TUIHNA HUMHALH NANA RAMNGAW PAWIMAWHNA

Kan chenna khawvel hmun 100-a ṭhena hmun 71 zeta zau hi tuiin a khuh hlup mai a, a bak hmun 29 vela zau hi chenna tur khawmual zuahsak kan ni. Chutiang a nih mek lai chuan sik leh sa lum zel (global warming) avangin tuifinriat chîm chin a lo sang ve zel a, kan khawmual neih chhun eng emaw zat chu a chim pil ve mek bawk. Khawvelin chutiang taka tui tam a neih mek lai chuan tui thianghlim erawh khamkhawp a nei ta lo! A chhan chu khawvela tui awm zawng zawng za zela 97 hi tui al (saline water) a ni a, za zela 3 chauh hi tui hman tlak (freshwater) a ni. Chung tui hman tlak kan tihte chu awlsam taka hman mai theihin a awm vek lo va, a ṭhen chu tlang sang taka vûr khâwn (glacier) a ni a, a ṭhen chu boruakah tuihû angin an awm a, a ṭhen chu chhim tawp leh hmar tawpa vûr khâwn (olar ice cap) a ni a, a ṭhen chu lei hnuai thûk takah an biru mek bawk. Kan ban phaka awm tui hman tlak chu za zela 0.50 vel chauh a ni a, chu chu khawvel mihring tluklehdinawn riat te hman atana tun dinhmuna Khuanu’n min ruatsak chu a lo ni ta a ni.

Mihring pung zel avangin tui mamawhna pawh a lo sang ve zel a, chutiang bawkin buh leh bâl thar nana tui leh ram mamawh pawh a lo sang ve tial tial bawk a. Khawvel thiamthil (science and technology) sang chho avangin thil siamna hmun (industry & factory) lian tak tak a lo din belh ve zel a; chung thil siamna aṭanga lo chhuak boruak ṭha lo, thli leh êkchhia te leh an thil siam chhuah hman hnute chuan kan boruak, leilung leh tui thlengin a tibawlhhlawh nasa ve tial tial bawk. Tichuan, khawvel ram hrang hrangte’n tui thianghlim kan mamawh ang kan dawng pha ta lo va, tui thianghlim tlakchham avangin kum tin mi nuai 10 chuang an thih phah ta ṭhin a ni.

Tui thianghlim hman tur tlem tial tial hian ram hrang hrangte khawsak rel kawngah harsatna leh buaina a thlen mek a, hmun kilkhawr leh chengker zawka khawsa kei ni Zo fate pawh hi min hmaih bik hauh lo. Kum tinin ṭhál a na tial tial a, kan tuikhur leh lui tuite a kiam tial tial a, a ṭhente phei chu an kang chat ta hial mai. A kang ve ngai loh vanga a hminga ‘Kanglo tuikhur’ an tihte pawh tunah chuan a kang chat a ni deuh tawh mai e. Ṭhangkhat lian chhung leka kan tuihna danglam chakzia hi a hre chiangtute vek kan ni. Mizorama kan tui dinhmun (water resource) hi zirchianna mumal tak awm lo mah se, kum tinin tuihna a kiam tial tial tih erawh kan chiang tawk viau hlawm awm e. Mithiamte chhût danin, kum 2025-ah chuan khawvel mihring hmun 3-a ṭhena hmun 2-te chuan tui harsatna nasa tak (water stress condition) an hmachhawn tura ngaih a ni a, chutiang dinhmun chu Zoram khawvel pawh hian a hmachhawn ṭan mek niin a lang.

Tuihna kiam tial tial leh a tlântu mihring pun zel vanga tui thianghlim indaih lo kan ni satliah lo va, kan tui tlan tur neih chhun kan tihbawlhhlawh nasat luat vanga indaih lo kan nih châng pawh hi vawi duailo kan tawng tawh a ni. Kan tuipu (PHED)-te thlitfim theih loh khawpa kan leivung paihin tui a tihnut châng pawh a awm zing ta hle mai. Kawr remchang lai apianga kan thli luantir leh bawlhhlawh paihte hian kan tui tlan a tibawlhhlawh nasa ṭhin hle. Kan inenfiah a hun tak zet a ni. Tui tibawlhhlawh lo tura mahni theihna zawn ṭheuhah ṭan kan lak thar a ngai tak meuh.

