MIZO LEH MARA

(He article hi Bangalore Mizo Association-in a chhuah ‘Ram Rorelna leh Mizote’ (2025) tih lehkhabua ‘Chin-Kuki-Lushai hnam hlawm hming thua inrawnkhawmna’ tih thupui hmanga ka thuziak aṭanga a ṭhen lak chhawn a ni a, tlem khawih danglam a ni.)

India, Myanmar, Bangladesh leh khawvel ram hrang hranga cheng hmanlaia Chin, Kuki, Lushai, Lakher (Mara), etc tia koh ṭhin hnamte kha tunlaia Myanmar ram Chin state, Rakhine state, Sagaing region Kalay-Kabaw Valley leh region dangah te, Bangladesh ram Chittagong Hill Tracts, India Mizoram, Tripura, Manipur, Assam state-te leh khawvel ram hrang hranga cheng ‘Tlangmi’ hnamte hi an ni a. Heng hnam zawng zawng huapzo hnam hlawm hming atan hian Chin, Lai, Zo, Zomi, Mizo, Zohnahthlak, Chhinlung Chhuak tih hmingte hmang tura rawtnate a lo awm tawh ṭhin a. Hnam tin lungrual tlanna (consensus) hming erawh a awm thei rih lo. Sawihona leh inrawnkhawmna (negotiation) tak tak pawh a la awm lo tluk a ni.

Mi ṭhenkhatin Mizoram state chhunga hnam tlem zawk – Mara, Lai, Hmar, Paihte, etc te hi Mizo hnam hlawm nihna rilru aiin anmahni hnam bil rilru nei lian zawk leh pu nasa zawk angin an sawi a, an ziak bawk ṭhin. A dikna chen a awm ngei ang. Mara, Lai, Hmar leh Paihte hnam bilte an ni tlat si a. Mahse, thûk zawk leh chipchiar zawka kan zir erawh chuan heng hnam tê zawkte ang bawk hian hnam lian ber, Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang, tuna Mizo ni tawhte pawh hian hnam bil rilru an lo nei lian ve hlein a lang. An demawm hranpa lo ve. Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang hnam bil an ni tlat si a.

Mara-te ṭobul thawnthuah chuan Mara hnam leh Lusei hnamte hi lei puk pakhat aṭanga lo chhuak an ni a, an lo chhuah ni aṭangin Mara leh Lusei tih niin, hnam pahnih, hnam hrana lo chhuak an nihzia leh Luseite chu an lo chhuah hun aṭanga mihring (population) tam zawk an nih sazia tarlan a ni. Hei hian, Lusei leh Mara chu hnam hran ve ve, Lusei chu Lusei, Mara chu Mara ni mah se, an lo chhuahna chu puk thuhmun a ni a, thlahtu pakhat aṭanga lo chhuak, engtik hun leh hmun aṭang emawa unaute indang a, hnam pahniha lo inṭhen an nihzia min zirtir. Mara ṭawng hi hmanlaia Chin-Kuki-Lushai hnam tia hriat ṭhin ṭawng zinga ṭawng danglam ber, thumal zawng zawng vowel-a tawp vek a ni a. Chuvangin, Lusei ṭawng leh Mara ṭawng thumal bul (root word) inangte eng nge maw zat awm mah se, an inhriat pawlh tawh loh dan leh ṭawng danglam bik Mara ṭawng a lo chhuahna aṭanga thlirin, Lusei leh Mara unaute hi hnam hrana an inṭhenna a rei thawkhat tawh niin a lang.

Chutichuan, Marate chu Lusei/Mizo hnam ni lovin hnam hran an nihzia India sawrkar chuan hriatpuiin a pawmpui a. Hnam hran an nihna, an history, an ṭawng leh an hnam ziate a bo lohna tur leh hnam hran an nihna anga an ṭhanlen chhoh zel theihna turin Regional Council leh a hnu deuhvah Autonomous District Council thlenga pek an ni ta a ni. Mizo District nih ṭhin chu kum 1972-ah Mizoram Union Territory-ah hlankai a ni a, 1987-ah state puitling pek a ni. Mara Autonomous District Council erawh chu vanduaithlak takin Union Territory/State-ah hlankai a ni ve ta lo.

