Hnam thlan ni bik lote u, tho r’u le – 3

Tute emaw hlawkna tura an duh lai chauh an târ lan hmu ṭhin tân chuan mit leh beng pakhat chiah neih a awl ang. Chu hriatna dâwt pakhat chauha mi tam zawkin khawvel politics inlûmlet kan lo hriat ṭhin ni lo lam – hnam thlan nia sakhaw bu ṭhenkhatte’n an chhâl Zionist political ideology kengtu Israel fate’n Palestine ram an luah theihna tura râwngra taka an chet dan he thupui thawh 3-naah hian kan thlir ho ang.

Ram ruak an ti maw!

Kum 1800 chho khan Europe-a Kristian ziakmi leh ram hruaitute khan “A land without a people for a people without a land” tih thu hi an sawi lar hle a. Kristian evangelical-te aṭanga inṭan a ni nghe nghe. Scottish minister Alexander Keith te, English Kristian politician Lord Shaftesburyt te leh Kristian ziakmi Laurence Oliphant te kha a meizang hlaptu ber an ni. Ṭhenkhat thu vuakthlak danin heng thu an sawi chiam chhan chu Kristian sakhaw hrilhlawkna aṭangin Judaten Palestine ram an luah theihna tura fuihna a ni. Zionist-te vêk pawhin he thu bawk hi an hmachhuan leh a. Kum 1901 chho khan ziakmi Israel Zangwill-a khan Palestine ram chu hnamte’n an luah loh ram a ni a, Juda ho hi hnam lian tak ni si, ram nei lo an nih thu kha a sawi a, Juda hote’n Palestine ram an luahna tura fuih kaltu pakhat a tling.

Palestine hi ram ruak a nih thu awih tur chuan chatuana dâwt muhlum pawh thu dik a nih phawt a ngai ang. ‘Truth From Eretz Israel’ tiha kan hmuh angin, Juda mi fing Ahad Ha'am khan kum 1891-a Palestine ram a tlawh ṭumin Palestinian-te’n ram chu thlai chingin kum tam tak an lo luah lûm tawh thu a târ lang. Kum 1914-a Ottoman chhiarpuiah khan Palestine ramah mi 7,00,000 chuang an cheng a, a tam zawk chu Palestinian Arab an ni (Khalidi, Palestinian Identity, 1997). Kan hriat tur pawimawh tak chu ram ruak anga sawina hi ṭawngkam satliah a ni ngawt lo, nghawng thûk tak a nei. ‘The Question of Palestine’ tih lehkhabua kan hmuh angin, Edwaid Said khan a nghawng rilzia a man thiam khawp mai. Palestinian history vaivuta phûm bo a, a aia colonial narrative hmanna a ni, tiin a sawi hial a nih kha. He ram ruak ngaihdan hi colonial thurin ‘Tera nullius’ (ram ruak) nena thuhmun, European hoin Australia leh America ram an luah luha an sawi dan nena mi inang sa inang an ni.

Juda firfiak râl lian a râwng lua e

Arab lam firfiakte chauh mi tam zawk chuan kan hre mai thei. Judate zingah pawh firfiak pawl lian tak tak an awm nuk. Palestine rama Israel sawrkar a din theihna tura tha thawh nasa ber an ni. Ka tih kha, hriatna dâwt pakhat chauh ring tân chuan thu dik hriat a har fo ṭhin. Kum 1940 chho, Israel state pian hma khan Zionist underground group eng emaw zatin British colonial thuneitute leh Palestinian mipuite râwng takin an bei ṭhin. Chûng terrorist pawl lian zualte chu Irgun (Etzel), Lehi (Stern Gang) leh Haganah te an ni. Irgun hi kum 1931 khan an indin ṭan. A hruaitu langsar tak chu Israel Prime Minister ni ta Menachem Begin a ni. German Nazi leh fascist pawl ṭhenkhatte nen sawi zawm an ni fo mai. An bitum ber chu khatih hun laia Palestine thununtu British sipaite leh Palestinian mipuite an ni. Kum 1946 July thla khan King David Hotel, Jerusalem-a mi chu an bomb a. British, Arab leh Juda mi 91 an thi. A hun laia terrorist chetna rapthlak berte zinga mi a ni. (Morris, Righteous Victims, 1999) Lehi (stern gang) phei hi chu Italy fascist pawlte leh Nazi Germany te nen British sawrkar beihna kawngah thawhhona ṭha tak nei an ni a, sawrkar mi pawimawh thah tâk pawh an ngah. Haganah hi Juda sipai pawl lian ber, a hnua Israel Defence Forces (IDF) ni ta kha an ni. Kum 1948 khan Palestinian-te an ram aṭanga nawr chhuahna Nakba-ah khan tha thawh nasa ber leh che râwng ber an ni.

