Chal chung/chhipa sam zial (HRUMSAWM, HRUMTUNG, HRUMVET)

China aṭanga ni tlakna lam pan Chinlung Chhuakte hi hlawm lian pahnih Chal chung/Chhip a sam zial – LAI leh Tukkhuma sam zial – MAR tia ṭhen phawk theih kan ni a, Lai hi Hrumsawm/Hrumtung/Hrumvet an ti a, Mar hi Tukbemsawm an ti. Mar hi Mhar tiha ziak a awm a, Marh, Mhar leh Hmarh te hi Hmar tih thumal lo chhuahna a ni tih Hmar history-ah a chuang. Laiho chuan tukkhum lama sam zialte hi Mar tiin an ko vek a, tukkhuma sam an zial avang hian an lu hi sei angin a lang. Chi ṭhenkhat, hmun hran hran a awm darh vanga tih dan inang lo an awm bawk.

Ṭiau lui kan leh kan lo heng Aimol, Anal, Biate, Chiru, Chothe, Gangte, Halam (Chorei, Hrangkhawl, Ranglong etc.), Hmar, Khoibu, Koireng, Kom, Lamkang, Lusei, Maring, Monsong, Moyon, Paite, Purum, Ralte, Simte, Siyin/Sizang, Sukte, Thado, Tikhup, Vaiphei, Zo leh a dangte Old-Kuki zingah Hrumsawm nge Tukbemsawm tih hriat mai theih loh te, Naga hnama inchhal tate pawh an awm. Tuna Mizoram state hi British hovin administrative area boundary an siamah tlang hrang hrang mihring chenna leh chen lohna ramngaw (forest) zau tak kha khung khawmin Lushai Hills an ti a, forest hausakna pawh Inner Line Regulation hmangin an thunun a, a chhunga awmte chu Hrumsawm leh Tukbemsawm an ni.

Chinlung Chhuakte hi Myanmar, India leh Bangladesh-ahte ṭhen hran kan ni a, kan ram luah chin pawh a zau hle. Chin State pawn Myanmar chhungah tho khian Mizoram state tiat vel daih tur hi kan pi leh pute aṭangin ram kan nei a, Bangladesh-ah pawh Mizoram state hmun thuma ṭhen hmun khat ram kan nei a, anni hian state ngiatin an bei mek bawk. Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura bakah Nagaland-a Mim Kut lawm ṭhin Kuki khaw 26 telin ram kan nei, kan ram luah chin belhkhawm hi Bangladesh nen a intiat vel mai thei, mahse, anni chu mi nuai 1700 chuang daih an ni.

British hun lai khan Chittagong Hills (Bangla-desh) leh Rakhine State (Myanmar) vela Laiho kha Shendoos/Shendus tih te-in an ko ṭhin a, a awmzia chu chal chung/chhipa sam zial, mi kawlhsen, Chin mi tih lam pialte a ni. Chinlung Chhuak zawng zawng hi khawvel pumah mi nuai 40 vel niin an chhut a, LAI hnam Hrumsawm Family hi zirmite chuan mi nuai 22 vel, anmahnia a hlanga an chenna pawh 82,342 sq.km. vela zau niin an sawi. Chu'ngte chu Chin State-a Falam township aṭanga chhimlam zawng, Myanmar hmun dang Chin State hrul Kalay – Kabaw – Gangaw phai phei, Magway Region, Bago Region, Ayeyarwady Region leh Rakhine State-a khaw ṭhahnem tak, Bangladesh-ah Chittagong Hill Tracts chanve, Mizoram State-a Lawngtlai leh Siaha district bakah hmun dangah a hlang deuh leh mi dang nen inawmpawlhin ṭhahnem tak an awm bawk. Mizoram state-a Lai awm zat hi chu Lai hnam pum pui aṭanga chhutin tuifinriata vur tlang lo lawr chhuak ang lek a ni a, lang lo lamah a let tam tak an awm.

