Pangpâr lo pâr dan

Pangpârte hian mihring nunah hmun pawimawh tak an luah a, hmangaihna lantir nan kan inhlan tawn a, lâwmte lawmpui nan leh lungngaite tawrhpui nan kan inpe tawn bawk ṭhîn. Pathianin kan nun timawi tûr leh famkim tûra kan tân bîk liau liaua min siamsak emaw tih a awl khawp mai. Nimahsela, hemi piah lamah hian thlaite hian pâr chhan pawimawh tak an nei a, chu chuan kan khawvêl leh a chhûnga thilnung zawng zawng hi a nghawng a. Thlaite rawn pâr dan kan hriatthiam chuan khawvêla nunna lo ṭai darh chhoh dân leh inthlun zawm dânte min hriat fiahtîr thei a, humhalh an ṭûlziate pawh min zirtîr thei a ni.

A hmasa berah chuan, ni êng (sunlight) hi thilnung zawng zawng chakna petu a ni a, thlai (plants) kan tih chu ni êng chakna la lût a, chaw (carbohydrates) atana siam theite hi an ni. Ni êng chakna hmanga chaw siam chu ‘photosynthesis’ an ti a, chu chu ramsa nêna an danglamna lian ber a ni. Ramsa leh mihring te hian ni êng chakna kan hmang ve thei lo va, thlaite’n ei theiha an siamsa kan ring mai zâwk ṭhin. Science hian thlai hi hlawm lian tak tak pangaah a ṭhen a, chungte chu–algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms leh angiosperms te a ni. Kan Bible hian Pathianin thlai a pârtir dân a rawn chhui lem lo va. Chuvângin, science tarmit aṭanga thlîrin, Pathianin inmamawh tawn veka min siam dânte rawn tarlan ka tum dawn a ni.

Algae (Tuiah an rawn piang)

Nunna (life) hi tuifinriatah a rawn inṭan tih ngaihdan hi science leh Bible inlungrualna tak pawh niin a lang. Tah chuan pât-êk (algae)-te hi thlai awm hmasa ber an ni a, kum maktaduai 1,500-1,000 kal ta aṭanga awm ṭan tawh niin mithiamte’n an ngai. Tui aṭanga rawn piang an nih avângin tuia awm tûrin an pianphungte pawh a inseam a, a zung (roots), a zâr (branch), a kûng (stem) emaw, a hnah (leaf) a la awm lo. An taksa pum chu a hring nâl thep mai a, chu chu ‘Thallus’ an ti.

Algae ṭangkaina leh pawimawhna hi kan dâwn phakin ka ring lo, an hmingte pawh hi kan phuah mawi hran lo, Saron pâr kan tihte nen phei hi chuan inmawi hleih tak a ni. Rah fuh palhte hian tluk sual a awl êm êm a, hnawksak an nihna chen pawh a awm. Nimahsela, algae awm hmasa zinga mi ‘Cyanobacteria’ te hian nunna dang lo insiam thei tûrin korî a tu êm êm a. Ni êng chakna hmanga chaw an siam khan tui (H2O) an phel hrang a, oxygen (O2) an rawn siam chhuak a, boruak (atmosphere)-ah oxygen a lo awm theih phah ta a. Chu chu science tarmit aṭang thlîrin, he khawvêla thil thleng tawh zinga pawimawh ber pawl a ni nghe nghe. Science chuan, ‘The Great Oxidation Event’ a ti hial reng a ni. Oxygen avâng chuan thilnung chi hrang hrang an awm theih phah a, thil nung zawng zawng tan oxygen chu nunna hnâr a lo ni. Chutih rual chuan, tui aṭanga rawn piang an nih avângin tuiah chauh an dam khawchhuak thei a, inthlah pun nân tui an la mamawh reng bawk.