Kan tuihna lo kiam zel leh a ṭhen kang chat ta maite hi chhan hrang hrang a awm thei ang; chung zinga a chhan pakhat kan pawm tlan vek ni bawk chu, ramngaw chereu zel hi a ni kan ti thei ang. Kan tuikhur leh lui te hi lei hnuai tui (underground water) lo luang chhuak a ni a, tuihna ṭhat leh ṭhat loh pawh lei hnuai tui tam lamah a innghat tlat a ni. Leihnuai tui bêl (lei kar awl–voids)-a tui a tam poh leh chu tui bêlin a châwm tuikhur leh lui te chuan tui an hmu ṭha mai a ni. Lei hnuai tui bêl châwmtu chu ruahtui a ni ve thung. Fûr ruahtui a tlak ṭhat viau a, lei hnuaia ruahtui a luh tam viau chuan a kum leh ṭhâlah kan tuikhur leh lui ten tuihna an nei ṭha ṭhin.

Ramngawte hi lei hnuai tui bêlte a ruah mai loh nana ruahtui chhûn luh kawnga ṭanpuitu ṭha tak a ni. Ramngawa thing zung leh ramhmulte hian leilung an tithâwp a, chu chuan ruahtui luang ral mai tur chu lei chhungril lamah a luan luhtir theih phah ta ṭhin a. Ramngaw ṭha tak hnuaia thing hnah leh a zar tla hmasate chu a lo ṭawih a, lei dûr an siam a; thing zar tla ṭhenkhatte chu tui pai tam thei tawk lekin an lo mawih ve mek bawk. Chung chu thing hnah leh thing zar tla hnuhnungte’n an delh bakah hrui zâmte’n an lo zâm khum chiat mai bawk a. Ruah a lo sur a, thing kungin a la chawi mek hnahte chuan an lo dawng hmasa a, hnah aṭang chuan lei lamah zawi muangin an far thla ta ṭhin a. Tichuan, leia hnahthelte chuan leiin a hîp luh theih tawk lekin an fartir ve ta keuh keuh ṭhin a ni. Thing hnah leh thing zar lei depa awm ṭawih mekte’n ruahtui an lo hîp ve bawk avangin ramngaw hnuai an vawng dai a, lei chhung tui, tuihûa kal ral tur nasa takin a veng ve ta a. Tichuan, chu ramngaw hnuaia lei chhung tui awmin a châwm tuikhur leh luikawr te chuan tuihna an neih ṭhat phah ta ṭhin a ni. Chuvangin, kan ramngawte hi kan tuihna siamtu (water factory) pawimawh tak a ni kan ti thei ang.

Ramngaw hi tui tithianghlimtu ṭha tak a ni kan ti thei bawk ang. Zo fate hi tlang rama cheng kan ni a, a tlang chhip lam hi kan khawsakna leh eizawnna hmun a ni deuh zel bawk. Kan tuikhur hnar leh lui hnarah kan khawsa tlangpui a tih theih awm e. Chuvangin, kan thli, bawlhhlawh chi hrang hrang leh damdawi (chemicals ) kan paihte chenin kan tuikhur leh luikawr lam an pan thla ta ṭhin a. Ramngawa thing leh mau te hian kan hriselna khawih pawi thei tuirîl lam kan paih tam takte chu luikawr an thlen hmain an lo hîp ral ve ṭhin a, kan tui tlan laite an lo vawng thianghlim ṭhin a ni. Leilung luang ral tur leh luia hnâwl luang lut tur a lo dang ṭhin bawk. Ramngaw ṭha takin a châwm luite chu ruah bawhawk a sûr châng pawhin lui lian thut ṭhin leh nu but but nghal ṭhin ang kha a ni ve lo va, ei-in atana tihthianghlim a lo ṭul a nih pawhin a sawngbawl nana sum sen tur pawh a tlem phah hle ṭhin.

