Lengpui Airport chungchang zir zauna

Air transport hi ram hmasawnna thlentu pawimawh berte zinga mi a ni. India ram hi khawvelah aviation market lian ber pathumna a ni a, aviation market ṭhang chak ber ram a ni bawk, kum tin zaa 15-in a ṭhang. Kum 2023-24 chhungin India ram chhungah thlawhna hmanga zin vei vak mi vaibelchhe 37.6 lai an tling.

Kum 2022-23 khan air transport-in Mizoram chhunga sum leh pai a thawh chhuah (GSVA) chu cheng vbc 10.62 a ni. Mi tam tak tan eizawnna leh hna a siamsak bakah zin veivah a awlsam tak avangin Mizoram leh state dang inkarah sumdawnna chi hrang tam tak a piang mek. Lengpui Airport hi Civil Aviation department-in a enkawl a, sanctioned post 15-ah thawktu nghet 7 an awm.

Kum 2025-26 budget-ah hian Civil Aviation aṭangin chegn vbc 18 hmuh beisei a ni a, hlawh leh ṭul danga hman tur vbc 7.50 dah a ni bawk. Kum 2024-25 revised budget-ah hian hna thawhna tur Capital head hnuaiah vbc 80.12 dah a ni. Kum 2012-13 leh 2022-23 inkar hian kum tin cheng vbc 16 tling lo deuh hloh ang a ni. Airport hi mi tin mamawh public goods chi khat a ni a; pawisaa chantir theih loh hamṭhatna (external benefit) tam tak a thlen avangin sumdawng hlawkna tehfung hmanga teh vek chi a ni lo.

CIVIL ENCLAVE DINHMUN

Civil leh military te hian khawvel hmun hrang hrangah airport an inhman ṭâwm ṭhin; hetiang hi joint use airport tih a ni. India ramah military airport, civil airline-te’n an hman ṭawm hi ‘Civil Enclave’ tih a ni a, Airport Authority of India (AAI) hnuaiah civil enclave 28 lai a awm.

Parliamentary Standing Committee (Transport, Tourism and Culture) chuan airport chungchang zirchianna a nei a; July 24, 2023 khan Parliament-ah report a thehlut a. Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) chuan civil enclave enkawlna chungchang thu pawimawh tak tak Standing Committee hnenah a thehlut a, hlawm thumah ṭhen theih a ni.

(i) Civil enclave ṭhatnate: Thlawhna ṭumkawng (runway) leh thlawhna inpui (terminal building) inṭâwm hi a remchang hle. Civilian airport thar din ngai lovin sum tam tak a hum theih a ni. Military airport-te hian venhimna hmanrua ṭha tak tak an nei a, hei hi civil enclave tan pawh a ṭangkai hle. Hmanrua inhman ṭawm hian airport ram a la hek lo va, hmunhma mamawhna a tlem phah. Emergency thilah National Security Guard (NSG) tan chet vel a awlsam. Civil leh defence agency-te’n awlsam zawkin hna an thawk ho thei bawk. Civil enclave-te hian ‘drone’ hmanga beih thut an tawh pawhin invenna ṭha tak an nei a; hetiang hi civil airport ten an nei ve lo.

(ii) Civil enclave ṭhat lohnate: Defence airport-te hi fighter jet ṭumkawng tura ruahman a ni. Thlawhna ṭumkawng (runway) te a tawi tlangpui a, civilian thlawhna lian zawk ṭum nan siamthat (upgrade) an ngai ṭhin. Runway-te hi military exercise tih nan an hman fo avangin civil thlawhna ṭum hun (civil slot) rei lo va, hun rei lo te chhungin commercial flight a tam thei ang ber ṭumtir (flights bunching) tih a ngai ṭhin. Hei hian thlawhna ṭumhmun a titâwt a, a hun taka ṭum theih loh a awm ṭhin. Mock exercise hian civilian thawhtheihna ṭum hun bithliah a tibuai fo ṭhin a ni.

Civil enclave-ah civil thlawhtheihna ṭum theih hun chhung khuahkhirh a ni a, nileng zankhua atan flight schedule a siam theih loh. Airport venhim hna hi pawl hnihin an kalpui a; Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)-te’n terminal building chinah mawh an phur a; airport hmun dang zawng chu defence agency-te chan a ni thung.

(iii) Harsatna (challenge) awmte: Defence airport siam ṭhat, tihzauh leh tihlen dawnin AAI-in working permission an mamawh ṭhin; hemi chungchangah hian harsatna an tawk fo. Defence hotute hian working permission hi AAI thil hawh man (lease payment) aiah pek tum chang an nei ṭhin. Hei hi AAI lam hian tihtawp (delink) an duh. Defence ministry lam hian a tlachawp (case-to-case)-in a ngaihtuah ṭhin.

