Gujarat zin thu

Joseph L. Ralte

Entrepreneurship tihhmasawn lam leh Mizoram ei leh bara intodelh state kan nih theihna tura phak ang tawk tawka veitu ka lo nih ve avangin Gujarat-a an tihdante zir tura Mizoram sorkarin high level team a dinah member pakhat ni turin min telh ve hlauh mai a. Planning Minister Pu Lalsawta hoin November ni 23-26 khan Gujarat khawpui Ahmedabad leh a chhehvel thingtlang khaw ṭhenkhat bakah Amul hmunpui Anand-te kan tlawh a, kan ram tan engemaw ti kawng talin danglamna thlentu a nih ngei ka ring tlat a ni.

Gujarat leh Mizoram chu tehkhin chi rual a ni lo. Mizoramah mihring nuai 11 zet kan awm a, Gujarat-ah mihring nuai 620 vel zet an awm a. An engkim mai han zawt chiang ila kum 60 kal taa bul ṭan, an pi leh pu aṭanga bul ṭan an lo ni fur a. Keini chu bul ṭantir, engkim mai hi a
bulṭanna (first generation initiatives) a ni deuh vek mai. An tihdan leh kalphung ṭha ṭha lachhawng ngawt thei lo mah ila an hnenah zir tur kan va ngah em. Tunlai economist te’n ram ṭhanna atan midangte tihdan zir (learning from others) pawimawhzia hria a, rilru inhawng taka kan sorkar hotute hmalakna a fakawm ka ti hle. UT kan nih hnu-ah pawh kum 30 vel state kan ni leh tawh a. Kan kuthnathawktu, loneitute an la rethei bet reng a. An tan kalphung mumal kan la siam thei lova. Kawla ni chhuak chhiara hah taka thawkte aiin kharchhawng (commission agents) te an hlawk ber a, kan la tifuh thei lo. A thawk hah ber group an rethei ber a, leirem an rap hlei thei lo. Chu hun thim chu kan hotute’n hun ṭha zawka her chhuahtir tumin ṭan an la ta hi a lawmawm hle mai. Hetiang deuh hi a tlangpuia ka Gujarat zinin ka hmuh dan a ni e:-

Contract Farming/

Open Farming leh loneitute

Gujarat-ah chuan thlai thlan bikah rate hre saa thlai chin (contract farming) mumal takin an kalpui a. A lei duhtu leh loneitute inzawmkhawm (society/ producer) te’n sorkar hriatpuina-in an thlai thar chhuah tur zawng zawng leisak thu-ah inremna (contractual agreement) an ziak lawk vek a. Farmer-te hnenah sorkarin an mamawh leiṭha leh tui a pe a. Thlai a lo thar a, a leitu turin a intiamna rate angin an thlai thar a leisak em tih sorkarin a enpui a, thlawhhma hmun (farm gate)-ah a leitu company lamin an lei mai a ni. Sorkarin pawisa faiin tu farmer hnenah mah ṭanpuina sum a pe lova, an mamawh thil hneh takin a pe mai thung.

Thlai an chin chhungin a leitu company leh Horticulture emaw Agriculture department-in an thil chin hrisel leh hrisel loh bakah a hun taka thlai an seng theih nan hunbi neiin an tlawh reng a. An thlai hralhna pawisa chu a leitu chuan ni 3-7 chhungin an bank account-ah a leitute’n an thunsak leh mai. Farmer-te chuan khawkheng te, tuilian leh thildang avanga an thar tur zat thar lova an tawrh theihna tur laka an inven nan thlai lu man venna (crop insurance) scheme mumal takin an nei a. Chu pawh chu sorkarin a kalpui lova private insurance company-te’n an kalpui vek mai a ni.

