Kan mawhphurhna – Environment enkawl, venhim leh humhalh

JF Laldailova'n ‘chhehvel’ tia a lehlin Sap ṭawnga 'environment' hi French ṭawng 'environ' tih aṭanga lak–'hual, hel kual (encircle)hual (surround)' tihna a ni a, 'ment' tih hi 'lilam (auctioning)' tihna niin an sawi a, 'ment' tih lai hi 'thil tih hna thawh' (action) tia sawi an awm bawk, tichuan, 'Environment' chu thilnung (organism) leh khuarel (nature)-te inzawmna leh inlaichinna tihna a ni ang. Kan environment-ah hian thilnung (biotic) leh nung lo (abiotic) an awm a; keini mihringte tan nunna neiho zawng zawngte an pawimawh angin, nunna nei ve lem lote pawh hi nunna neite tan an pawimawh hle avangin keini anga nunna nei bakah, nunna nei ve kher lote pawimawhna pawh kan hriat a ṭul a, chu'ng chu enkawl, venhim leh humhalh a pawimawh hle bawk.

APJ Abdul Kalam-a khan, "India mi zawng zawngte'n chhechhama thu tiamin thing pakhat tal phunin ka enkawl puitling ang an ti tur a ni. Thing puitling pakhatin carbon dioxide 20 kg an hip lut thei a, 14 kg oxygen an tichhuak thei bawk," a ti a, oxygen tel lovin mihringte kan nun theih loh avangin oxygen min petu thing leh maute kan humhalha kan phun belh zel a pawimawh.

Kum 12 mi Severn Suzuki-i'n kum 1992-a UN Earth Summit-a a sawi, "Tunah hian ni sa ka do ngam lo, a chhan chu ozone a pawh avangin. Boruak hip luh pawh ka ngam lo, a chhan chu eng chemical emaw a awm avangin. Nikum hmasa khan Vancouver hmuna sanghate chu an cancer tih ka hriat hma kha chuan ka pa nen sangha kan man ṭhin. Tunlai hian ni tin nungcha, thing leh maute mangin chatuan atan an bo hlen mek bawk. Ozone pawp i thawm ṭha thei lo a nih chuan, sangha chi khat Salmon thi tawhte i tinung leh thei lo a nih chuan, nungcha mang tawhte i ko kir thei lo a nih chuan, thlaler hmunah ramngaw i din thar leh thei lo a nih chuan, an nih dan tur, an awm dan tur pangngaia i awmtir thei lo a nih chuan, khawngaih takin a tichhetu ni suh," a tih khan rilru a khawih hle mai.

Kum 1972 khan Indira Gandhi-i pawh khan United Nation Conference-ah, Emperor Ashoka khan lal tih tur a sawi chu, "A khua leh tuite venhim leh thil dik lo titute hrem ringawt ni lovin, nungchate leh thing leh mau humhalha venhim a ni," a lo tih nghe nghe kha. Mifing chuan a tana thil ṭangkai, a nunna atana ṭangkai leh pawimawh a hriat bakah chu'ngte chu enkawla venhim pawimawhna a hre tur a ni a; a tun hun leh a hma hun thlirin a ngaihtuah thiam tur a nih hmel bawk avangin chhuan lo awm leh zel turte ngaihtuah chunga kan chhehvela thil awmte enkawla venhim pawimawhna a hre tur a ni ang. Tin, a hma hun atan a lo inbuatsaih tur a ni bawk ang. Bible-ah pawh, ‘Nang thatchhepa, fanghmir tih dante chhut la, fing rawh; anni chuan lal te, hotu te, roreltute nei lovin, nipuiah chaw an chhek khawm a, a seng hunin an ei turte an seng khawm ṭhin’ (Thufingte 6 6–8) tih kan hmuh kha. Mahse, mi fing kan tam lo a ni mai thei, kan environment enkawl, venhim leh humhalh kawngah kan hnufumin kan vuai cha em mai!