Bryophytes (Khawmualah an rawn insawn)

Kum maktaduai 500 kal ta khân tui chhûng aṭanga rawn lâng chhuakin, khawmual a rawn insiam ṭan a. Khawmualah hian ni êng (sunlight) leh carbon dioxide a tam zâwk avângin algae-te chu khawmual lam pan tûrin an insiam rem a. Kum maktaduai 470 vel khan bryophytes-te an awm ṭan a, lung leh a vêla inham tân nân zung ang deuh ‘rhizoids’ an nei a. Bryophytes leh algae hi kan hre hrang lo mai thei. Bryophytes hi lung leh hmun hnâwnga awm ṭhin an ni a, ‘lung-sam’ kan tih ho hi bryophytes chi khat an ni. Tin, waxy cuticle hmangin an intuam bawk a, waxy cuticle chu oil chi khat niin, ni êng avanga thlai aṭanga tui chhuak tûr vengtu a ni. Waxy cuticle leh rhizoids hmang chuan khawmual lung hmunahte an lo awm thei ta a. Nimahsela, inthlah pun nan tui an la mamawh reng tho avangin hmun hnâwngah an awm a ngai ṭhin.

A tîrah chuan he khawvel hi lung hmun a ni a, bryophytes-te hi chu lung hmun chu leia chantîrtute zinga mi niin, khawvel leilung insiam chhoh zelnaah an pawimawh em em a. Tin, thlaite khawmuala an awm hnu chuan ramsâte luahlum theih tûrin khawmual a rawn insiam a, ramsate pawh khawmualah an pung chho ta zêl a. Vawiin thlengin thlai awm lohna hmunah ramsa tam zawk tan awm ngaihna a awm lo.

Pteridophytes (A sâng zawngin an ṭhang)

Khawmualah tui a awm remchan reng loh avangin thlai ṭhenkhat chu tui awmna hmun chauh dam khawchhuah nâna innghat lo tûrin an inher rem ve zêl a. Kum maktaduai 420 kal ta khan thlai awm thar ‘Pteridophytes’ an rawn lang ta a, Mizoin pteridophytes kan hriat lar em em chu kâtchât lam chi hi a ni. Khawmuala awm thei tûrin an pianphungte insiam danglamin, a zung, a kuang, a hnah leh a zâr te an rawn nei a. Nimahsela, a pawimawh ber chu ‘vascular tissue’ an nei hi a ni. Vascular tissue chu thlai chhûngah pipe pahniha siam niin, tui pipe chhohna, ‘Xylem’ leh an chaw pek kualna ‘Phloem’ te hi a ni. Vascular tissue hmang chuan awlsam takin tui an la lut thei ta a. Tin, a hnahin ni zung chakna hmanga chaw a siamte chu an mamawh dan zêlin awlsam takin hmun dangah an sawn kual thei bawk.

Thlaite hi ni zung chakna mamawh reng an nih avângin a sâng leh a lian apiangte tan dam khawchhuah a awl bik. Chuvangin, vascular tissue hi vawiin ni thlenga thlai lian pui pui kan hmuh theihna chhan pakhat a ni. Vascular tissue chhûnga ‘Primary vascular tissue’ awmte chu ralin, a thi a, a bul hnaiah pipe thar, ‘Secondary vascular tissue’ a insiam leh ṭhin. Primary vascular tissue-te hi ban nghet tak leh khawng takah a rawn chang a, a bula secondary tissue insiam nen chuan a vâng zâwngin thlai an ṭhantîr a, chu chu ‘Secondary growth’ an ti. Vascular tissue an neih aṭang hian pteridophytes a chin hi thlai lian tak tak kan hmuh theih phah ta a ni. Kum maktaduai 300 kal ta, carboniferous hun lai chuan pteridophytes-te an lian thei em em a, tunah chuan tereuhtê tê bak hmuh tûr a awm ta lo. Vawiina meihawl kan laih chhuah tam tak hi chu carboniferous hun lai, pteridophytes lian pui pui aṭanga insiam an ni.

Gymnosperms (Seeds an siam)

Kum maktaduai 320-300 kal ta khan thlai thar ‘Gymnosperm’ an lo lang leh a, gymnosperms chu Mizovin fâr kan tih ang chi hi a ni. A chi (seeds) hmanga inthehdarh hmasa ber a ni bawk. Algae, bryophytes leh pteridophytes-te hi an chi thehdarh nân spores leh gametes an hman avângin an inthlah pun zêl nan tui an mamawh reng a. Gymnospermsin inthlahpun nân seeds an hmang ṭangkaina chu sik leh sain a zir lohna hmunah pawh a chhunga thlai naute (embryo) awm chu rei tak chhe lovin an vawng reng thei a, a hun takah ṭiakin, an inthlah punna kawngah nasa takin a pui a ni. Tin, gymnosperms-te hian an chi thehdarh nân thlî an hman bawk avângin khawmualah zau zawkin an intheh darh thei ta bawk.

