Mizorama ruhro laih chhuahte

March 17, 2025-a Assembly session-ah Pu C. Lalsawivunga, Minister, Art & Culture, etc. chuan Mizoram thlân hlui aṭanga ruhro laih chhuahte chu enfiah turin Florida, USA-ah thawn a nih thu a sawi a. Tunlaiin kan ram hmun ṭhenkhatah kan pi leh pute sûlhnu nia rin ngam chiah loh, sûlhnu ropui leh mak tak tak hmuh tur a tam mai a. Khawchhak lamah Vangchhia leh Lungphunlianah te, Farkawn daiahte pawh sûlhnu ropui tak tak hmuh tur a awm. INTACH Mizoram Chapter pawhin humhalhin, tute sûlhnu nge tih hriat tumin kum 2015 khan Archaelogical Survey of India (ASI) an chah chhuak a, anni’n uluk takin an zir chian chuan lungphun (menhirs) chi hrang hrang 180 vel a awm a, sang deuh leh hniam deuh, metre 1.5 -a hlai, cm. 30 -a chhahte an ni. Ft. 15 laia sang pawh a awm bawk niin an sawi. Dr. Surjeet Nain, ASI Superintendent chuan hetianga hmun khata lungphun tam (micro-polysite) hi khawvel hmun dangah pawh a tam vak a ring lo a ni.

Mizo pi leh pute kha Chhinlung aṭanga an chhuah hnuah Kabaw phaikuamah AD 800-1200 vel thleng khan Pagan Dynasty-a cheng Kawl-ho nen inngeih takin an chengza niin a lang. Chutianga lungrual taka an awm lai chuan Thailand ram chhim lama cheng Tai (Ahom) an tih, hnam fing leh chak takte chu Shaan phaizawlah an rawn chhuk thut a, Shaan phaizawla awmte kha an rawn ṭhâwng darh ta a ni. Chung Ahom-ho chu tuna Assam ramah hian an lut a, tun thlenga Assam ram luahtu, a hnam lian ber Assamese lo ni tate khu an ni.

Sir Edward Gait, ICS, ‘History of Assam’ ziaktuin Ahom ho chanchin a sawi dan chuan, kum 1200 AD vel khan Tai (Thailand) Mong Mao lalpa a thi a, a fapa naupang zawk Sukhaphaa, (sakei a lo kal mek, tihna a ni awm e) chu a lalṭhutthleng luahtu atan a ruat a, mahse, a unaute’n an îtsîk avangin tihhlum an tum a. A nu leh a pi (a pa nu)-te pawhin a û Samlungphaa chu a pa aiawh turin an duh zawk a. Sukhaphaa chu a pi (a pa nu)-in ‘Mual khatah sakei pahnih awm tur a ni lo; chutiangin lalṭhutthleng hi mi pahnihin luah dun theih a ni lo, mual dangah kal rawh,’ a tih vangin Mong Mao khawpui Chieng sen chu kum 1215 khan amah ṭantute leh an nupui fanaute nen Thailand ram aṭanga tlanchhiain Shaan lamah an tawlh thla ta a ni.

Shan phaizawl aṭang chuan thlang lam nawr turin Sukhaphaa chu kum 1228 khan mipa 9,000 hruaiin sai pahnih leh sakawr zathum nen an chhuak a, an nupui fanaute chu Shans-ah an hnutchhiah a. Kum 13 chhung zet Patkai (Naga) tlang ramah an vakvai a, Patkai an hneh hnuin 1228 AD khan Khamjang khuaah lutin, tuna Assam phaitualah an lut a. An kalna kawng a thui em avangin Shan-a haw leh lovin a ram mi nulate chu manin nupuiah an nei a, an nupui fanau Shaan phaizawla an kalsante chu an sazu meidawhsan ta a ni. Assam rama an inbenbel hnu chuan Ahom lalram (dynasty) an din a; indo an thiam bawk a, a hma lama lalram ropui tak lo awm, Kamrup-a te chu hnehin lalram ropui tak an din a; vawiin thlengin Assam ram ti-Assam-tu an la ni reng. He lam chu duhtawk ila.

‘History of Shans’ tih ziaktu Ney Elias ve thung chuan (Sukaphaa chanchin tawite ziakin) Samlungpha, Mungmau lal, kum 1220 AD-a a pa lalṭhutthleng luahtu chu kum 1254-ah Mongol lakah a tlawm a, a ram chu Yunnan (China) ram bial chhungah rin luh a ni. Sukhapaa’n Ahom dynasty a din hnuah Samlungphaa leh a hote chu Thailand aṭangin a lo chhuk ve leh a, Mongol hlauvin a rawn tlanchhia a ni mai thei. A hote chu ṭhenkhat Manipur lam aṭangin an lut a, chung mite chuan Upper Assam chuan chunga cheng, Chutiyas (Tibeto-Burman-ho) te, Kachari lalram (dynasty) leh Manipur hnehin, (tuna Mizoram chhung hi an paltlang a), Arakan thlengin a awp vek niin a sawi. Ṭhenkhat erawh chu Mizoram chhung Farkawn khaw zawn velah an lo lut a nih a rinawm. Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah hian an sûlhnu hmuh tur a awm.