Laiho hi an ram luah chin a zauh avang hian tlang hrang hrangah koh dan pawh an ngah hle a, Chin, Kuki, Lai leh Shendoos tih te-in khawvelin an hria. Kum 1897–1926 chhung Mizoram a awm missionary Zosaphluia (Rev DE Jones) khan chal chung/chhipa sam zialho kha 'Chin' tiin a lehkhabuah a ziak a, Captain TH Lewin chuan 'The Hill Tracts of Chittagong and the Dwellers Therein–1869' leh 'Wild Races of South Eastern Asia–1870' lehkhabu-ahte Laiho hi 'Tribe mai ni lovin Nation an ni mah zawk' tiin a ziak. TH Lewin tho hian a lehkhabu 'A fly on the wheel'-ah Lai (Shendoo) hmeichhiate chu an lan dan leh an inthuamna aṭang chuan Europe aṭanga Chittagong-a inkulh, Portugese-ho thlahpawlh ni mai awm an ni a ti.

An unaute ang thoin Laiho hian China aṭangin Tibet an lut a, chhui zaunaah chuan AD 350–400 inkarah Tibet an chhuahsan leh a, Chin Hills hrul Kalay-Kabaw phai hi AD 800–900 velah an thleng. Hetah hian Chindwin lui kam leh a mawng lamah rei tawk tak an cheng a, AD 1000 a lo nih chuan a zau zawngin an kal chhuak tawh a, AD 1500 chho vel chuan a ṭhenin tuna Zawlnuam leh Vairengte khu an pel mek bawk.

Myanmar-a Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) lui kam phai zawl lei ṭhatna lamah Asho-ho an thleng thla a, Asho-Chin tia hriat lar an ni. Asho-ho hi an unaute ang lo taka hmun hniam leh zawla awm an nih avangin Plain-Chin an ti. Tun dinhmuna mi 2,00,000 vel nia chhut Asho-ho hian tuna Chin State hi lut lovin Chindwin lui an zawh thla zel a, Ayeyarwady Region, Magway Region, Bago Region, Rakhine State leh Chittagong-ahte an awm. Keimahni Chinlung Chhuak hrim hrim hi Rakhine State-ah khuan kan pi leh pute aṭanga kan khaw hlun ngeiah mi 1,20,000 vel an awm mek a, hlawm lian takin Laitu, Mro, Sumtu leh a dangte an awm.

Chin Hills-a Lai khawpui hmasa ber chu AD 1300 vela an din Simpi niin In 800 khua a ni a, chumi hnuah Sunthla leh Lailun, Phaileng leh Zotlang te din zelin hmun dangah te an kal darh zel a, AD 1400 vel khan tuna Chin State capital city ni ta Halkha hi an din leh a ni. Halkha hi hnam dangin Hakha tia an lam pial avangin Myanmar sorkar-ah Hakha tia ziak a ni. Chinlung Chhuakte hi tlangrama chengsa ve réng kan ni lova, China, Tibet leh Kalay-Kabaw phai aṭanga tlang kan luh tak tak hi chu tun hnu thil zawk a ni. Chin Hills an luh khan tlang thengthaw leh vawt a lo awm a, an khaw hmasa pakhat pawh Zotlang tiin an vuah. Lai ṭawngin Zo tih hi tlang hmun thengthaw leh vawt sawina a ni.