Juda firfiakte chetna langsar tak pakhat chu Jerusalem bul, Dein Yassin hmuna râwng taka Palestinian pawi sawi lote suatna kha a ni. Juda terroist Irgun leh Lehi te khan Palestinian mi 100 chuang an that a, hmeichhia leh naupang pawh sawi loin an vaihma vek! He thil thleng avang hian Palestine ram chu a râlkhel ta hle. Hla phuah thiam Rokunga'n, “Tu nge lo kal, hriat loh chhingkhual a ni, Eheu! Eheu! Lêm ang der thiam a ni,” a tih ang mai khan chhingkhual Juda ho, Pathian hnam thlan intite chuan he ram bial chhunga kum tam tak lo khawsa tawh Palestinian-te chu hlauhna thirkhaidiata hlingin, an ram ngeiah an rap bet! Historian-te chuan he thil thleng hi Nakba hun laia Palestinian 7,00,000 chuang ûm chhuahna atan thil pawimawh tak a nih thu an sawi. (Pappé, The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine, 2006).

Historian IIan Pappé leh Benny Morris te chuan heng Juda firfiakte chetna hi an politics ramtiam a thlenna tur vek a nih thu an sawi a. Mak tak main heng pawl hruaitu hlui Menachem Begin (Irgun) leh Yitzhak Shamir (Lehi) te pawh a hnuah Israel ram hruaitu an nih tâk avangin Juda firfiakte chetna râwng tak kha Israel state politics-ah normalize a nih phah a, Israel ram chanchina thil thleng pangngai, thil pawm nahawm tak a nih zui phah ta daih!

Nakba: Saltan inṭanna chu

Palestinian 7,00,000 chuang an ram aṭanga Israel-te’n an ûm chhuahna leh râwng taka Palestinian chunga an chetna kha 'Nakba' (chhiatna rapthlak) tia an koh tak chu a ni. Kum 1948-a Israel sawrkarin zalênna a puan ṭuma thil thleng a ni, hei hi. Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi sawi danin, Palestinian khawpui leh khaw 500 chuang chu tihchhiat a ni a, he chhiatna hi indona avanga lo awm mai ni loin, Palestinian mite ûm chhuah an nih theih nana ruahmanna fel tak siam lawk saa Israel sawrkarin a tihchhiatna policy a ni. Israel historian IIan Pappé pawhin he thil thleng hi a hnam anga tihboral tumna chi khat a ni a ti hial. Historian Benny Morris-a târ lan danin, Lydda leh Ramle khawpuiah phei chuan Palestinian mi 70,000 chuang chu silai hmangin an hnawt chhuak. Tin, heng khua tihchhiat a nih hnuah hian Israel sipaite chuan an lo kir leh loh nan an chenna in an tichhia a. Israel sawrkarin dan lamah pawh ṭan khawhin, ‘Absentees’ Property Law (1950)’ a pass bawk. He dan hi Palestinian ram danga râltlante’n an kalsan an ram leh thil neih laksak a, Juda mi pêm lut tharte hnena sem a nih theihna tura tih a ni. Tichuan, kha Nakba hun thim tak aṭang khan Palestinian-te chu Israel sawrkar nunrawng tak vangin Gaza, West Bank, Jordan, Lebanon leh Syria ramah râltlan bûk sain, harsa takin an khawsak phah ta.

