikawn, Thakthing & Venghnuai, Mission Veng, Rahsi Venghlui, Maubawk, Vai Hmeichhe Veng (Khatla), Dawrpui Veng, Hmarkaii Nu Veng leh Vaivakawn te an ni. He chhiah PRS hi Mizo District Council 1952 a lo ding ta khan a tibo ta a ni.

Khawpui enkawl hna: India independence hma zawng kha chuan Aizawl enkawl hna hi Bawrhsap kutah a awm a ni ber mai a. A tir aṭanga khawpui awmze nei leh mawi taka lo ruahmantu chu Sipai Commandant hmasa ber leh Bawrhsap nihna lailawk pawh lo chelh fotu thin Manding Putara (Lt.Col. G.H. Loch) leh Lushai Hills pumpui District pakhata siam a nih hnua Bawrhsap hmasa ber Maj. J.Shakespear (Tarmita) te pahnih kha an ni e, ti ila kan sawi sual tam lovang. Sipai hmun zawng zawng leh Sorkar building hmasate hi Loch Sap kutchhuak deuh vek a ni a; khaw chhak lam aṭanga an chawk luh thing, tualṭo ni lo: Far thing chi hrang hrang Deodars, Christmas Trees, Pine trees dangte leh Sasua te, GolMohur te, Eucalyptus te, Tlaizawngte leh flowering trees dang te, tun hma zawnga Aizawl khaw timawitu ṭhinte kha Manding Putara leh Tarmita te bul lo ṭan vanga awm an ni. Manding Putara phei hi chuan tuk tin sakawra chuangin Aizawl kawngpui hi a fang ṭhin a, “Ka Aizawl” a ti kher ṭhin e, an ti.

Aizawl chhuak, kan hla phuah thiam hmingthang, “Thlir ve u, kan vangkhaw dai a mawi” tihtir theitu chu, Loch Sap (Manding Putara) hi a ni ber awm asin! Ani hian Zosaphluia'n ‘Kristian Tlangau’ bu leh literature bu dang chhutna tur printing press a lei theih nan, 1912 vel khan ama pocket aṭangin Sterling Pound 100/- a thawh a ni. Synod khawmpui lianin 1972 vel a, a hriatrengna ‘Loch Printing Press’ hming an nawhreh hnu pawh a, Assam Rifles hote'n, ama chenna Bungalow a sak ngei, hming atan ‘Loch House’ tih nachang an lo hre hlauh hi a va’n lawmawm tehlul em! Amah hriatrengna lungphun, tuna Lammual ‘main entry gate’ chhung Baja Tlang lama an dah tak a Latin tawng, thuziak pakhat chu, “Si monumentum requiris circumspice” tih a ni a; a awmzia chu “Amah hriatrengna i hmuh duh chuan han hawi kual vel mai teh” tihna a ni awm e. He lungphun hi a tirah chuan Aizawl Dak Inpui (GPO) kawt Traffic Point awmnaah sawn phun a ni ṭhin.

Aizawl Master Plan – Vision 2030: Aizawl hi ‘tui let’ hnua ruahman lawkna (town planning) tel hauh lova khaw ṭhang duang ber pawl a ni mai awm asin. Kumpinu hun laia kan Bawrhsapte'n a chhunga cheng (household) awm thei zat tur, an lo bithliah ṭhin chu, District Council kan neih aṭangin, kan hotute khan, tun hma Aizawl khaw chhunga ram ruak leh hmun awl zawng zawng tih theih chu, in hmun leh dawr hmun atan an sem zo titih ta zel a. Chuti chung chuan, Pu C.Pahlira (RIP) te ang hruaitu hmathlir thui, kan neih azarah veng inkalpawhna kawng mumal tak kan nei thei ta zel a. Ani kha lo awm ta lo se la chuan, keimahni leh keimahni kan intlawh ping vek ta ve ang! Ram buai vanga sahimna um a, khawpuia rawn pem lutte khan min tichhangchhe zual ta zel bawk a.

