Finna siam chaw hi engtin nge i lo hmachhawn ve dawn (Comment on a very brief history of Artificial Intelligence)

Science leh khâwl lam thila mihring hriatna leh thiamna (technology) hmasawnna hi a zuanin a zuang ta a ni ber mai a. He hmasawnna chak tak ûm phak tum hian khawvela sumdawng liante pawh an phe suau suau a ni ber. Hetih lai hian dân zirna leh dân hmanga eizawnna lam pawhin arbâwm an tah mai mai bik lo va, he thluak finna chher chawp Artificial Intelligence (AI) thil tih theihna rawn awm thar hi an hmang ṭangkai mek a nih hi. 'Siam chawp, thluak finna' (AI) hian mihring ngaihtuahna, finna leh chhia leh ṭha hriatna ang deuh hi a thil tih leh hna thawhnaah a hmang ve a ni.

AI hi tunlaia thil hmuh chhuah thar zinga ngaih ni mah se, thil nih dân (concept) thar diai chu a ni lo. AI piantir thu hi kum za tam mihring ngaihtuahna luahtu a lo ni tawhin, hmasâng thawnthuah pawh zung (root) nei tawhin a sawi theih. Hmasanga milim leh thil nung lo eng emaw zat, a hnua nunna lo nei ta chungchang hi hmakhawsang thawnthu tam takah a lo awm tawh a. Chumi zinga pakhat chu Greek hla phuah thiam leh milem ker thiam Philostephanus-in a nu hmelṭha tak Pygmalion lim din chhuak a, a din chhuaktu ngeiin a milim din chhuah a hmangaih tak chanchin a ni. A milim (milem ker a ni mah zawk) din chhuah chu a hmangaih tâk êm avangin milim chu a lo nung ta nia sawi a ni.

AI ṭobul hmasa ber chu

AI lo zîk chhuahna technology, thil hisap thei (calculating machine) hi kum 1600 vela hmuh chhuaha ngaih a ni a. German professor Wilhelm Stchickhard hi AI hmu chhuaktu zinga ngaih theih a ni. Mi tam takin Blaise Pascal hi calculator siam chhuak hmasa bertu niin ngai mah se, German nu chhûl chhuak, Hebrew leh Astronomy-a professor ni thei ngat Schickhand-a hi thil hisap thei sana (calculating clock) hmu chhuak hmasa bertu a ni. Hei hi Pascala hisapna khawl tlangzarh hma kum 20 hma lama mi a ni. Heng khawlte hian hisapnaah an pui thei ṭan a. Heng hisapna khawlte hian mihring ang chiah erawh chuan anmahniin thil an ngaihtuah hlei thei lo va, chhia leh ṭha hriatna (reason) an hmang thei lo a ni.

Industry lama thil inlum let chu

Schickhand-a leh Pascal-ate hnuah hian industrial revolution hmasa ber a lo thleng a, industrial revolution palina hi AI awm ṭanna hun tak tak, kum za bi 19-na laihawl paltlanga zabi 19-naa rawn ṭiak ṭan anga ngaih a lo ni ta a ni. Heng hun lai hian chess khelhna khawlte tihhmasawn a, thawm ṭhat a ni. He infiamnaah hian engti hawi zawnga chêt lâktir tûr nge tih hi cognitive thought anga ngaih niin, heng programme-te hi AI pian hmang nei ngeia ngaih an ni. Pittsburg-a computer science, philosophy leh medicine-a zirtirtu Prof. Bruce G. Buchanan-a lehkhabu ziah 'A (Very) Brief History of Artificial Intelligence' tihah chuan programme Deep Blue-in khawvela chess khelh thiam ber leh champion ni lai ni Gary Kasparov, kum 1997-a a hneh kha hma sawnna lian tak a ni, tiin Pamela McCorduck chuan a sawi.

Eng vangin nge heng khawlte hian enchhinna an paltlang loh tih hi tunlai angin computer thil tih theihna a la awm ṭhat tawk loh vang a ni.

Mihring ngaihtuahna chungchanga hriat thiamna ropui zawk

Medical doctor, psychologist leh physiologist Pu Sigmund Freud-a hi mihring ngaihtuahna (mind & thinking) chungchang chhuitu zinga khawvela lar ber a ni mai thei. A thil hmuh chhuah thu thûk (theory) hi tunlai khawvelah dik tawk lo leh fuh tawk lova ngaihna awm mah se, ‘A suangtuahna leh a thil hmuh chhuah laimu hi tunlai therapy lungphum a la ni a, mihring rilru a zir chianna hi eng hunah pawh khawvel mihringin a mamawh a ni," tiin mi ṭhenkhat chuan an la sawi reng a ni. Freud-a hnathawh hian a hnua zir mi (theorist) tam tak rilru a la hmin tlat a ni.

Marvin Minsky-a, cognitive scientist leh MIT's AI laboratory hmu chhuaktu zinga mi chuan amahin AI nena inkaihhnawih rilru hna thawh dan a duang chhuak a, chutah chuan Freud-a chu thil hriat rengna (memory) pawimawhna zir mi a nih avangin computer hmu chhuak hmasa berte zinga mi niin a ngai, tih a tar lang a ni. Hengte avang hian Freud-a chu rilru lam zir mi zinga a duh ber nia a ngaih thu hi sawi a ni nghe nghe. Hengte bakah hian Minsky-a chuan mihring ngaihtuahna chungchanga a thu ril/thûk (theory) ziahna lehkhabu 'Society of Mind' tih chu kum 1988 khan a tichhuak bawk. Ani hian mihring rilru chu thil tereuh tê tê 'agent' tam takin a siam, hna bik chi hrang hrang (thil hriat reng theihna, mi dang leh mahni intih phur theihna leh suangtuahna mitthlaa thil hmuh theihna, adt) thawk thei niin a ngai. Hengte hian mihring rilru leh ngaihtuahna a siam ta a ni.