AAI hian civil enclave-te siamṭhat/tihlen an duhin AAI ram leh IAF ram an inthleng sak ṭhin. Hemi atan AAI hian ‘Land Barter Matrix’ mumal takin a ruahman nghe nghe a; ram hlut zawng inang chiaha insem tur a ni.

Civil enclave hmuna civil flight-te ṭum theih hun chhung hi a rei lo hle. Civil flight-te’n ngaih pawimawh an hlawh lo bawk; second priority-a dah an ni ṭhin. Civil airline-te mamawh hi ministry pahnihte hian a tlachawpin an ngaihtuahsak ṭhin.

Ministry of Defence aṭanga airport siamna tur no objection certificate (NOC) lak hi hna a tling; NOC pek tawh hnuh kir chang an nei fo bawk. Ministry of Defence hian AAI hi property tax sang tak an chawitir a; hei vang hian passenger-te chawi tur tihsan a ngai ṭhin.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) hi sawrkar thil, kawngpui, airport etc te private company-te hunbi tiamchin atan a enkawl hawhtir ṭhin. Private company hnena hralh a ni lo. PPP hi chi hrang hrang a awm a; airport enkawl nan Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT) hi hman ber a ni.

PPP leh privatization leh disinvestment-te hi ngaih pawlh loh tur a ni bawk. Privatization leh disinvestment-ah chuan sawrkar chanvo share an hralh ṭhin a; PPP-ah chuan kumbi thliah awmin private hnenah an enkawl hawhtir ṭhin. Private company mawhphurhna chin hi operation, management and development (OMD) tih a ni. Private company-te hi neitu nihna pek an ni lo va, hman hawh phalna ‘right’ chauh an nei.

National Monetization Pipeline (NMP) hnuaiah thlawhna ṭum hmun 25 lai hi kum 2022-2025 chhungin PPP hnuaiah dah tum a ni. NMP hnuaia airport dah tur hian kum khata passenger nuai 4 tal hmangtu an awm a ngai. NMP hi Infrastructure sector hrang hrangah hman mek a ni.

AAI HI SAWRKAR COMPANY ‘ṬHA MI’ A NI

Airport Authority of India (AAI) hi sawrkar laipui company ṭha bik ‘Miniratna-category-1 Public Sector Enterprise’ zinga mi a ni. Kum 2023-24 chhung khan hlawkna (profit before tax) cheng vbc 6,214 a hmu.

AAI sum hmuh dan:

(i) Airport Navigational Service (ANS)–Rs 3,447.75 Cr

(ii) Airport Services (parking, user development fees etc)–Rs 4,265.60 Cr

(iii) Non-Aeronautical Airport Services–Rs 1,640.37 Cr

(iv) Airport Lease Revenue–Rs 4,985.97 Cr

(v) Other revenue–Rs 1,017.07

Airport sum hmuh dan tur hi Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India (AERA) ruahmanna anga lak ṭhin a ni a. Kum 2023-24 chhung hian airport 22-in hlawkna an nei.

SAWRKAR LAIPUI HMALAKNA

Airport enkawl leh tihhmasawnna hi sawrkar laipui thuneihna (central list) a ni. Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) hi airport enkawltu leh civil aviation policy siamtu a ni. MoCA hnuaiah airport enkawltu hrang hrang statutory body pawimawh tak tak an awm hlawm. National Civil Aviation Policy (NCAP) 2016 hnuaiah aviation sector hmasawn nan chak takin hmalak mek a ni.

Tunah hian flagship programme Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS/UDAN) hnuaiah kalpui mek a ni a, viability gap grant hmangin route hlawk loh deuhva subsidy pek a ni. He scheme hnuaiah hian Mizoramah helicopter service thlawhtir mek a ni. Hei bakah Airport Infrastructure Policy 2011 leh Greenfield Airports Guidelines (2008) ruahmanin, India ram hmun hrang hrangah airport changtlung zawk din turin ruahmanna siam a ni.

TLANGKAWMNA

Ministry of Civil Aviation hian civil enclave enkawl nan ‘challenge’ tam tak a hmachhawn a; Civil Aviation Ministry leh Defence Ministry inkarah indawr tawnna tur a awm nual reng niin a lang. Lengpui Airport hi Defence Ministry kuta hlan a nih chuan tuna ministry pahnihte inkara harsatna (challenge) awm ang hi state sawrkar leh Defence ministry inkarah a awm ve dawn a, state sawrkar hi a chan chhe zawkah a awm fo thei. Sawrkar laipui chuan airport-te hmasawnna tur ruahmanna lian tak a kalpui mek a; Lengpui Airport hmasawn zel nan Ministry of Civil Aviation hnuaia tluk luh a him ber ang. AAI hnuaiah airport za rual a awm theih chuan Lengpui Airport pawh hi a leng ve ngei ang tih i beisei ang u.

- Prof. Vanlalchhawna