Gujarat-ah chuan thlaiin rah a chhuah hma (pre-harvest period) ang tlukin rah a chhuah hnu enkawl (post-harvest management) an ngaipawimawh a. Thlai tharte tangkaa chantir lai tak chu ‘post harvest’ lai kha a ni tih an hre chiang hle mai. Thlai thar leitu company chuan an thlai lei chu an mumal takin an sawngbawl a. A lian leh a te an thliar (sorting) a, an silfai a, ṭawih hma leh ṭawih hma lo chu a dahṭhatna hmun warehousing leh cold storage-ah an dah a. Chu’ng warehouse leh cold storage chu Gujarat pumah 600 vel an nei. Chu’ng kudam leh thil dahṭhatnate chu sorkar ta ni lovin entrepreneur leh agri-preneur te ta a ni. Kudam leh cold storage-ah chuan loneitute leh mimal a duh duhin man chawiin an thlaite an va dah
ṭha mai ṭhin. Kudam leh cold storage din duhte chuan loan an la a, state sorkarin 30%-in a do let (subsidize) ve mai a ni.

Contract farming hnuaia lut lo, a leitu nena inbiakrem lawkna nei lote tan an thlai tharte rate awmze nei, mumal leh a hlawma an hralhna hmun tur ‘Mandi’ an siam a. Mandi-ah chuan thlai leitu ni tura sorkara in-register chauhvin a hlawmin thlai an lei thei a. Farmer erawh a duh duhin an hralh thei thung. Chutiang ‘mandi’ chu Ahmedabad district-ah ringawt pawh hmun 136 velah an nei. Mipui nawlpui mamawh thlai (alu, purunsen, dal etc.) te pawh zuarchhawngtu-in a duh duh zatin a man a bituk mai lova, sorkarin a siam fel (regulate) vek ṭhin niin min hruaikualtu Jatinbai Patel, Horticulture Officer chuan a sawi.

Cooperative movement

leh loneitute

Gujarat-ah chuan Cooperative movement leh Agriculture hi a inzawm tlat. Mahatma Gandhi lo zik chhuahna state a nih vangte pawh a ni ang. Cooperative movement a lian a, Gujarati mi pali zela mi pakhat hi cooperative movement-ah an tel hial. Loneitute chuan awmze nei takin Cooperative Society an nei a, a leichhawngtu rual pawhin society mumal an nei vek.

Shivpura Kampa khuaa an Primary Agriculture Credit Cooperative Society (PACS) kan va tlawh chuan keima mimal ngaihdan lo neih ve ṭhin min thlaktir dawrh mai. Mizoramah hian ‘cooperative society’ hi thingtlang khaw tin deuh thaw-ah kan nei a. Society hlawhtling tak tak awm mahse a tam zawk hi an ropui lem lo niin ka hmu. Shivpura Kampa khuaa an PACS kalpui dan ang hian Mizoram hmun tinah ti ve thei dawn ila ‘cooperative movement’ hi vahvaihpui ka chak hle mai. He khuaa mipui zaa 90 chu society-ah an inhnamhnawih a, an inpeizawn tlang a ni. District CoOp Bank aṭanga a pung tlema sum an puk chu an inpuk chhawntir a. Leilet mamawh hmanrua, thlai chi leh leiṭha thlengin man tlawmin an zuar a. Nitin mamawh eichawp dailuah, chini, chi, buhfai adt. chu dawr dang aia tlawmin an zuar a. Loan rulh kawnga che ṭha lo deuhte chu an infuih tawn a, a ṭul leh an inpui tawn a. Society member zawng zawngte tan life insurance leh health insurance an ti vek mai bawk. An society chu mahni ta ang vekin an en a, an kum khata pawisa virvel chu cheng nuai 700 zet a ni.