Nakba hun thim hi thawnthu hlui a la ni ngawt lo, vawiin thleng hian Israel sawrkarin hnuaichhiahin a rapbet a. UN Resolution 194-a Palestinian râltlante dikna chanvo pe let tura tihna pawh Israel sawrkar chuan chaw tak khûkpui duh loin, a chhin bosan hmak. An lakah chuan Palestinian-te hi mihring an ni pha ve lo a ni mahna! Kum 1967 indonaa Israel-in khawvel sawrkar lian puihna azara hnehna a chan hnu phei kha chuan West Bank, Gaza leh East Jerusalem chu awp betin, Palestinian-te chu sipai thununna hnuaiah duh tâwkin a rap hrual vel a ni ber e!

Hamas kan dem bik ang maw?

Israel leh Hamas inkara buaina hi tun hnai thil mai a ni lo. Hun rei tak aṭangin a inmung tawh. Hamas hi Palestinian Islamist movement a ni a, political party leh râlthuam keng pawl a ni bawk. Sawrkar tam tak chuan firfiak pawl an ti thung. Hamas hi kum 1987-a First Intifada (Palestinian-te’n an dikna chanvo suala an helna) thlen laia din, Muslim Brotherhood’s charity leh Gaza-a social network aṭanga lo chhuak a ni. Kum 1970 leh 1980 chhoah khan Israel sawrkarin heng Islamist pawlte hi a thlawp a, a chhan chu Israel-te’n an hmelma lian ber nia a ngaih secular Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) dodaltu anga ngaih an nih vang a ni. Israel vulh len an nih chu, daih mai a! Israeli historian leh political scientist Avner Cohen-a pawhin Israel vulh len a nih thu pawmin, pawi a tih thu a sawi chhuak hial (Higgins, Wall Street Journal, 2009).

Kum 2006 khan Palestinian inthlanpuiah Hamas chuan hnehna changin, Gaza chu an thunun leh a. Six Day War zawh hnu khan Israel-in a luah tur chin ramri UN-in a pek bak West Bank, East Jerusalem leh Gaza a a awp zui kan tih tawh kha. Hetih rual hian, a armed wing, Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades te chuan Israel lakah beihpui an thlak ve bawk. Mi thiam leh human right group tam tak chuan Israel-in hun rei tak chhung Palestinian-te a tihduhdah dan thlir loin, Hamas tharum thawhna hi hriat thiam theih a ni lo niin an sawi a. Apartheid system tia thlang sapte’n an sawi mai – a hnam anga mi thliar hranna leh endawng bikna hi Israel-in ṭhangkhat lian tehmeuh Palestinian ram a awp zuite hnenah a chelek a, Gaza ram pawh sipai chakna hmanga dang chepin (blockade) Palestinian-te a thunun bet tlat. He sipai chakna hmanga dan chepna hian Gaza economy a nghawng na hle a, damdawi leh ei tur a tlem a, harsatna nasa tak an tawk (UN OCHA, 2022). He rahbehna hi Hamas-in Palestinian ṭhenkhat zingah thlawpna a hmuh chhan ber a ni. Tichuan, October ni 7, 2023-a Hamas-in khati hun chhung zawnga Israel-in an rahbehna chu an chhang let. Hman aṭanga Judate’n Palestinian-te chungah an khawsak dan te, khawvel sawrkar lian thlawptu a neih avanga Israel ram a ṭhan tak uak uak hnuah leh sawrkar chak tak a nih hnuah pawh Palestinian-te awp bet a, an dikna chanvo an ngaihthahna kal zel chu pai dai thei ngang loin, an rawn che chhuak ta a nih hi! Pawisak an neih loh vang hrim hrim a ni lo, pawisak pawh nei loa awmtirtu leh firfiaka siamtu an awm vang a ni zawk tih hai rual a ni lo.