Chinlung Chhuakte hi Myanmar-ah chuan Chin tia koh vek kan ni a, Chin tih hming ziaka hmuh theih hla ber chu AD 1100-a Chindwin Valley-a Pagan lal lung ziakah a ni. Burmese Empire hnuhnung ber Konbaung Dynasty (1752 to 1885) hunlai chanchin ziahnaah kum 1755 khan an lal Alaungpaya khan Syriam (Rangoon bul) do turin Lai (Chin) sipaiho a ruai tih; G.E. Harvey chuan History of Burma lehkhabuah a ziak. Chittagong Hill Tracts Gazette 1909 a tihchhuah a inziakah chuan, 24 June 1787 khan Arakan lalin an bul vela awmte chungchang Chittagong lal hnena lehkha a thawnah Lai hnam chungchang hi a lo thailang tawh bawk. Heta Laiho hi Bawm, Pangkhua, Sunthla ti tein a sawi. Sunthla a tih hi Hlawncheu ho an ni a, an pathum hian hnam hming ni lovin an chhuahna khaw 'group' hming a ni. Chittagong Hills-a kan unau Kuki tia koh Bawm leh mi dangte khu Sunthla aṭanga Hlawncheu lal hova kal thla an ni a, an hruaitu hi Lawngtlai khaw dintu lalte thlahtu Vanhnuaitlir Hlawncheu a ni, vawiin thlengin Chittagong Hill Tracts-a Chinlung Chhuakte ram khu Bawmram ti tein an sawi. Bawm chu Lai hnama group pakhat a ni a, Halkha chhuak niin an ṭawng pawh Lai ṭawng a ni. Anni lo pawh hi group dang Asho, Khumi, Mro leh a dangte Rakhine State lam aṭanga lut an awm bawk. Myanmar hmar lama kan unau Kachin-ho pawh khi chhipa sam zial an ni a, an ram leilung a hausa a, tunlaia an inchuh luaih luaih rare earth mineral pawh Myanmar-a awm zawng zawng deuhthaw an ramah a awm. Kachin thawnthuah chuan 'nangni Chin (Chinlung Chhuak) leh keini Kachin hi unau kan ni a, nangni hi a upa zawk in ni' an ti.

Tun hnai maia Siaha-a NGO chungchang thil thlengah khan Mara hming a lar hle a, Mara-te hi tute nge an nih? Mara tih hi amah chauha en mai chuan hnam hrang daih emaw, inla hrang emawa ngaih theihte pawh a ni maithei. Mara area Siaha district hi Hrumsawm zinga Halkha Royal Family panga Chinzah, Zathang, Hlawnchhing, Khenglawt leh Hlawncheu te zinga Chinzah leh Hlawnchhing lalna ram a ni, British hnuah lal dang ṭhenkhat awm mah se. Falam, Halkha, Thantlang chhuak an nih vanga LAI ni lovin hmana China aṭanga LAI tih an ni a, Central Kingdom People tihna a ni.

Mara Group awmna Hrumsawm Family hi culture lian leh hausa tak, a chhunga tlang dung hrang hranga inbiakna dialect hrang hrang awm thliah a ni a, mahse chu chu an inlak hran vang ni lovin culture hausak vang zawk a ni. Lawngtlai leh Siaha hi Halkha Family-te din ve ve an nih avangin an hnam hming leh dress pawh a inang zel a, tuna Tlosai (Mara) ṭawng tih te, Halkha ṭawng tihte hi Siaha-ho ta ve ve tho a ni a, Siaha tlangah Tlosai an hmang deuh tih a ni mai. Chinzah–Chozah, Zathang–Zawtha, Hlawnchhing–Hlycho, Khenglawt–Khaila, Bawinu–Beino, Sarlamkai–Solakia, Tivapi–Chavapi (Lui) tihte hi an hlimthla a inang vek a, hlimthla tih hi xerox/duplicate tihna ni lovin, nihna leh awmze inang tihna a ni a, Laiholh Family ve ve an ni.

Inpumkhatna chungchang kan sawiin state leh international ramri inkham karah chi leh kuang a tam em em a, han en mai chuan engtikah mah theih loh tur ang hial tein a lang ṭhin. Inpumkhat kan hrilhfiah dan hi inan lohna nei awm khawm 'Unity in Diversity' nge, a mal chauh 'Uniformity'? History kan ziah dan hi ngun takin en ila, Chinlung Chhuak history leh culture hi lehkhabu ni ta se, phek 1000 laia chhah kha phek 5 leka khai kana khai kual kan tum chuan a zo dawn lova a tla darh nuaih ang, a bu pumin hmer ila inchen ṭhap insi ṭhapin an awm mai dawn a ni. Vawiina kan society dinhmun ang hi England-ah chuan kum 1000 chuang liam tawhah khan an lo kal pel tawh a, keiniah chuan hun leh kum lo la awm turah stage eng emaw zat inchherchhuan tur kan la hmabak a ni.

Chinlung Chhuak hi linguistic ang zawngin G-Group/non-R leh R-Group-a ṭhen kan ni a, heng Lai R-Group, Mar G-Group/non-R–Gangte, Paite, Ralte, Simte, Siyin/Sizang, Sukte, Thado/Kuki, Vaiphei, Zo leh a dangte, Mar R-Group–Biate, Halam, Hmar, Kom, Lusei leh a dangte bakah G/Non-R nge R tih hriat mai theih loh an awm nual bawk.