America rama philosopher, ziak mi, cognitive scientist, Tuft University professor ni bawk C. Daniel-a chuan uluk taka zirna ṭhahnem tak a buatsaih a, biology leh cognitive science te nena rilru inlaichinna thu thûk a tichhuak a. A lehkhabu pakhatah chuan philosophy, AI leh neurobiology-a hriatna leh mihring ngaihdan awmte chu luan khawmtirin, lehkhabu pakhat 'Kinds of Minds' (rilru ngaihtuahna chi khat) tih lehkhabu 1997 khan a chhuah a. Hetah hian ran leh ramsate ngaihtuahnate leh mihringte ngaihtuahnate hi eng hian nge thliar hrang a; robot-te hi thil hriat theihna (sensory system)-a thuam ni ta se, ran leh ramsa te lak aṭanga mihringte rilru ngaihtuahna danglamna siamtu, eg, tawnhriat ang chite leh thil ngaihtuahna chungchang suangtuah thiam dante chen hian an tilang chhuak ve thei ang em tihte zawhna a siam a ni.

Sussex University-a cognitive science (thil hriat thiamna lam)-a reseach professor Pi Margaret Boden-i chuan lehkhabu 'Mind as Machine (khawl angin mihring rilru): A History of Cognitive Science' tih chu kum 2006-ah a chhuah a. He lehkhabuah hian psychology, philosiphy, anthropology leh AI thlirna aṭangin mihring rilru hi chhûtin a sawi fiah a. Pi Boden-i lehkhabu hi America scientist Gilbert Harman-a chuan thlir letin, kum 1960 aṭanga computational psychology lo zik chhuah dan chu zau deuh hek hawkin a sawi fiah niin a ngai. Chu bakah, Boden-i hian computer hian a entawn tih lam ngaihtuah lovin, mihring rilru Pathianin a siam dan chiang taka hre tur chuan thui tak kal a la ngai a; mahse, psychology ṭhantirna atan AI (model) hmuh chhuah hi a pawimawh tak zet niin Boden-i chuan thutlukna a siam ta a ni. Hetiang deuh hian psychology thu ril (theory)-ina a nghawng pawh AI ṭhan zel nan a pawimawh bawk.

AI nena kan nakin hun

Zirna lama kan mi thiam ṭhenkhatte’n AI hmang ṭangkai tak tak tur hian thui tak kal kan la hmabak niin sawi mah se, mi tam tak, entir nan, Wladawsky-Berger leh mi thiam dangte rin dan chuan, AI hmang ṭangkai zawnga inlumleh thut hun (AI revolution) -industrial revolution palina hi kan hnaih tawh hle niin an ngai thung. AI revolution kan hnaih hle a ni tih ringtu dang chu Pu Carpenter-a, AI software siamtu a ni. A ngaihdan chuan, AI ṭhan kin neih nana computer chakna kan hman ṭangkaina emaw, algorithm (thil chhûtna tura a kal hmang ilo siam sa) kan siam puitlin (develop)-na emaw hi a rei ve tawh avangin, kum sawm emaw lek chhungin AI revolution chu a lo thleng mai dawn a ni.

AI software platform hmang, hna thawh leh thil tum chi hrang hrang tihhmasawnna (mission critical process) atana hmanrua 'Ayata' hmu chhuaktu Atanu Basu AI leh sumdawnna thil dinna leh tihchangtlunna company 'Empact' hmu chhuaktu pahnih zinga pakhat Michael Simmons te chuan online chanchinbuah 'Nakin hun hi chu AI neitu hruaitute ta a ni' (The Future Belongs to Leaders Who Get Atificial Intelligence) tih an ziak a. An thu ziahah hian hemite pahnih hian AI leh khawl finna hman tak tak huna nakin hun awm dan tura an ngaih dan an târ lang.

1. Mihringte'n kan ni tin khawsakna atana mihring finna kan hman leh khâwl finna kan hman inkar (transition) hi a buaithlak hle dawn a ni.

2. Kan nihna (identity) a rawn ching let dawn.

3. Kan hmakhaw rêl (career) duannaa kan mihring thiamna leh finna a rawn do ang.

4. Thutlûkna kan hriat thiam loha chungah rinna kan nghah a ṭûl dawn.

5. Kan suangtuah thiam phak bâka tam hun ṭha leh tam zawk a rawn siam chhuak dawn.

6. Chuvang chu alawm, he thil hi hlauthawng leh mak ti chunga pawm a ngaih tho dawn ni!

Chuvang chuan, a chunga chuang thei turin keini mihring lam thiamna (skill) pawh hi kan chher hriam deuh deuh a ngai a. Mahni thiam bikna ṭheuh hman vanga mi thiamte larna bo tial tial a, computer ngaihdan lâk nana computer han ngaih chan tâk zel mai hun tur chu hun inthlak danglam leh mak tak zawng a ni dawn ngei e (David Ferruci).

Engtin nge i lo suangtuah ve a, ei zawnna leh sumdawnna te leh contract thila Artificial Intelligence-in kan hring nun a rawn thlak buaih tur hi engtin nge i lo ngaih ve dawn le? 

- Dr J.T.Vanlalngheta, Writer's Lexis & Law