Gymnosperms-te hi an lian thei êm êm a, ramngaw ṭha tak takte siamin, boruaka carbon dioxide awm chu an la lût a. Chu chu ‘carbon sequestration’ an ti a, carbon sequestration nasa takin an rawn thlen a. Boruakah carbon dioxide a tam hian kan khawvel a tilum ṭhîn. Chuvângin, carbon sequestration khan kan khawvel boruak a lo tidai a, sik leh sâ pawh a lo nawm phah bawk. Gymnosperms awm ṭan hun lai khân khawvêl kha a lumin, a ro thei êm êm a, chumi avanga tui an hloh vak loh nan an hnahte pawh a rawn sin phah tlângpui. Kan hriat tûr pawimawh êm êm mai chu, thing kan kih rêm vak a, ram kan vah nasat lutuk hian carbon dioxide hi boruakah tam tak a let leh ṭhin. Chu chuan kan khawvêl hi a tilum zual a, hei hi ‘global warming’ an tih chu a ni. Ramngawte hi kan humhalh loh chuan mihring leh ramsa tam tak tan dam khawchhuah theih loh khawpin kan khawvêl hi a lum dâwn a ni.

Angiosperms (Pâr chi pangpâr an rawn pâr ta)

Kan khawvel sik leh sâ a lo nawm tâkah chuan thilnung chi hrang hrangte lo pungin, an lo ṭâi darh chho zêl a. Chu chu thlaite’n hmang ṭangkâiin, kum maktaduai 140-130 kal ta khan thlai pâr chi ‘Angiosperm’ te an lo lang ta a. Anni hi an chhehvêl hmang ṭangkai thei tûrin an pâr chhuak a. Phaitualhnimte chu thlî hmang ṭangkai tûrin an pâr a (Anemophilous flower), Chhawkhlei pârin sava an hmang ṭangkai hle (Ornithophilous flower). Hnahkiah kûngin rannung tereuhtê tê an hmang ṭangkai a (Entomophilous flower), zawngṭahte’n bâk an hmang ṭangkai thung (Chiropterophilous flower).

Chutiang zel chuan pangpâr hrang hrang an rawn pâr chhuak zel a, chu chuan kan khawvêl hi an tihmawi mai bakah, thilnung dangte nen inthlun zawmna an siam zel bawk. Rannung dangte tan zû tui tak siamin, chaw ṭha tâk an ni a, thilnung dangte’n an chi thehdarh kawngah nasa takin an puibâwm bawk. Chuvângin, thlaite leh thilnung rêng rêngte hi inmamawh tawn vek tûra duan an ni a, chu an inkungkaihna avâng chuan he khawvêl hi mihringte leh thilsiam dangte tân chenna tlak khawvel a lo ni thei a ni.

Science thlirna aṭanga thlîrin pangpârte hi mihring awm hmâin an pâr daih tawh a; khuaî te, savate leh rannung chi hrang hrangte tana pâr hi an lo ni. Inzawmna mumal tak an neih avangin kan khawvel hi mihringte tan luah theihin a lo awm a. A khawi emaw zâwk zâwk pawh hi tichereu ta ila, kan khawvel hi luah tlak lohin kan siam mai dâwn tihna a lo ni a, chuvangin, kan humhalh a ṭul tak zet a ni. Ringtu kan nihna aṭanga han thlir pawhin he khawvel hi huan mawi tak, Pathianin a duh taka a siam a ni tih a lang chiang hle.

Heng thilsiam hlu tak takte hi keini ringtute hian duat tak leh uluk takin kan enkawl dawn lawm ni? Thilnung zawng zawng hi Pathianin a duh taka a siam vek an ni a (Genesis 1:31). Chuvangin, thilsiam zawng zawng lakah ngilnei ila, a theih chen chenah vênhim leh humhalh kan uar bawk tûr a ni. Chu chu Siamtu min beisei dân pawh a ni ngei ang. Kan Pathian thuin, thil siam zawng zawng hnênah chanchin ṭha hril rawh u (Marka 16:15) a tih kha a taka chantir tûrin ṭan i la thar zel ang u. 

- Hmingremhlua Sailo Ph.D

Department of Botany,

Pachhunga University College