Heng chanchin han chhiar hian, Samlungpha, Mungmau (Mong Mao) lal zawk kha Kawl phaia Mizo awmte rawn ûm darhtu, Than tlanga velah an kum 150 chhung zet hmelma hlauva an inkhuar phah takna kha a ni mai thei.

An sûlhnu kan hmuh theihte

Chung mite chu Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah an inzar pharh nasa hle niin a lang. An sulhnute chu an lungphun (menhirs) leh lung lianpui puia an thil lem ker (micro-polysite) chi hrang hrang aṭangin a hriat theih a. Farkawn daia ‘Lungkeiphawṭial’ te, Lamsial Pûka mihring ruhro – lu ruh leh ngal ruh sei tak tak awm te, Ngentiang khaw mawng ‘Milu’ khâm lung pûka mihring ruhro awm te, Maite leh Hmunṭha khaw inkara lungphunte leh lungpheka milem inziak te, Vangchhia leh Lungphunlian vela thlan leh lung lianpui pui (menhirs) inphun khup te, Lêng leh Sailulak khaw bul vela lunga thil lem inker, ‘Chhura Farêp’, ‘Chhura Sekawi’ (monolithics) leh, ‘Chhura Talhtum’ kan tih te, East Lungdar khawdaia ‘Lungvando’ kan tihte pawh khi Thailand-ho sûlhnu an nih a rinawm. An sûlhnu en hian sakhuana lamah pawh Buddhist an ni tih a hriat theih.

A hma lama kan sawi, Vangchhia khuaa Kawtchhuah ropuia lungphun, tute sûlhnu nge tih kan hriat theih loh, khaw hmun hlui ropuite pawh hi tuna kan ram chhunga Samlungphaa, Mungmau lal khua leh tuite an awm laia an sûlhnu niin a lang a; khaw pawimawh tak a ni phak hial mai thei. Farkawn khaw daia Lungkeiphawtial pawh hi ngun taka han en vang vangin, a milem inker dan te, rawng (colour) danglam bik, a eng (yellow) awm leh rîn bial (compass ni awm tak) awmte aṭangin, kuthlei thil tih mai mai ni lovin, sakhaw biakna hmun pawimawh tak a niin a lang.

Mizoram buai hma khan Aizawl leh Lunglei inkar kawngpuia Rawpui khuaah pawh motor kawng bulah lung phêk hlaipui ft. 7 vela sang leh a hniam deuh ft. 2 vela sang pathum a awm a. Tun hma lam chuan Rawpui khaw lal, Khawsaia leh a fate thlan niin an sawi ṭhin. Mahse, an milem ker kha tun hnua Vangchhia khaw bula ASI-ho lungphun laih chhuaha milem inker nen an inang hle mai a; Khawsaia leh a fate chanchin han chhui pawhin an thlan chu ni theiin a lang lo. Lungphun lian ber chu Mizoram buai khan MNF army, Ngurliana’n Pioneer motor an mansak hmangin a su bung a, a uiawm hle a, lungphun tê deuhte kha chu an la awm mai thei. Rawpui khaw daiah hian ‘Mualzavata Tahreuh’ an tih mai, lung lian, chang angreng tak, chem tahna hnûhma ni awm taka khuar, mâm deuh a awm a, chu chu Pioneer hovin kawng siam nan an la tawh. Hnahthial khaw chhak, Cherhlunah pawh ‘Chhura vawk’ an tih, vawk pahnih mu lai ni awm tak, lung chher mûm a awm bawk.

Khawthlang lamah pawh an sûlhnu ni awm tak tak hmuh tur a awm a; Kolalian leh Hriphaw khaw bulah lung pangah milim, Buddha lem ni awm tak ker a awm a, chumi bulah chuan lung lian mûm pelpul, a dum lam deuh a awm bawk. Kum 1990 chho velah khan Rengdil khaw bulah leirawhchan hmanga in sak ni awm tak an lai chhuak a, chutah chuan chaw ei thleng, dára siam ni awm tak a awm. Rêngdil daiah vek hian ‘Rêng pûk’ lian vak lo a awm bawk niin an sawi. Nikum 2024 pawh khan Serchhipa futsal khelhna hmun tur an laihnaah hmânlai sûlhnu an lai chhuak niin an sawi a. Aug. 14, 2020 khan Tuidam leh Kawrtethawveng inkar kawng an laihnaah ruhro tam tak an lai chhuak a, naupang ruhro ni awm tak chu pahnih a awm a, a dang chu puitling ruh ro niin an hria a; an ngal ruh chu Mizo ngal ruh aiin a sei zawk niin a lai chhuaktute chuan an sawi bawk.