Ahmedabad khawpui chhunga an District Coop. Bank chuan branch 189 an nei a. Loneitute tana loan an pek chhuah interest rate chu 1% a ni. Loan rul ṭhat lam chu 97% a ni. He District bank hian PACS kaltlang deuh vekin loan an pe chhuak a, an inrelbawlnaah sorkar a inrawlh miah lo. Sorkar thuneitute’n an duhsak zawngte loan an pek luih tir lo. An Dy. General Manager chuan “Sorkar kan mamawh lova, kan bank pawisa virkual aṭangin hlep kan ngah a, 2015 - 2016 inkarah cheng nuai 1450 profit kan nei,” a ti hep mai. Mak deuh mai chu he bank hi hlep nei lo (loss making bank) an ni ṭhin a. Tuna BJP president ni ta, Amit Shah hian term khat chhung Chairman hna a thawk a, hlep siam (profit making bank) ah a siam thei tih chapo takin he bank hotute hian an sawi.

Thlai thar chhuah hralh lehna kalkawngah hian Gujarat kalphung hi a awhawm. Agriculture, Horticulture leh Cooperation lam hi a kalkawp tlat a. Department pakhat ‘Agriculture and Cooperation’ hnuaiah an awm vek a. Director hran ṭheuh an nei mai. Gujarat state pumah hian Agriculture Produces Marketing Committee (APMC) hi hmun hrang hrang 217-ah awm riap mai. APMC hian thlai thar hralh chhuah ringawt an buaipui a. Mandi ringawt hi 400 vel zet an nei a. Market Yards hi hmun 213 ah an nei. Unjha khuaa an market yard chu Asia khawmualpuia thlai thar lei leh hralh khuahkhirhna hmun lian ber (Asia’s biggest regulated vegetable market) niin an sawi. Heng zawng zawng hi Cooperative movement leh loneitute hamṭhatna an kal hlawhtlinpui dan a ni e.

Outsourcing leh entrepreneur-te

Gujarat-ah chuan engkim hi sorkarin tih a tum lo. An bus terminal a ni emaw cold storage a ni emaw a kalphung tur sorkarin a ruahmansak a. Entrepreneur rintlak te’n hma an la a, sorkar buaipui ngai miah lovin felfai takin a kal muah muah mai a ni. Ahmedabad khawpuia an bus thlen khawmna (bus terminal) hmun pakhat Ranip Bus Terminal kan tlawh a. A building lei hnuai lam zawng chu motor tenau park-na atan an hmang a. Kawngpui an-ah bus station an siam a. Building chhawng chung lamah shopping mall an dah leh mai a. Mipui an zi nuaih nuaih a, chu hmun chu sorkar ta niawm tak a ni. Mahse, entrepreneur pakhat Ranip-a leh a hote ta a ni.

Chandrala thingtlang khuaa cold storage lian zet, MT 80,000 dah theihna hmun kan va kal a. A chheh vela loneitu leh leikhawmtu company te’n an inhman ṭawm a. Thlai chi hrang hrang an tiang vum ther thur a. Chu pawh chu mimal, agripreneur pakhat Kamal Jalan-a ta a ni. Cheng vaibelchhe 7 zet loan a la a, state sorkarin vaibelchhe 2-in an dolet ve a. A cold storage-a thlai an dah man atan kg khatah Rs. 1.75 zel a lo dawng ve mai a. Jalan-a chuan “Kum 5 chhungin ka loan hi ka rul zo thei ang,” a ti. Loan a lak dawnin dahkham leh guarantor enge ngai tih chu “He project hi amah leh amah a indah kham a, ka security chu a ni mai,” a ti. Horticulture Officer Jatinbai Patel-a chuan “Hetiang cold storage hi Gujarat pumpuiah 600 vel kan nei,” a ti.

Hmanlai aṭang tawhin Gujarati ho hi ‘born entrepreneur’ an tih ang kha an ni ve hrim hrim a. Thilthar leh tihdan thar an thiam (innovative) a, an tlovin an taima (hard-working) a, sum peipun leh tihvir vel (investment) an thiam em em nia sawi an ni. Hmun tam tak kan tlawh lo naa chu chu a tak tak a ni tih kan hmuin ka hria. An cooperative movement pawh entrepreneurship rilru an pu a. Mimal sumdawnna (individual entrepreneurship) mai bakah a huho sumpai khawih (social entrepreneurship) lamah an sanzia a lo lang a. An PACS kalphung zawng zawng hi zir tham, keini’n entrepreneurship development kan tih ṭan ve bek bek lai hian mel za tam tak min lo tlansan hman der mai.