Chuti taka pawimawh kan ramngawte chu mihring pung chho ve zel avang te, huan leh lo neih vangte leh kan ram hmasawnna hrang hrangte avangin tihchereu leh sâwr zîm tial tial a lo ngai ta a. Ramngaw chereu lo zawng leh tuihna tikang lo zawnga huan lo ram siam leh neih dan leh, hmasawnna hrang hrang ruhrel dinte kan zir chhuah a hun ta hle mai.

India State of Forest Report 2021-in a tarlan danin , kan ramngawte hi kum 2019 leh 2021 inkar khan sq.km. 186-a zau kan hloh a, Manipur leh Nagaland te hi NE-ah chuan kan aia hloh tam state an ni. Kum 2021-a Mizoram forest cover zau zawng chu sq.km. 17,820 a ni a, hei hi kan ram zau zawng aṭangin 84.53% lai a ni. Forest cover hi ṭha viauin lang mah se, ramngaw dur (dense forest) chu sq.km. 157 chauh kan nei tawh a, NE India-ah a hniam ber kan ni. Kum 2023-ah chuan Mizoram forest cover chu 85.34% a lo ni ta a, hma kan sawn hret a, a lawmawm tak zet. Mahse, ramngaw dur a tam chuang lo kan tih ang khan ṭan kan lak a la ngai nasa hle.

Sawrkar laipui chuan ramngaw pawimawhzia hriain National Forest Policy 1988-ah tlang ram state-te chuan an ram zau zawng hmun 3-a ṭhena hmun 2 tal hi ramngaw an nei tur a ni tiin tih tur min tuk a. Kan ramngaw neih hi 84.53% (hei hi 2/3 aiin a tam) angin lang mah se, kan ramngaw 56.68% hi ramngawa chhiar tlak loh open forest mai a ni a; hei hian kan tuihnate min vawn nunsak reng theiin a rinawm ta lo.

Tu nge mawhphurtu ni ta ang le? India ram Danpui (Constitution of India) Article 51-A(g) chuan, ‘Tu pawh India khua leh tui tawh phawt chuan Khuanu kutchhuak ramngaw te, lui te, dilte leh nungchate humhalh hi a tih ngei ngei tur a ni,’ tiin mawhphurhna min pe tlat mai. Directive Principle of State Policy, Article 48A-na chuan, ‘State tinte hian kan chenna leh a chhehvel leilung, ramngaw, tui leh boruak siam ṭhat leh ramngaw leh nungcha venhim hna hi a ti ngei tur a ni,’ a ti bawk.

Ramngaw humhalh turin India Danpui hian min phût lo emaw, kan state sawrkar ngei pawhin ramngaw humhalh chungchangah dan leh hrai min zamsak lo emaw pawh ni se, nang leh kei hian nang leh kei leh kan tu leh fate dam khawchhuah theih nana tui thianghlim min petu, boruak thianghlim leh sik leh sa nuam tak min siamsaktu kan ram ro hlu, kan ramngawte hi kan hluta kan humhalh thiam a pawimawh hle. Hemi kawnga sawrkar leh pawl hrang hrangte hmalakna ṭawiawm thiam a pawimawh. Kan ni tin mamawh baka duham luat vang maia kan ramngaw leh lui te kan suasam vak ṭhin hi a pawi hle a, a sawhkhâwk kan tuar ṭan mek a ni. Kan ramin tui thianghlim in tur khamkhawp kan neih reng theih nan hawh u, ramngaw humhalh kawngah theihtawp i chhuah teh ang u.

Thing lênbuang awm chhun ah thlûk a nih a,

Siktuithiang awm chhun tûr pawlh a nih bawk a,

Lêngngha awm chhun man a nih hunah meuh chuan,

Tangka hi puar leh fânna a ni lo tih i lo hria ang.

- Er. L. Sawthly, Khatla East