Ruhro leh lung ker (monolithics) bakah, Kawrtethawveng khawthlang chhim lam deuhvah dîl zau tak a awm a, a kam velah chuan thlado kung ni awm tak an phun chhuak vek a ni, an ti. Heng zawng zawng hi Deb Burman (tunah hian Dev Varma an inti a) sûlhnu ni theiin a lang lo. Agartala-a Rêng lal in thleng khuan hnam changkang tawh tak sûlhnu a ni tih a hriat theih a. Khu khu Assam ram luahtute sûlhnu a nih loh avangin Samlungpha ho sûlhnu ngei niin a lang a; khawpui ropui tak an lo din tawh a ni.

Mizo thlangtla hmasate sûlhnu, thawnthu aṭangin

Hetianga hnam chak zawkin an rawn nawr tak thut avanga an darh tak huk hnu hian hnam eng emaw zat chuan Ṭiau lui kânin thlang an tla a; ṭhenkhat chu hmar lamah, ṭhenkhat Tripura, Cachar leh North Cachar Hills lamah, ṭhenkhat Chittagong Hill Tracts lamah an lut a ni. Heng mite hi hnam dang zingah an awm tih an thawnthu–Rairahtea te, Chhawnabawraza te, Zawlpala leh Tualvungi te, Rimenhawii te, Mauruangi te, Zawngrêngtea leh, Khena leh Rama te thawnthu aṭangte hian a hriat theih. Rairahtea thawnthu aṭang hian Mizote chu hnam dangin hnathawktu atan an hmang nasa hle tih a hriat theih bawk. Eng ang dinhmunah nge an awm, sal angin nge an awm a, khua leh tui pangngai angin tih erawh chu hre thei lo mah ila, an chhehvela mite ai chuan an hnufual zawk tih a hriat theih bawk.

Heng thawnthute hi ngun taka han zir chian chuan kâwr (vaiho)-te nen an awmho va, vai lalte pawhin Mizo nula nupuiah an nei tih kan hmu thei a. Mauruangi thawnthu te, Zawlpala leh Tualvungi thawnthu leh Rairahtea thawnthuahte hian sakhaw dangin thih hnua pian nawn lehna (reincarnation) an zirtir ṭhin kan hmu a. Rairahtea fapa Chhawnabawraja lo ni ta pawh kha, an lal zinga tu emaw chu Rairahtea fapa ni ngeia an hriat dan kan hmu thei bawk. Zawngrengtea, Khena leh Rama thawnthu aṭangte hian vai pathian Rama leh Mahabharata te thawnthu kan hmu bawk. Heng aṭangte hian hnam dang nena an inchen pawlh dan leh hnam dang mi thiltitheite’n an tihbuai fo dan ka hre thei a ni.

Thlang tla hmasa ṭhenkhat, Darlong leh Biate-ho phei chuan maimaw puan (silk) hmanga silhfen siam dan an thiam nghe nghe a. CA Soppit, ‘A Short Account of Kuki-Lushai Tribes’ tih lehkhabu ziaktu chuan, “Chin Kuki Mizo group zinga mi Biate te, Hrangkhawl te leh Sakechep (Khelma) hnamte hian engtik lai aṭangin nge maimaw puan hman nachang an lo hriat tih hi hriat phak a ni lo,” a ti. Chu chuan hnam mâwl an ni lo va, hnam changkang tak an ni tih a tarlang.

Heng a tlangpuia ka han sawi aṭang hian Mizorama ruhro leh thil hlui an hmuh chhuahte hi Mizo pipute sûlhnu ni lovin, Tai-ho sûlhnu an ni a, hnam fing leh changkang tak an lo cheng tawh a ni. Kan thlahtu Mizote pawh kha râl hlauva hun rei tak khawvel êng hmu ngam lova an awm avangin an hnufual a, mahse, Than tlanga an awm laia an saruak khuhna atana siapsuap siam nachang an hria khan an mâwl lohzia leh an lo changkanzia a tilang a. An la dehna hmanrua leh puantahna hmanrua aṭang pawh hian an thiamthil (technology) san tawhzia a tilang chiang hle bawk.

Thu laknate:

1. Sir Edward Gait, History of Assam. 2nd Edn. (Revised) Thacker Spink & Co. 1926

2. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

3. S.K. Bhuyan, Anglo-Assamese Relation 1771-1826. Second Edition Lawyer’s Book House, Guwahati. 1974.

4. Lalhrima Sailo, Chawngtinleri Vangkhuaah Kum Nga. Author. Aizawl 2nd. Edn. 2011

5. C.A.Soppit, A Short Account of Kuki-Lushai Tribes (1885)

6. Vanneihthanga Vanchhawng, Tuidam khaw daia mihring ruhro chungchang LPS Special Report at Tuidam YMA Hall on 17.8.2020

- Prof. K.C. Vannghaka