Mizorama VC te'n an tih tur leh an mawhphurhna nia lang tui hna humhalh leh ran khuahkhirh kawngah hna an thawk nep deuh em. Thil dang pawimawhah an buai viau a, kan sawi mek erawh hi chu an tan a pawimawh nep deuh em maw ni chu aw tih hial a awl hle. Kumin ṭhal laiah pawh khan Lunglei lamin tui kang avanga tuia an harsatzia leh an buaizia kan hriat ṭheuh tawh kha. Mihring piang pung zel leh hmasawna changkang zel hian hmun – ram a mamawh belh zel a; ram lah a zau belh ve si loh avangin kan tui tlan hnarahte in sak, bawlhhlawh paih, thlai chinna atana lo vah maite kan ching ta a, hei hian kan tui tlan a tikang nasa hle a ni tih kan hriat a ṭha ang. Engtin nge chu chu a nih theih? Ruah a lo sur hian lei thawlah tui a lut thla ṭhin a, tichuan, lei hnuai dilah an tlingkhawm ta ṭhin a ni; chu chu luia tui lo luang chhuak ṭhin hi a ni. Lei hnuaia tui lut thei tura lei tithawltu chu thing leh maute an ni.

Tui harsatna hi Mizoram pum buai mekna leh kan la buai leh zelna tur a ni dawn chauh zawk ang, hetianga kan kal zel a nih chuan. Tui hna humhalh hi mut mawh hnar mawha kan neih a, bengsika ngaihtuahna kan sen a ṭul bakah hma kan lak vat a ngai. Ran khuahkhirh pawh a pawimawh. In bula vawk leh ar vulh mai te hi, a vulhtu tan ṭhain awlsam viau ringawt mah se, mi dang tan a rimchhe tlat a, thosi leh tho bakah natna siam theih thilnung a tipung a, a hrisel lo a ni. Khaw pawnah ran vulhna hmun siam mai a ṭul chho ta viau niin a lang. Ui pawh khuahkhirh ṭhat a ngai, tun hnaiah pawh kan state ṭhenawm Manipur-ah chuan ui âin a seh kan mihringpui mi â kan hmuh tawh kha. Hetianga kan ran vulhte aṭanga natna kan inkaichhawn theih avang hian natna lakah ka hima kan inkaichhawn loh nana inzirtirna hun chu kum tin, July ni 6-ah World Zoonoses Day hman ṭhin a ni nghe nghe.

India rama ziak leh chhiar tamna ber state, lehkha thiam tam tak awmna hmun Mizoramah hian kan lehkha thiamnate hian environment humhalhna kawngah a sawngsawhlawt lo hle a ni ang, bawlhhlawh leh leivung kan paih duhna hmun leh kan rilru put hmangte hian chu chu a tarlang thei ang. Chemical hmanga lei tih ṭhatna, rannung thahna hlo, hnim thahna hlo kan hmang nasa lutukte hian keini mihringteah hian a chhe zawngin nghawng a nei let ngei tawh bawk a rinawm. Sir Isaac Newton-a Law of Motion-ah pawh Action tinin a let zawngin amah tluk chiaha naa nektu (chu chu reaction an ti) a nei zel ṭhin (Every action, there is an equal; and opposite reaction) a lo tih ang mai khan Arundhati Roy-a chuan, "Nakinah chuan kan hmelhmate chu chemical leh nuclear weapons tih lam an ni dawn lo, hetiang zela mihringte'n leilung kan suasam a nih chuan leilung hi mihringte ep zawnga a rawn dinchhuah hunah chuan lei mihring hian kan dawl zo hauh lo vang le. Leilunga chhiatna tam takte hi leilung kan pawngsualna rah a nih hi," a lo tih hial bawk kha.

Pathian thilsiamte hi mihring tan liau liauva siam a nih tih rinna leh mihring dah laili a, dah chungnunna –anthropocentrism an tih chuan Pathian thilsiamte chu duh duh dana tih theih leh, hman theihna rilru a ken tel tlat a. Ramngaw leh nungchate humhalh ai chuan kan mamawhna anga hmana chet lak mai a keng tel tlat bawk ang. Marxist ecologist-te'n nature chu, sumdawng mite zawrh sum ni maia an ngaihna leh mihringte hlawkna tura pawimawh ni maia an ngaihna nen pawh huang khata khung theih a ni ang. Hei vang hian, Pathian thilsiamte chu kan mamawhnaah kan hmang thei nachungin, venhim, humhalh leh enkawl bakah chhuan dang awm leh turte tana daih rei tak tura siam chu mihringte mawhphurhna a ni tih zirtirna Environmental Stewarship hi a pawimawh hle. Environment humhalh pawimawh tihna avang hian subject hrang hrangah nghawng a nei a ni.