Anand khawpuia Amul hmunpui

Ka tlawh chak em em, Amul dintu Dr. Vargese Kurien-a chanchin pawh ka lo chhiar ve hlei hlui tawh kan va tlawh chu a nuam ka va ti em! Amedabad aṭanga Anand khua chu highway zau chi (expressway) a ni a. Kawng han ṭhatzia leh han nawmzia chu sap ram kawngpui ang tho a ni.

He Anand khuaa Amul history hi lehkhabua ziah tham a ni a, thawhrimna leh tei rei peihna rah a ni a, a va hlu em! Kum 1946-a Bawnghnute litre 250
aṭanga bul ṭanin tunah hian an kum khat sumpai virvel chu vaibelchhe 4825 a lo ni ta. An thil siam chhuah chuan Tongkolong aṭanga Hongkong, Madrid aṭanga Mamit, Tokyo aṭanga Hortoki a tuam chhuak vek ta mai.

Kan bible-in “Thawhrimnaah hlawkna a awm,” a tih kha he lai hmunah hian a takin ka hmu. Bawng vulhtu rethei te te bawnghnute an lakkhawm chu butter, ghee, powder, cheese, paneer, cream, sweets, ice cream, chocolate adt ah an siam a. India ram economy siamtu pawimawh ber pakhatah a lo ding chhuak ta a ni. Ran chaw leh vitamin an siam bawk. Society-te bawng vulh hriselna an endiksak reng a. Bawngvulhtu (farmer) te hriselna thlengin an vil thei reng. “Make in India” tih ringawt hi anniho chuan an duhtawk ve lova, “Make in Rural India” an ti kher tawh nia. TV leh chanchinbu-a Amul fakna “The taste of India” tih i hmuh apiangin “I have a dream” ti ngam ngattu Dr. Vargese Kurien-a leh a hnungzuitute thawhrimna leh hmathlir i hre ve ṭhin dawn nia.

Lalnunmawia Chuaungo IAS

Gujarat chuan min lo mikhual ṭha hle mai. Mizoram sorkar pawisa cheng khat pawh chawi ngai lovin kan minister-te tan escort leh car ṭha, an hnungzuitute tan AC mini-bus nuam tak, thlenna room hrang vek, 5-star hotel-ah ngat lunch leh dinner min pe tluanchhuak a. ‘State guest’ category min lo pe hial mai. Kan kalna apiangah pangpar leh thilpek min pe a, an hospitality a va ṭha em. Chung zawng zawng phenah chuan Mizo tlangval, IAS officer viak ṭha leh smart Lalnunmawia Chuaungo a lo awm a. Gujarat sorkara Principal Secretary hial ni pha a ni bawk a, Gujarati officer te’n an vir vat vat reng mai a ni. Kan kalvelna leh vahvelna zawng zawng lo ruahmantu pawh amah hi a ni. A chungah kan va lawm em!

Eng tin nge ni zel ang le?

Sawi zawh mai chi pawh a ni lo. He Mizoram State High Level Team zin chungchangah hian tute emaw chuan “engmah a ni leh chuang lovang,” an ti a. A ṭhen chuan “A va ṭha ve mawle, rah ṭha a chhuah ngei ang,” an ti thung a. Thlarau chu a rahah en rawh u, tih ang kha a ni mai ang chu. Kan ram hi chhanchhuaka tidam tur chuan mi tihdan leh kalphung ṭha kan mamawh a, zaa za kan entawn diak diak thei lo a nih pawhin kan mizia leh hnam himna ngai pawimawh chung zelin kan hotute’n an kalpui ve zel ang chu. Planning Department lamah Minister ti tak tak mi, Planning Board lamah mi puitling, a Secretariat lamah Secretary viak ṭha kan nei - beisei nei takin i thlir zel phawt ang u.

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