Kristianna leh Antisemiticism: Kristian nih chuan Israel ṭan tur em ni?

Kristian tarmit aṭanga kan thlir hlei hlei hian a ni Israel sawrkar hi demawm ni. Mahni mihringpuite heti taka han diriam a, han hnuaichhiah mai chu a dik lo – Exodus bua Pathian thupek te, Zawlneibu leh Isua zirtirna aṭanga ka enin. Tin, hnam thlan an nihna hi Kristiante’n an ṭan chhan ber niin a lang. He thupui thawh 1-naah leh thawh 2-naah hnam thlan theology kan târ lan tawh aṭanga kan enin a dik thei lo kan tih tawh kha.

Philosopher leh political theorist ropui Noam Chomkhy chuan Christian Zionism hi Jewish Zionism aia hmasa leh nghawng nei lian tak a ni a ti. Balfour Declaration hmanga British-hoin Juda ram din an thlawpna hmasa ber pawh Christian Zionism nghawng a nih thu leh US sawrkarin Israel a pâwng ṭan ngawt chhan pawh Christian Zionism hi a chhhan lian tak pakhat a nih thu a sawi. Kristiante’n Israel ram an thlawp chhan nia lang chu Dispensationalism hi a ni awm e. Israel ram dinna hian Bible hrilhlawkna a tihlawhtling a ni tih rinna leh Isua lo kal lehna nena inzawm tlat anga an pawm vang a ni a tih theih ang. Old Testament scholar-a mi challang, hman ni lawka fam ta Walter Brueggemann-a khan Bible hian hrilhlawkna hlen chhuah nâna mi ram leh a rama chengte awpbehna lam ni loin, dikna, rinawmna leh tihduhdah tuarte ngaihsakna lam a ngaihtuah ber a ni, a ti ve thung. A lehkhabu ‘Theology of the Old Testament’-ah khan Pathian thutiamte chu tute emaw duh dana politics ramtiam hlen chhuahna tur ni loin, ethical responsibility leh community chungchang a ni tih a sawifiah. Mi ram awp bettute leh hneh chuhtute’n an phat mar nana Pathian thu an hman hian Pathian thiltum hrilh fiah dik lohna a ni a, mi dangte tihduhdahna a thlen thei a, hei hian Bible zirtirna a kalh.

Kristian activist-te’n Israel leh Palestine chungchanga US kohhran leh sawrkar policy thlak danglamna turin kum 1979 leh 1981 khan La Grange Declarations an siam a. Kum 1979-a an thupuanah khan Israel ram policy sawiselin, Palestinian-te’n anmahnia ro hran an rel an thlawp a, US-in Israel a thlawpna chu tihtawp an phût. Kum 1981-a an thupuanah khan Israel-in sakhaw thurin hmanga an chet dan râwng tak a dik nia an chhâl chu dodalin, US sawrkarin râlthuama Israel a vûr vak pawh an dodal thu kan hmu bawk. He thupuan pahnih hi right wing Christian evangelical-te leh chhan leh vang awm loa Israel ṭan burtute dodalna movement a ni tih a chiang awm e.

Tlipna: Hun thim kan hmachhawn mek

Khawvelah insuatna leh inpâwng thahna rapthlak tak tak a lo thleng fo tawh. History-ahte kan zir a, rapthlak kan tiin, kan dem hle ṭhin. Tunah kan hmuh phâk ngeiah chuti ang khawpa rapthlak chu Palestine mipuite chungah a thleng mek. History a nih hunah chiah kan vein kan dem dawn em ni? A hun lai hian khawvel hi au chhuakin, titâwp turin ke a pên thei lo em ni? Hnam bil hmangaih uchuakna rah chhuah chu hun thimah changin khawvel hian a hmachhawn leh mek a. Hnam bil ni loa mihring kan nihna zawk ngai pawimawh hmasain, he hun thim tak ata hi hnam thlan ni bik lote u, tho r'u le. 

-Davis Hriatpuia