History chhuizauna tam tak chuan Mar R-Group ṭawng zingah tuna Hmar ṭawng hi Mizo ṭawng tihte, Duhlian ṭawng tihtea kan sawi 'u' hi a ni an ti. Hmar ṭawng leh Mizo ṭawng/Duhlian ṭawng hi an hlimthla en ila, a inmil zel a ni. Myanmar-a mi ṭhenkhat tlem té leh Mizorama inthuamna pakhat Puanlaisen/Puanchei, Kawrchei leh Ngotekherh te hi Assam leh Manipur-a Hmar hnam a hlanga khawsaten 'kan thuam' tiin hman aṭang tawhin an inthuam ṭhin.

Ṭawng thuah chuan Laiholh dialect eng emaw zat zingah Chin State capital language, LADC Lawngtlai official language leh Bangladesh-a Kuki/Bawm ṭawng Halkha ṭawng chu Google Translate-ah nikum 2024 June thla khan dah luh a ni a, Hakha-Chin tiin a awm, google search-ah emaw app emaw download-in a hman theih a, a dik (accurate) phian bawk. Halkha ṭawng hi USA-a Chinmi 60,000 chuang te, Australia-a mi 10,000 chuangte bridge language a ni a, school leh college-ahte pawh an zir tawh a, Canada, New Zealand, Europe ram hrang hrang, Asia ram Malaysia, Thailand leh a dangte bakah Delhi-ahte hmang an awm ṭeuh tawh. 'Ṭawng' tih thumal hi Lai ṭawng chuan 'Holh' a ni a, Laiholh tih hian Lai hnam zawng zawng ṭawng tihna a ni. Google Translate-a dah luh Halkha hi chu Laiholh basic ang chauhah ngai ta ila, Laiholh dialect zawng zawng aṭangin Standard Laiholh pawh a la awm mai ang.

Lai ṭawng hi tlang hrang hrangah eng emaw zat a awm a, ṭawng ṭhenkhat Halkha, Khualsim, Laizo, Matu, Ngawn, Tlosai (Mara), Zanniat ṭawngte ho hi an hlimthla a inmil zel a ni. History-ah chuan Hmar leh Lai hi unau an ni a, Lai hi a u zawk Hmar hi a nau zawk tiin kan inhlanchhawng. Lai ṭawng zinga a 'u'-a an sawi Halkha ṭawng thiam chuan Laiholh dang thiam a awl a, dialect hran ve vea thu sawi si-in an titi thei bawk. Hmar ṭawng leh Lai ṭawng hi a eng emaw zawk zawk thiam chuan an inan zia an sawi fo ṭhin. Laiholh leh Mar R-Group inhriattawn a awl ang chiahin Mar G-Group/Non-R nen pawh chutiang bawk chu a ni. Chi hrang tam tak hrui sei tak a veh kual nuaih ngai leh, hlin fuh har tak anga lang hi felfai taka suihzawm theih ni maite pawh hian a lang ṭhin.

Hrumsawm Family Group hrang hrang alphabetical order-in, kim lo pawh a awm maithei:

1. Asho

2. Bawm

3. Chaungtha

4. Cho/K'cho

5. Daai

6. Fanai

7. Halkha

8. Khuafo

9. Khualsim

10. Khumi

11. Laitu

12. Laizo

13. Lautu

14. Laymyo

15. Lente

16. Lungwah/Lunghawh

17. Lungzarh

18. Mara

19. Matu

20. Mro/Khami

21. Ngawn

22. Pang

23. Phadei/Bualkhaw

24. Rungtu/Taungtha

25. Sakta

26. Senthang

27. Sim

28. Songlai

29. Sumtu

30. Sunthla

31. Tapong

32. Tawr

33. Thantlang

34. Tlaisun (Falam)

35. Tlanglau

36. Uppu

37. Zahau

38. Zanniat

39. Zokhua

40. Zophei

41. Zotung 

- Zohma Chinzah, Ph : 8731993887