Lusei chu Lusei, Mara chu Mara tih kha kalpui dan a nih tlat avangin Pu Thanhlira MP nih lai, kum 1954-ah “Lushai Hills District” tih ṭhin chu Mizo District tia thlak a lo nih khan, Mizo tih chuan Mara chu a huam tel ve lo. Sawi tawh angin, hnam hrang hrangte insuihkhawmna tur hnam hlawm siam a, hnam hlawm hming phuah tur chuan thutlukna siam hmain sawihona leh inrawnkhawmna neih hmasak a ngai a. Mizoramah erawh chuan, Lushai leh Mara-te hi Mizo i ni ho ang u, tiin Mara-te kha sawm an ni lo chauh ni lovin, an ngaihdan zawh leh hriat tumna pawh a awm lo reng reng a ni. Sawihona leh inrawnkhawmna a awm miah lo tihna a ni chu. Chuvangin, “Lusei leh Mara chu hnam hran ve ve kan ni a, mahse, unau kan ni,” tih ṭhin kha kalphung tharin thlak a lo ni ta a, Mizo leh Mara tihin a inṭhen hlen ta a ni. “Lushai” tih ṭhin kha “Mizo” tia thlak a nih hnu chuan Mara-te chu Mizo an ni thei tawh lo, Lusei an nih ngai loh avangin. Hei hi Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang roreltu hmasate’n Mizo identity an ‘hijack’ vawi khatna, inawpbehna hnam bil rilrua hnam tlem zawkte namnûlna, tun thlenga nghawng nei zui ta chu a ni.

Duhlian/Lusei hnam kha Mizo hnam tiha thlak a lo nih hnu pawhin ṭawng erawh chu Lushai ṭawng tiin hun eng emaw chen chhung a la awm rih a. School-ahte Lushai ṭawng tia zir a ni a, Mizo District leh Mizoram UT official ṭawng pawh Lushai tia hriat a la ni chhunzawm ta zel. Tin, “Mizo” tih chu hmanlaia Chin-Kuki-Lushai hnam tia hriat ‘Tlangmi’ zawng zawng huap zo hnam hlawm hming a nihzia sawi uarna leh ziakte pawh a awm chho zel a. Mara-hote zingah pawh, “Chutiang a nih chuan, Mara leh Lusei te hi Mizo kan ni dun ang a, Lusei Mizo, Mara Mizo tiin; kan official ṭawng (common language) erawh chu Lushai/Lusei ṭawng a ni tihna a ni mai dawn alawm,” tiin Mizo nihnaah in-identify ve tumnate pawh a awm ṭan hial.

Mahse, Lushai ṭawng chu Mizo ṭawng tia thlak a lo nih leh hnuah chuan Mizo ṭawng chuan Mizo leh Marate chu chiang takin a ṭhen hrang leh ta a ni. Pianpui ṭawnga Mizo ṭawng hmang lo leh Mizo ṭawng thiam lo Marate chu Mizo an ni thei ta lo. Hei hi Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang roreltu hmasate’n Mizo hnam nihna leh Mizo ṭawng an hruai kawi (hijack) vawi hnihna a ni. Hnam bil rilru pua thil tih hlauhawm ber leh Mizo leh Mara inpumkhatna tichak lotu ber a lo ni ta a ni. Hei vang hian a ni ang, Myanmar ramah chuan Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmangte chuan Mizo an inti fal bik a, Chin nihnaah an inti neitu ve lem lo. Myanmar ramah Mizo eng zat chiah nge awm tih chhuinaah pawh Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang Mizote chauh chhiar an ni ṭhin. Ram dangahte pawh Mizo ṭawng hmangte chuan Mizo an inti fal bik ṭhin.

Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang roreltute leh mipuite’n hnam bil (ethnocentric) rilru avanga Mizo identity an hruai kawi (hijack) vawi thumna leh tun thlenga harsatna siam reng ṭhin chu hei hi a ni. ‘Enga’ ṭawng hmang leh ‘Thanga/Thangi’ hming pute chu Mizo bik, Mizo dik takah an dah a. ‘Enga’ ṭawng hmang ve lo leh ‘Thanga/Thangi’ hming pu ve lo Mara, etc hnamte erawh chu Mizo dik takah an pawm lo. He article ziaktu pawh hi a hming leh a Mizo ṭawng pai te chhuanlamin Mizo dik taka ngai lohna a tawnhriat ṭhin. Mak a ti hran lo, thil kal dan tur niin a pawm mai zawk a ni. Hei vang hian a ni ang, Mizo dik tak intih bikte chuan Mara rama Mara Thyutlia Py (Mara Ṭhalai Pawl) chu Mizo Ṭhalai Pawl niin an pawm thei lo a, Mara Ṭhalai Pawl awm reng chung siin Mizo bikte atan Young Mizo Association (YMA) chu Mara ramah an din a, tunah chuan Sub-Headquarters thlenga pek an ni ta a ni. Hei hian Mizote pawhin Marate chu Mizo dik taka an pawm lohzia a tilang chiang a ni.

‘Mizoram chhunga cheng apiang chu Mizo an ni vek’ tih emaw, ‘Mizo ka ni lo tiho chuan Mizoram chhuahsan mai tur’ tia sawite pawh a awm ṭhin. Hei phei hi chu thu belchian dawl lo a ni. A nih leh Mizorama awm hlen tawh tur Mizo ṭawng pai miah lova thiam em em vai te, Gorkhali te hi Mizo an ni vek tihna em ni ang? Ni lo ve a. Mizoram chhunga cheng apiang Mizo an nih vek chuan, Chakmate pawh Mizo an ni ve ang chu. Chutiang bawk chuan Mara Autonomous District Council (MADC) area huam chhunga hnam dangte pawh Mara an ni vek ang chu. Chuvangin, chutianga dinna siam chu awmze nei lo leh mumal nei lo thil a ni. India rama chengte hi India mi chu kan ni vek a, Hindi ṭawng hmang India mi erawh kan ni vek lo. Chutiang bawkin Mizorama cheng ‘Tlangmi’ hnam hrang hrangte hi Mizoram state mi leh sa kan ni vek nain, Lusei ṭawng hmang Mizo erawh kan ni vek lo. Mizoram chu state hming a ni a, Mizo chu hnam hming a ni. Mizoram state chhungah hian hnam hrang hrang – Mizo, Mara, Lai, Chakma, etc – an awm tih hriat a pawimawh hle. Mara, Lai leh Chakma hnamte hian ram an neih ṭheuh a, chu ramte chu Mizoram state a awm hma daih tawha lo awm diam tawhte an ni. Chuvangin, “Mizo ka ni lo ti ho chu Mizoram chhuahsan mai tur,” tih thu leh hla awm leh ṭhin hi chu history hre chiang lote thusawi a ni a, thupui hlapuia lak loh a ṭha ber ang.

Mizo ṭhenkhatin, “Ralte leh Fanai ten an hnam nihna leh ṭawngte kalsanin Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang Mizo an ni vek tawh ang hian Marate pawhin chutiang chuan tih ve mai tur alawm. In tan a ṭha zawk ang. Minority nih te hi thil ṭha ber a ni lo, in tlem tham si a,” an ti ṭhin. Hei hi duhsakna ṭawngkam a nih chuan a lawmawmah ngai ila. Inchimral duhna, Lusei/Mizo nihtir vek duhna aṭanga sawi a nih erawh chuan a lungchhiatthlak hle ang. Mi dang chimral duhna hnam bil rilru a lang chiang leh hle tihna a ni. Ṭawng mawi leh ṭha Ralte ṭawng leh Fanai ṭawngte mah an bo tawh a, an uiawm em em nakalaia ṭawng mawi leh hlun pakhat Mara ṭawng thlenga a han bo zel tur chu, hnam leh ram hmangaihtu dik tak kan nih chuan kan ui em em tur a ni zawk ang. Chuvangin, hnam lian zawk Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmang Mizote’n hnam tê zawk Mara angte chu chimrala awm lo a, an ṭawng a bo lohna tur leh a ṭhanlen chhoh zelna tura ṭan lakpui chu an tih tur a ni zawk!