Theology lamah pawh Pathian thilsiam zawng zawngte pum khat an nihna pawm chunga an inkungkaihna leh an chenho dan tur sawina leh, thilsiamte leh mihring inzawmna nghehzia tarlanna bakah chhandamna chungchanga mihringte dah laipui bik lo va, thilsiam zawng zawngte chhamdamna dah pawimawh berna – Eco-Centric Theology Ecological Theology te; Contemporary Literary Theory huanga mi Ecocriticism an tih, mihring leh Pathian thilsiam inlaichhinna leh inkungkaihna chungchang zirna te, Biocentrism an tih, thil nung zawng zawngte hian hlutna inang leh nung tura dikna inang an nei a. Hei vang hian enkawl, ngaihsak leh ngaih pawimawh an ngai tih zirtirna te; hmeichhiate leh thilsiamte inkungkaihna leh inzawmna chungchang zirna – Ecofeminism te; Bioethics an tih nunna chungchanga ngaihdan leh ruahmanna fel tak neih theih nana hmalak dan tur inzirtirnate a awm. Environment chungchanga kan ngaihdan leh rilru sukthlek, a ṭha leh ṭha lo, dik leh dik lo, tih tur leh tih loh tur inzirtirna leh inkawhhmuhna – Environmental Ethics pawh hi kan ngaihven a ṭul hle mai.

Hindu lehkhabu pawimawhhoah chuan thilnungte tihhlum loh emaw, tihnat loh emaw chu pathian zahngaihna leh khawngaihna dawnna niin tarlan deuh vek a ni awm a. 1500 BC-a Rig Veda hunlaiah pawh khan thingkung leh thlaite an lo be hial tawh ṭhin a ni awm e. Jainism sakhua leh Buddhist sakhua paw'n intihnat lohna, tharum thawh lohna bakah thil nung eng pawh tihnat lohna (Ahimsa) a zirtir a. Islam sakhaw lehkhabu Quran pawhin Allah chu pathian a nih thu bakah ni ruk chhunga lei leh van siamtu leh thununa awpa roreltu a nih thute (Quran 1521) a chuang a. Tin, Quran leh Shariah-ah chuan khawvela thil awm chu mihringin a hman sual ṭha a ti lo va. An Quran buah vek pawh amah chu khawvelah awmin nghet takin zung a kaih a, a chungah chuan tlangte chu a awm a, khawvel chu malsawmin, an mamawhna zawn zela chawmin a enkawl bawk a tih a awm. Sikh sakhua pawhin khawvela thil awm – ramsa, sava, thlai, lei, tlang leh vante nena a bik taka an inkungkaih thu leh hmangaih tura inzirtirna an kalpui bawk. Kristiante lehkhabu thianghlim Bible-ah chuan, ‘Leilung leh a chhunga thil awm zawng zawng hi LALPA ta a ni a, khawvel leh a chhunga chengte nen hian’ (Sam 241&2).

‘Ramhnuaia sa tinrengte hi ka ta a ni si a, tlang sangkhat lai chunga ran awmte pawh chu, tlanga sava zawng zawng ka hre vek a, ramsate pawh ka ta a ni’ (Sam 5010–11) tih kan hmu a. Genesis-ah chuan, Pathianin mihring a siamte kuta mawhphurhna a pek chu leilung hi luah khata an thu thua awmtir tura hrilh an ni a. Heta an thu thua awmtir tih hian an thuneihna chu inlulin nan ni lovin, Pathian duh dana enkawl leh venghim tura mawhphurhna a ni zawk ang. Bible-a a inziah dan angin, “In thu thuin awmtir rawh u; tuifinriata sangha chungah te, chungleng sava chungah te, thil nung leia bawkvaka kal zawng zawng chungah te thu nei bawk rawh u,’ (Genesis 128) ti tawpa pawmtu hi an ṭhahnem viau a ni ang. Mizorama kohhran member nei tam ber berampu pakhat chu a ramvak tur silai pu vu vu chunga a kal ka hmu tawh! Keini Kristiante phei hi chu sakhaw dang zuitute ai chuan nungchate tina lova enkawla humhalh tur zawk kan ni ang maw le.