UT hun lai aṭanga tun thleng pawh a thuneitute'n Town Planning ngaih pawimawh nachang an nei mang lo hi, kan ṭhanmawhbawk lian tak a ni reng mai dawn chu a nih hi. Kum 2002 khan LAD (Town Planning Wing) chuan Mizoram Urban & Regional Development Act, 1990 zulzuiin kum 2011 thlenga hman theih tur Master Plan an lo siam a; Greater Aizawl Plan Area an tih chu 129 sq.km-a zau niin, 2011 population nuai 3 dawng zo turin Master Plan siam a ni a. Mahse tu Sorkar mahin barah an khawn loh avangin, chu Master Plan chu hluihlawn thil a ni zo ta a. Aizawl Development Authority (ADA) chuan 2007 khan, IIT Kharagpur chu Aizawl Master Plan siam turin a ruai leh a. He consultant hian socio-economic survey leh survey dang a neih hnuah Draft Master Plan for Aizawl: Vision 2030 chu kum 2010 khan a chhawpchhuak ta a. Chumi hnuah September leh October, 2011 chhung khan, sawi tur nei apiangte tan an duh duh sawi theihna hun a hawng leh a. Mahse mimal pahnih khat leh Sawrkar Department 5 chauhin rawtna an siam. Kan ze pangngai angin, a hun laia ngawi tlat siin, tun thleng hian ‘kan khawpui tawtzia, chuti khatiin kan roreltute'n an ti lo’, tiin kan la chiarhiar peih fu thung si! Dan ang thlapin, Board of Enquiry in, chung rawtna awmchhunte chu, hearing te pawh neiin a ngaihtuah vek hnuah, ADA chuan Consultant-te a sawihopui leh vek phawt a. Chung zawng zawng paltlang hnuah Mizoram Sawrkarin kum 2013 khan ‘Master Plan for Aizawl: Vision 2030’ chu a pawm ta a ni. ADA ṭhiah a nih hnuah AMC hian, he Master Plan hi a rochun ta a, a tihpuitlin hna pawh a kutah liau liau a awm ta a ni.

Chu Master Plan hnuaiah chuan Aizawl Urban Area (AUA) chuan 152.80 sq.km a huam a, hmar lamah Sihphir-Neihbawi, chhim lamah Muallungthu leh Lungleng, khawchhak lamah Zemabawk, khawthlang lamah Sairang a ni. AMC hian 104 sq.km a huam thung a, chu chu AUA chunga 68.03% a ni. AUA population chu 3.20 lakhs (2011 census) niin, 2030 population projection chu 8.20 lakhs (2021 census) a ni a. Leilung ngheh loh vanga chhiatrupna pumpelh nan ram leilung awihtlan (slope) zawng 36 degree chin thleng chauh chenna in atan hman tur a ni a, 36 – 45 degree slope te chu eng emaw thil bik (limited use) atan chauh hman phal niin, 45 degree aia awih (slope) chu mihring tana hman phal a ni lo. Chutih laiin, 90 degree vela awihtlanah pawh pa huaisen tam tak chuan kan sa zel tho chu a nih hmel! AUA huam chin 15,280 Ha. (152.80 sq.km) chhunga 7311 Ha. (48%) chu khawpui zauh nana hman zui (different urban uses) tur a ni ang a; a la bang 7970 Ha (57%) chu agriculture, forest, water bodies leh ram chhengchhiate an ni. Hetiang hian ram leilung hmanzâi dan ‘land use’ hi Master Plan innghahna bul a ni a. Master Plan hnuaiah hian ‘local level planning’ chi hrang hrang siam leh tur a ni a, a kalphung tur kaihhruaina pawh chiang taka tarlan vek a niin, ‘resources’ sum thawhchhuah dan thleng pawh chiang taka tarlan vek a ni. Master Plan-in a phut ang hian AMC Building Rules pawh siam a ni tawh a.

Amaherawhchu, Sawrkarin a pawm aṭanga chhiar a, kum sarih chhung hian ‘Aizawl Master Plan: Vision 2030’ tipuitling turin tih tak taka bulṭanna hmuh tur a awm lem lo. AMC hian project eng eng emaw, a ngaihpawimawh Master Plan hnuaia awm ni hran lo hi a buaipui ni berin a lang a. Master Plan in, 36 degree aia nasa awihtlana in sak phal loh tih angte chu a zawm ve nual chu ni awm tak a ni. Master Plan kaihhruaina tinzawn chunga development works neih erawh a tum hriat a ni lo. A pawi khawp mai! ADA-in cheng vaibelchhe khat emaw dawn, a sensona hi kan uṭawk túr vawn rei ta hle. Kum 2030 thlenga hman theih tura duan ni si hi, kan Sawrkar hian a duhtawk ta lo emaw ni tih turin, Aizawl tana GIS based Master Plan dang siam turin, Gurgaon lama Consultant a ruai leh mek tih thawmte a awm leh ta! Pu Manzuala thukhawchang hawh a, Pete Seegar-a hla thu hmangin “When will they ever learn, When will they ever learn?” kan ti ve mai dawn em ni?

Thu lakna:

1. Aizawl Centenary, 1990 Souvenir

2. Aizawl Master Plan: Vision 2030

3. D.K. Palit, Maj. General : Sentinels of the North-East

4. J. Shakespear, Lt. Colonel : The Making of Aijal, 1939

5. R. Thanhlira : Aw! Zawlkhawpui, 1983