Lusei hnama innghat Mizo hnam hlawm siamna Luseinized Mizo identity-ah chuan Duhlian/Lusei hnam tih chu Mizo tih hnamin a lem ral tawh a. He khawvelah hian Lusei/Duhlian hnam a awm tawh lo a, Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng pawh a awm tawh lo. Mara, Lai, etc hnamte erawh chu Luseinized Mizo nihnain a lem ral an duh loh avangin an hnam leh an ṭawng te a awm reng thung. Chuvangin, Mizo nihna hi Lusei hnam leh ṭawnga innghata kalpui a nih chuan Marate tan chuan Mizo nih ve chu harsatna leh remchan lohna a awm tlat a ni. Luseinized Mizo identity kalphungah chuan Duhlian/Lusei ṭawng hmangte tan Mizo nih chu thil harsa a ni miah lo. Kalsan tur leh thlak tur an nei lo. An ṭawng an chhunzawm thei a, an hming invuah dan an chhunzawm thei a, an nun zia (culture) an chhunzawm thei a, an history pawh an chhunzawm thei. Mara leh hnam dangte tan erawh chutiang chuan a ni ve thei lo. Kalsan tur leh thlak tur an nei tam dawn a, a bik takin an ṭawng leh an hnamzia leh history te kalsan a ngai ang a, an phal dawn lo.

Chuvangin, Lusei hnama innghat Mizo hnam hlawm siamna Luseinized Mizo identity chu pawm theitu tam tak an awm laiin, pawm thei lotu leh Mizo inti thei lo tam tak an awm ve tih hriat a pawimawh hle. Chuti chung chuan, “Hun a kal zel ang a, a tawp a tawpaah chuan Luseinized Mizo identity-ah kan insuikhawm vek mai ang,” tih ngaihdan (ideology) neihtute an awm niin a lang. Chutianga ngaihdan neih ho chuan Luseinized Mizo identity chu an chawi sang ang a, Mizo ṭawng, Mizo hnam zia, sumdâwnna, zirna, arts (hla mawi, lemziak, movie, etc), politics, pawl chakna, etc te hmangin Mara ram leh Marate zingah Luseinized Mizo colonization kalpui an tum dawn a ni. An modus operandi a hlawhtlin thawkhatin a lang; Marate zingah pawh ‘Keini Mizote’ tih theitu an awm nual tawh. Nimahsela, Mara tam zawkte chuan ‘Keini Mizote’ an ti ve thei lo. Mara hnam nihnaah an harh thar leh a, Luseinized Mizo identity-in chimrala an awm lohna turin ṭan an la ve ta a ni.

A tawpah chuan, Lusei leh Mara ten an pawm tlan theih tur hnam hlawm hming sawihona leh inrawnkhawmna a awm hma leh hmuhchhuah a ni hma chuan Lusei chu Lusei, Mara chu Mara tih ṭhin kha, Mizo chu Mizo, Mara chu Mara tih kalphung thara thlak a ni tawh tih hi pawm tlang ila a ṭha ber tawh awm e. Mizo leh Mara unaute kan inan lonate chu hmangaihnain inhriatpui a, inpawmpui tawn tum ila. Chutichuan, beiseina dik lote a tibo ang a, innghingnghonate a pumpelh thei zawk ang. State pakhata chengho kan nih angin kan state ṭhatna tur leh hmasawnna turte ngaihtuah hovin thawk ho ila, Kristianpuite kan nihna hre rengin ṭhenawm ṭha nih i tum ṭheuh zawk ang u. 

- Laiu Fachhai