Nurchhawna'n,

Ṭhang kan thar kan nun hi a sang zel a,

Mahse, kan nun hlim a kim thei lo;

Lanu val rual hlim lai ni siam tur,

Nungchate'n zamual an liam zo ta,

Awm khua harin suihlung a leng mang e’

tiin a lo au chhuak tawh a.

Amah vek khan,

Val lung lian ṭuan rel lâm ang lêtin e,

An mawina hlutna ṭhang leh thar tan;

Vawngin hum zai rel ve zawk ula,

Chengrâng râwl lian laibang mawitu kha,

Ro thilah pal ang tun zai rel rawh u le!

Chutin nungcha tuai thar pialleiah hian,

Muangte'n tukram mawi an lêng leh tur;

Hawih te'n hreuthang sa leh kulva lêng,

Chung lêng leh hnuai lêng lo pung leh te'n,

Hring kan chan mawite'n a tivul leh ang.

tia a sawi hi i hre reng teh ang u.

Romantic literature aṭanga piang thurin (theory) leh thlir dan (criticism) inchawhpawlh, romanticism kum 1750–1870 chhung awh, thu leh hlaa harh tharna chi khat, a thu ken leh ngaihdan zinga ṭhenkhat –

1. Civilization [hnam fing nihna] aiin nature [leilung dan kalhmang, thilsiam],

2. Reason [chhia leh tha hriatna, rilru fimna] aiin imagination [ngaihruatna, suangtuahna],

3. Logic [chhia leh tha hriatnaa thil chhut thiamna aiin emotion feeling [thinlunga hnathawh vei],

4. Science [finna, thiamna] aiin intuition [rilrua thil awmze hmuh tlang thiamna] te hian nature thlir dan chungchang min hrilh thei ang.

Romanticism tuipuitu te'n Nature chawimawi leh sawi mawi chu an kalphung a nih chuan a chunga Hindu-in nature a hmuh ropuia a biak tak hial ang khi kan ni ve thei a. Mafaa Hauhnar paw'n, Romantic poet ṭhenkhat chu thilsiam mawinain a hip bo angin Siamtu hmu pha lovin an awm a. Thilsiam mawinain Siamtu chu a hliahkhuh tlat a, chuvangin khuarel chu an pathian a, an be hial (C. Lalawmpuia Vanchiau, Tualchher Criticism, 2014, p. 151 & 113, 155) a tih hi kan dinhmun a ni ve thei bawk. Khuarel kan hriat dan leh pawm dan chungchangah 'pantheism' engkim hi pathianin a luahin engkim hi pathian a ni mai tih ngaihdan (Dictionary of Theological Therms, Revised & Enlarged–2017, p.269) pawmtu an awm phah reng a. Tin, khuarela Pathian tel lo anga pawmna 'naturalism' an tih natural law leh a kaihhnawih hmang ngawr ngawra engkim hrilhfiah tumna (Krista Roluahpuia, Science leh Kristianna a indo em, 2024, p. 78) phei chu a hlauhawm hle ang. Chumi kal zelah chuan 'materialism' an tih, van thengreng leh leilung bak hi thil dang a awm lo va, pathian a awm lo va, Vanram pawh a awm lo; leilung leh a kaihhnawih thil (natural) bak chu lei piah lam thil (supernatural) a awm lo (Prof. Zaithanzauva Pachuau in 'Science-in Pathian awm leh awm loh chungchanga a zawhna leh chhana [Scientific Questions about the Existence of God and its Response]', Hringnun Zawhna Ril Pathian a awm nge awm lo, 2015, p.25) tih rinna phei chu Pathian nung betu tan chuan rinna ṭha lo tak a ni ngei bawk ang.

Eng pawh ni se, kan Pathian biak hi ama thilsiam kaltlangin a inpuang reng a (Tirh.1724-27; Rom 120) chu chu General Revelation an ti a, a bik takaa a inpuanna erawh Isua krista-ah a ni a (Hebrai 11-3), hei hi Special Revelation tih a ni bawk. Environment kan enkawla kan venhim leh humhalhna kawngah hian a siamtu Pathian kan hriat reng a pawimawh tel tih kan hriat a ṭha a. Pathian kan ṭihna leh a hmangaihna leh khawngaihna varpawhtute hian kan mihringpuiteah a ṭha zawngin nghawng ṭha a neih ngei tur a nih hmel bakah thilsiam dangteah pawh nghawng ṭha a nei ngei tur a nih hmel bawk. 

- Zoliansanga Tlau